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linux双网卡绑定

2020-12-06 10:15 826 查看

RHEL7/CentOS7 Configure Network Teaming

​ Network Teaming可联合或合并物理网络接口,形成具有较高吞吐量或冗余方式的逻辑网络接口。其作为网卡绑定的备选方式出现,在系统中和传统的bonding方式并存。

1. 系统环境

[root@test03 ~]# uname -a
Linux test03 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 19 22:10:57 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

[root@test03 ~]# ip addr show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eno16777736: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:56:69:4d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.231.13/24 brd 192.168.231.255 scope global eno16777736
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe56:694d/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: eno33554992: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:56:69:57 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: eno50332216: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:56:69:61 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

2. 双网卡绑定目标

  • 网卡绑定模式:activebackup - 主备模式

    一个网卡处于活跃状态,另一个处于备份状态,所有流量都在主链路上处理,当活跃网卡down掉时,启用备份网卡。

  • 绑定网卡:eno33554992+eno50332216=team0

    设置eno33554992为主网卡(优先处于活跃状态),eno50332216为辅网卡(备份状态,主网卡链路正常时,辅网卡处于备份状态);-- <u>此时无需设置辅网卡粘滞位。</u>
  • 设置eno33554992为主网卡,eno50332216为辅网卡,主网卡链路故障后,辅网卡切换为活跃状态,主网卡链路恢复后,辅网卡仍保持活跃状态直至其链路故障。 -- <u>此时需要设置辅网卡粘滞位{"sticky" true}。</u>

3. 双网卡绑定步骤

3.1 查看物理网卡信息:

[root@test03 network-scripts]# nmcli device
DEVICE       TYPE      STATE      CONNECTION
eno16777736  ethernet  connected  eno16777736
eno33554992  ethernet  connected  eno33554992
eno50332216  ethernet  connected  eno50332216
lo           loopback  unmanaged  --
# 共四张网卡,lo为本地回环网卡,另外三张为物理网卡。

3.2 查看网卡连接信息

[root@test03 network-scripts]# nmcli connection show
NAME         UUID                                  TYPE            DEVICE
eno50332216  36b38556-4bf8-4ce0-8045-4f5465530f67  802-3-ethernet  eno50332216
eno33554992  46831ccf-905b-4361-b5ba-c5448133e288  802-3-ethernet  eno33554992
eno16777736  613db14a-2375-4a89-b55a-d2abd8fc65d5  802-3-ethernet  eno16777736

3.3 删除网卡连接信息

本次Network Teaming配置中,需要将

eno33554992
eno50332216
绑定为
team0
,并且设置
eno33554992
为主网卡,首先需要这两块网卡现有的配置信息,否则
team0
创建完成后,未删除的网卡配置信息会影响
team0
的正常工作。

​ 如果

nmcli connection show
命令输出中无将要进行配置的网卡连接信息,则无需进行删除操作。

[root@test03 network-scripts]# nmcli connection delete eno33554992
[root@test03 network-scripts]# nmcli connection delete eno50332216
[root@test03 network-scripts]#
[root@test03 network-scripts]# nmcli connection show
NAME         UUID                                  TYPE            DEVICE
eno16777736  613db14a-2375-4a89-b55a-d2abd8fc65d5  802-3-ethernet  eno16777736
# 网卡连接信息删除成功。
# 这里删除的其实就是/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts目录下两块网卡的配置文件。
[root@test03 network-scripts]# pwd
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
[root@test03 network-scripts]# ls ifcfg-*
ifcfg-eno16777736  ifcfg-lo

3.4 创建team0

[root@test03 network-scripts]# nmcli connection add type team ifname team0 con-name team0 config '{"runner": {"name":"activebackup"}}' ip4 192.168.231.100/24
Connection 'team0' (dfe2f884-40e0-4686-a7f9-2be4b1a4b5b2) successfully added.

