Django 使用Celery处理异步任务

1. 本实验通过Django 异步发送邮件作为示例

 
a.Celery实际上是生产者消费者模型来实现异步的:

b.实验所需组件：
1) Django
2) Celery
3) Redis

2.实验代码
a.启动redis-server

#./redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf

#cat /etc/redis/redis.conf
bind 192.168.60.72
port 6379
daemonize yes
dbfilename dump.rdb
dir /var/lib/redis
logfile "/var/log/redis/redis-server.log"

#ss -antlp | grep 6379
LISTEN     0      128    192.168.60.72:6379                     *:*                   users:(("redis-server",pid=77880,fd=6))

b.配置Django

#django-admin startproject send_mail_prj
#cd send_mail_prj
#django-admin startapp app01

创建Celery相关文件:
├─manage.py
│
├─app01
│  │  admin.py
│  │  apps.py
│  │  models.py
│  │  tests.py
│  │  urls.py
│  │  utils.py
│  │  views.py
│  ├─__init__.py
│
├─celery_tasks  //创建如下文件
│  │  config.py
│  │  main.py
│  │  __init__.py
│  │
│  ├─sms
│     │  tasks.py
│     └─__init__.py
│
│
└─send_mail_prj
│  asgi.py
│  settings.py
│  urls.py
│  wsgi.py
│─ __init__.py

#celery_tasks.init.py为空

#celery_tasks.config.py

# Celery 配置文件
broker_url = 'redis://192.168.60.72/10'

#celery_tasks.main.py

# celery入口
from celery import Celery
# 初始化celery实例
celery_app = Celery('send_mail')
# 加载celery配置
celery_app.config_from_object('celery_tasks.config')
# 注册任务
celery_app.autodiscover_tasks(['celery_tasks.sms'])

#celery_tasks.sms.init.py 为空

#celery_tasks.sms.tasks.py

from celery_tasks.main import celery_app
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
import smtplib

# 定义异步任务
@celery_app.task(name='send_mail')
def sendEmail():
# 设置服务器所需信息
# 163邮箱服务器地址
mail_host = 'smtp.163.com'
# 163用户名
mail_user = 'yxxxx5'
# 密码(部分邮箱为授权码)
mail_pass = 'KIMxxxxxxxxxxxZ'
# 邮件发送方邮箱地址
sender = 'yxxxx5@163.com'
# 邮件接受方邮箱地址，注意需要[]包裹，这意味着你可以写多个邮件地址群发
receivers = ['yxxxx5@163.com']

# 设置email信息
# 邮件内容设置
message = MIMEText('dear frank, sdfsdfsdfasfdsdfsfwetrwre', 'plain', 'utf-8')
# 邮件主题
message['Subject'] = 'hi fxxxg sir sdfsfsdfasf'
# 发送方信息
message['From'] = sender
# 接受方信息
message['To'] = receivers[0]

# 登录并发送邮件
try:
smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP()
# 连接到服务器
smtpObj.connect(mail_host, 25)
# 登录到服务器
smtpObj.login(mail_user, mail_pass)
# 发送
smtpObj.sendmail(
sender, receivers, message.as_string())
# 退出
smtpObj.quit()
return ('success')
except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
print('error', e)  # 打印错误

3.Django写视图函数和配置URL
#app01.views.py

from django.http import HttpRequest, HttpResponse
# 导入异步任务
from celery_tasks.sms.tasks import sendEmail

# Create your views here.

def register(request):
# 发送邮件
sendEmail.delay()
return HttpResponse('hello')

#app01.urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from . import  views

urlpatterns = [
url(r'register/$', views.register, name='register'),
]

#send_mail_prj.urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.conf.urls import url, include

urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^', include('app01.urls')),
]

4.启动Celery
#cd send_mail_prj
#celery -A celery_tasks.main worker -l info
#celery -A celery_tasks.main worker -l info -P eventlet //windows下面需要添加-P eventlet

5.启动django
#cd send_mail_prj
#python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:80

6.访问127.0.0.1/register/

 
实验完成。