【Azure 应用服务】在Azure App Service for Windows 中部署Java/NodeJS/Python项目时，web.config的配置模板内容

问题描述

在Azure App Service for Windows 中部署web项目时候，需要在wwwroot下设置web.config，对于不同语言的项目，web.config文件中的httpPlatform模块内容则有大大的不同。以下内容则为Java，Python， NodeJS语言列出web.config模板：

Java

方式一： 启动Jar包的Web.config

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
  <system.webServer>
    <handlers>
      <add name="httpPlatformHandler" path="*" verb="*" modules="httpPlatformHandler" resourceType="Unspecified" />
    </handlers>
    <httpPlatform processPath="%JAVA_HOME%\bin\java.exe" stdoutLogEnabled ="true" stdoutLogFile="%home%\LogFiles\stdout"
        arguments="-Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Dserver.port=%HTTP_PLATFORM_PORT% -jar &quot;%HOME%\site\wwwroot\my-web-project.jar&quot; "  >    
　　 </httpPlatform>
  </system.webServer>
</configuration>

•  stdoutLogEnabled: 为true则会在stdoutLogFile文件夹中记录java启动的日志
•  arguments： 配置jar包的启动参数，如端口号，jar包路径，也可以配置utf-8编码方式，避免乱码问题。

方式二： 启动War包的Web.config

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
<system.webServer>
<handlers>
<add name="httppPlatformHandler" path="*" verb="*" modules="httpPlatformHandler" resourceType="Unspecified" />
</handlers>

<httpPlatform processPath="%AZURE_TOMCAT8_HOME%\bin\startup.bat">
</httpPlatform>
</system.webServer>
</configuration>

Python

一：配置 HttpPlatform 处理程序为Python.exe

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
<system.webServer>
<handlers>
<add name="PythonHandler" path="*" verb="*" modules="httpPlatformHandler" resourceType="Unspecified"/>
</handlers>
<httpPlatform processPath="D:\home\Python361x64\python.exe"
arguments="D:\home\site\wwwroot\runserver.py --port %HTTP_PLATFORM_PORT%"
stdoutLogEnabled="true"
stdoutLogFile="D:\home\LogFiles\python.log"
startupTimeLimit="60"
processesPerApplication="16">
<environmentVariables>
<environmentVariable name="SERVER_PORT" value="%HTTP_PLATFORM_PORT%" />
</environmentVariables>
</httpPlatform>
</system.webServer>
</configuration>

二：配置 FastCGI 处理程序

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
<appSettings>
<add key="PYTHONPATH" value="D:\home\site\wwwroot"/>
<!-- The handler here is specific to Bottle; other frameworks vary. -->
<add key="WSGI_HANDLER" value="app.wsgi_app()"/>
<add key="WSGI_LOG" value="D:\home\LogFiles\wfastcgi.log"/>
</appSettings>
<system.webServer>
<handlers>
<add name="PythonHandler" path="*" verb="*" modules="FastCgiModule"
scriptProcessor="D:\home\Python361x64\python.exe|D:\home\Python361x64\wfastcgi.py"
resourceType="Unspecified" requireAccess="Script"/>
</handlers>
</system.webServer>
</configuration>

• PYTHONPATH

   的值可以自由扩展，但必须包括你的应用的根目录。

• WSGI_HANDLER

   必须指向可从你的应用导入的 WSGI 应用。

• WSGI_LOG

   为可选，但建议在调试应用时使用。

NodeJS

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!--
This configuration file is required if iisnode is used to run node processes behind
IIS or IIS Express.  For more information, visit:

https://github.com/tjanczuk/iisnode/blob/master/src/samples/configuration/web.config
-->

<configuration>
<system.webServer>
<!-- Visit http://blogs.msdn.com/b/windowsazure/archive/2013/11/14/introduction-to-websockets-on-windows-azure-web-sites.aspx for more information on WebSocket support -->
<webSocket enabled="false" />
<handlers>
<!-- Indicates that the server.js file is a node.js site to be handled by the iisnode module -->
<add name="iisnode" path="index.js" verb="*" modules="iisnode"/>
</handlers>
<rewrite>
<rules>
<!-- Do not interfere with requests for node-inspector debugging -->
<rule name="NodeInspector" patternSyntax="ECMAScript" stopProcessing="true">
<match url="^index.js\/debug[\/]?" />
</rule>

<!-- First we consider whether the incoming URL matches a physical file in the /public folder -->
<rule name="StaticContent">
<action type="Rewrite" url="public{REQUEST_URI}"/>
</rule>

<!-- All other URLs are mapped to the node.js site entry point -->
<rule name="DynamicContent">
<conditions>
<add input="{REQUEST_FILENAME}" matchType="IsFile" negate="True"/>
</conditions>
<action type="Rewrite" url="index.js"/>
</rule>
</rules>
</rewrite>

<!-- 'bin' directory has no special meaning in node.js and apps can be placed in it -->
<security>
<requestFiltering>
<hiddenSegments>
<remove segment="bin"/>
</hiddenSegments>
</requestFiltering>
</security>

<!-- Make sure error responses are left untouched -->
<httpErrors existingResponse="PassThrough" />

<!--
You can control how Node is hosted within IIS using the following options:
* watchedFiles: semi-colon separated list of files that will be watched for changes to restart the server
* node_env: will be propagated to node as NODE_ENV environment variable
* debuggingEnabled - controls whether the built-in debugger is enabled

See https://github.com/tjanczuk/iisnode/blob/master/src/samples/configuration/web.config for a full list of options
-->
<!--<iisnode watchedFiles="web.config;*.js"/>-->
</system.webServer>
</configuration>

参考资料

Java sample for Azure App Service: https://github.com/Azure-Samples/app-service-web-java-get-started

将 web.config 设置为指向 Python 解释器: https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/visualstudio/python/managing-python-on-azure-app-service?view=vs-2019

Node.js Hello World: https://github.com/Azure-Samples/nodejs-docs-hello-world