设备类型:team;设备名称和连接名称:均为team0;绑定模式:activebackup - 主备模式;IP及子网掩码:192.168.231.100/24;

当然,也可以后续设置IP地址,示例:

#创建team0并设置为主备模式
[root@test03 network-scripts]# nmcli connection add type team ifname team0 con-name team0 config '{"runner": {"name":"activebackup"}}'

#设置IP地址及子网掩码
[root@test03 network-scripts]# nmcli connection modify team0 ipv4.addresses 192.168.231.100/24

#设置IP地址获取方法为手动
[root@test03 network-scripts]# nmcli connection modify team0 ipv4.method manual

配置完成后,会在/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts目录下生成ifcfg-team0的配置文件

[root@test03 network-scripts]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-team0
DEVICE=team0
TEAM_CONFIG="{\"runner\": {\"name\":\"activebackup\"}}"
DEVICETYPE=Team
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
NAME=team0
UUID=dfe2f884-40e0-4686-a7f9-2be4b1a4b5b2
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.231.100
PREFIX=24
IPV6_PEERDNS=yes
IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes

3.5 将两块网卡添加进team0

# 添加网卡eno33554992,设备类型:team-slave;连接名称:team0-p1;master:team0;优先级:100
[root@test03 network-scripts]# nmcli connection add type team-slave ifname eno33554992 con-name team0-p1 master team0 config '{"prio": 100}'
Connection 'team0-p1' (4c8901c7-0246-47ce-8d5a-272f23f88d70) successfully added.

# 添加网卡eno50332216,设备类型:team-slave;连接名称:team0-p1;master:team0;优先级:-10; 粘滞位:true(sticky标志请根据实际需要设置)
[root@test03 network-scripts]# nmcli connection add type team-slave ifname eno50332216 con-name team0-p2 master team0 config '{"prio": -10,"sticky": true}'
Connection 'team0-p2' (d898f1f5-bb0f-496e-8cdd-7f3898c2a482) successfully added.

本次配置中

eno33554992
为主网卡,设置其优先级为100;
eno50332216
为辅网卡,设置其优先级为-10,粘滞位为true。

prio:优先级。

数字越大,网卡优先级越高,优先为活跃网卡;若不设置优先级,则默认为0,先接入网络的网卡为活跃网卡,另一块为备份网卡,直至活跃网卡断开连接,备份网卡自动升级为活跃网卡,两块网卡角色互换。

sticky:粘滞位,默认为false;

  • 辅网卡
    eno50332216
    中设置了sticky为true,代表如果辅网卡连接状态变为为活跃状态后,无论主网卡连接是否正常,其将会一直保持为活跃状态。
  • 若不设置sticky,在辅网卡为活跃状态时,若主网卡连接恢复正常,则活跃网卡由主网卡接管,辅网卡会变为备份状态。

可根据实际需要进行参数设置。

配置完成后,此时会在/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts目录下生成ifcfg-team0-p1,ifcfg-team0-p2的配置文件:

[root@test03 network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-team0-p1
TEAM_PORT_CONFIG="{\"prio\": 100}"
NAME=team0-p1
UUID=4c8901c7-0246-47ce-8d5a-272f23f88d70
DEVICE=eno33554992
ONBOOT=yes
TEAM_MASTER=team0
DEVICETYPE=TeamPort

[root@test03 network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-team0-p2
TEAM_PORT_CONFIG="{\"prio\": -10,\"sticky\": true}"
NAME=team0-p2
UUID=d898f1f5-bb0f-496e-8cdd-7f3898c2a482
DEVICE=eno50332216
ONBOOT=yes
TEAM_MASTER=team0
DEVICETYPE=TeamPort

4. 激活team0及其子网卡

# 激活team0-p1
[root@test03 ~]# nmcli connection up team0-p1
Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/5)

# 激活team0-p2
[root@test03 ~]# nmcli connection up team0-p2
Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/6)

# 激活team0
[root@test03 ~]# nmcli connection up team0
Connection successfully activated (master waiting for slaves) (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/7)

5. team0状态查看

5.1 查看team0工作状态:

# 查看当前活跃网卡
[root@test03 network-scripts]# nmcli connection show --active
NAME         UUID                                  TYPE            DEVICE
team0-p1     4c8901c7-0246-47ce-8d5a-272f23f88d70  802-3-ethernet  eno33554992
eno16777736  613db14a-2375-4a89-b55a-d2abd8fc65d5  802-3-ethernet  eno16777736
team0        d6e07840-dff8-49e9-a23c-35eb0cc0ec4b  team            team0
team0-p2     d898f1f5-bb0f-496e-8cdd-7f3898c2a482  802-3-ethernet  eno50332216

