如何配置并启动slave节点

主节点已经运行了一段时间，且有大量数据时,这时候很多方法不能使用,需要我们不停机,配置并启动slave节点,下面做个实验来大家可以参照做

#备份主节点数据库
[root@master ~] mysqldump -A -F --single-transaction --master-data=1 > /data/mariadbbackup

date +%F_%T

[root@master ~] ll /data/
total 1496 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 478777 Oct 16 22:04 mariadb_backup_sql

#将备份拷贝到slave服务器
[root@master ~] scp /data/mariadb_backup_2020-10-18_16\:08\:08.sql 10.0.0.81:/data/
The authenticity of host '10.0.0.81 (10.0.0.81)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:pWYlWWDNZAyPanC0foRMoATFOGGBma8XydeNm0U1+CI.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added '10.0.0.81' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@10.0.0.81's password:
mariadb_backup_2020-10-18_16\:09\:08.sql 100% 468KB 45.1MB/s 00:00
#优化主从节点服务器性能
MariaDB [(none)]> SET GLOBAL innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> SET GLOBAL sync_binlog= 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'sync_binlog';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| sync_binlog | 0 |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.001 sec)
#将备份还原到从节点：
#安装数据库：
[root@slave1 ~] dnf -y install mariadb-server
#修改配置文件
[root@slave1 ~] vim /etc/my.cnf.d/mariadb-server.cnf
[mysql]
server-id=81
log-bin
read-only

[root@slave1 ~] systemctl restart mariadb.service
配置从节点从备份之后开始复制：
[root@slave1 ~] vim /data/mariadb_backup_2020-10-18_08\:12\:52.sql
CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.81',
MASTER_USER='abc',
MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mariadb-bin.000002',
MASTER_LOG_POS=375;

[root@slave1 ~] mysql < /data/mariadb_backup_2020-10-18_12:06\:11.sql

[root@slave1 ~] mysql
MariaDB [(none)]> START SLAVE;
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G
1. row
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.0.0.8
Master_User: abc
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000004
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 389
Relay_Log_File: mariadb-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 557
Relay_Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 389
Relay_Log_Space: 868
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
S econds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 8
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Using_Gtid: No
Gtid_IO_Pos:
Replicate_Do_Domain_Ids:
Replicate_Ignore_Domain_Ids:
Parallel_Mode: conservative
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Slave_DDL_Groups: 0
Slave_Non_Transactional_Groups: 0
Slave_Transactional_Groups: 0
1 row in set (0.000 sec)