#查看team0端口状态
[root@test03 network-scripts]# teamnl team0 ports
4: eno50332216: up 1000Mbit FD
3: eno33554992: up 1000Mbit FD

[root@test03 network-scripts]# teamdctl team0 stat
setup:
runner: activebackup
ports:
eno33554992
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
eno50332216
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
runner:
active port: eno33554992

5.2 查看team0详细配置

# 查看team0详细配置
[root@test03 network-scripts]# teamdctl team0 config dump
{
"device": "team0",
"mcast_rejoin": {
"count": 1
},
"notify_peers": {
"count": 1
},
"ports": {
"eno33554992": {
"link_watch": {
"name": "ethtool"
},
"prio": 100
},
"eno50332216": {
"link_watch": {
"name": "ethtool"
},
"prio": -10,
"sticky": true
}
},
"runner": {
"name": "activebackup"
}
}

# 单独查看team0子网卡详细配置
[root@test03 network-scripts]# teamdctl team0 port config dump eno33554992
{
"link_watch": {
"name": "ethtool"
},
"prio": 100
}
[root@test03 network-scripts]# teamdctl team0 port config dump eno50332216
{
"link_watch": {
"name": "ethtool"
},
"prio": -10,
"sticky": true
}

6. team0切换测试

[root@test03 ~]# teamdctl team0 stat
setup:
runner: activebackup
ports:
eno33554992
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
eno50332216
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
runner:
active port: eno33554992

当前活跃子网卡为

eno33554992
,ping team0的IP地址一直可以ping通。现在将该网卡断开连接:

# 断开team0-p1的网络连接
[root@test03 ~]# nmcli connection down team0-p1
Connection 'team0-p1' successfully deactivated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/2)

# 查看team0连接状态
[root@test03 ~]# teamdctl team0 stat
setup:
runner: activebackup
ports:
eno50332216
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
runner:
active port: eno50332216

# 活跃网卡变为eno50332216,ping测试短暂中断后恢复。
来自 192.168.231.100 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64
来自 192.168.231.100 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64
来自 192.168.231.100 的回复: 字节=32 时间=1ms TTL=64
来自 192.168.231.100 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64
请求超时。
请求超时。
来自 192.168.231.100 的回复: 字节=32 时间=1ms TTL=64
来自 192.168.231.100 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64
来自 192.168.231.100 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64

由于本次测试在虚拟机中进行,ping测试会出现较明显的中断,在真实的物理机上测试时,ping测试会一直正常或出现短暂中断后恢复。

官方文档推荐使用:

nmcli device [disconnect|connect] ifname
命令来进行网卡的断开和连接操作,但在虚拟机上使用此方法断开网卡连接后,恢复网卡连接时会报错,这里使用命令
nmcli connection [down|up] ifname
进行操作。

当前活跃网卡为辅网卡

eno50332216
,现在连接主网卡:

# 恢复team0-p1的网络连接
[root@test03 ~]# nmcli connection up team0-p1
Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/7)

# 查看team0的连接状态
[root@test03 ~]# teamdctl team0 stat
setup:
runner: activebackup
ports:
eno33554992
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
eno50332216
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
runner:
active port: eno50332216

# ping测试短暂中断后恢复
来自 192.168.231.100 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64
请求超时。
请求超时。
来自 192.168.231.100 的回复: 字节=32 时间=1ms TTL=64
来自 192.168.231.100 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64

​ 由于本次测试在虚拟机中进行,ping测试会出现较明显的中断,在真实的物理机上测试时,ping测试会一直正常或出现短暂中断后恢复。

​ 在主网卡连接恢复正常后,查看team0发现当前活跃网卡仍为辅网卡

eno50332216
,没有将活跃网卡切换为主网卡
eno33554992
,原因是在辅网卡中设置了粘滞位sticky=true,sticky标志使辅网卡为活跃状态后,若其网络连接不发生故障,则会一直保持其为活跃网卡。

​ 如果在辅网卡配置中不设置sticky标志,主网卡连接恢复正常后,活跃网卡由主网卡接管,辅网卡会变为备份状态。

7. 双网卡绑定各模式配置文件示例

对于各种双网卡绑定配置模式,请参考系统中的示例文件,文件位置:

/usr/share/doc/teamd-xx/example_configs/

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