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使用canal同步Mysql操作到Oracle(windows)

2020-06-08 04:31 1516 查看

版本信息

java version “1.8.0_141”
Mysql version mysql-8.0.19-winx64
Canal version canal.deployer.1.1.3
rt = 11112

配置mysql的my.ini配置文件

[mysqld]
mysql_native_password default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
server-id=1
bind-address=0.0.0.0
#开启binlog日志
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format = ROW
[mysql]
#设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8mb4
[client]
#设置mysql客户端连接服务端时默认使用的端口
port=3306
default-character-set=utf8mb4

配置canal.deployer.1.1.3\conf\example\instance.properties

#position info
canal.instance.master.address=127.0.0.1:3306
canal.instance.master.journal.name=
canal.instance.master.position=
canal.instance.master.timestamp=
canal.instance.master.gtid=

#rds oss binlog
canal.instance.rds.accesskey=
canal.instance.rds.secretkey=
canal.instance.rds.instanceId=

#table meta tsdb info
canal.instance.tsdb.enable=true
#canal.instance.tsdb.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/canal_tsdb
#canal.instance.tsdb.dbUsername=canal
#canal.instance.tsdb.dbPassword=canal

配置canal.deployer.1.1.3\conf\canal.properties

#本地IP192.168.31.1:3306
canal.manager.jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.31.1:3306/canal_manager?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
#canal.manager.jdbc.username=root
#canal.manager.jdbc.password=121212
canal.destinations=example
#与my.ini内的server id= 不同即可
canal.id = 111111
canal.ip =
canal.port = 11111
canal.metrics.pull.port = 11112

#table meta tsdb info
canal.instance.tsdb.enable = true
canal.instance.tsdb.dir = canal.file.data.dir:../conf/{canal.file.data.dir:../conf}/canal.file.data.dir:../conf/{canal.instance.destination:}
canal.instance.tsdb.url = jdbc:h2:${canal.instance.tsdb.dir}/h2;CACHE_SIZE=1000;MODE=MYSQL;
canal.instance.tsdb.dbUsername = canal
canal.instance.tsdb.dbPassword = canal
#dump snapshot interval, default 24 hour
canal.instance.tsdb.snapshot.interval = 24
#purge snapshot expire , default 360 hour(15 days)
canal.instance.tsdb.snapshot.expire = 360

#aliyun ak/sk , support rds/mq
canal.aliyun.accessKey =
canal.aliyun.secretKey =

#################################################
######### destinations #############
#################################################
canal.destinations = example
#conf root dir
canal.conf.dir = …/conf
#auto scan instance dir add/remove and start/stop instance
canal.auto.scan = true
canal.auto.scan.interval = 5

重启mysql,登录mysql内

创建canal用户和授权;
// 新增用户
CREATE USER ‘canal’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘canal’;
// 授权
GRANT SHOW VIEW, SELECT, REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON . TO ‘canal’@’%’;
// 刷新
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

开启canal.deployer.1.1.3\bin\start.bat

cmd界面:
查看:canal.deployer.1.1.3\logs\canal\canal.log

canal配置的其他参数以及解释:

参考:写的很详细,在此感谢大神的辛苦创作
https://blog.csdn.net/u012758088/article/details/78789616?depth_1-utm_source=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task&utm_source=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task

javacanal连接。代码

注意事项一:下面的代码需要保证mysql与oracle导入导出的数据库名称和表名称完全一致,而且在mysql端创建删除表,oracle也会有对应的操作,创建表之后就可以插入数据,
因为Oracle与mysql的sql语句不通,而且拿到sql语句不支持oracle直接操作,因此该代码不支持delete,insert,update,create,drop之外的操作,需要另外开发(没必要)
注意事项二:因为拿到的数据均为string,所以在对数据进行操作时,除了基本数据类型和String类型,其他类型均要转换成oracle支持的数据类型,date的已经做了转换,基本数据类型和string不需要装换,如果有其他数据类型时,请先校验转换,参考date类型的处理方式,除date外,sql语句拼接的都是string(oracle可以用string数据导入基本数据类型的字段,例如 “1”等同于int 1)
注意事项3:如果有其他数据类型而且不能做转换,请联系QQ:1078442730,有另外的处理方式,但是要牺牲灵活性,所有的表都要事先创建对象,如果表有100个字段,就要创建100个属性,重复代码太多,灵活性太低,但是可以保证所有数据类型在mysql端和oracle端是一致的。

canla连接:通过配置文件连接
package com.zzw.Conn;

import com.alibaba.otter.canal.client.CanalConnector;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.client.CanalConnectors;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.util.Properties;

public class CanalConn {
static String hostname = null;
static int    port = 0;
static String destination = null;
static String username = null;
static String password = null;

static {
Properties properties = new Properties();
try {
properties.load(newFileInputStream("D:\\idea_code\\CanalMysqlToOrcal\\lib\\canal"));
hostname = properties.getProperty("hostname");
port = Integer.parseInt(properties.getProperty("port"));
destination = properties.getProperty("destination");
username = properties.getProperty("username");
password = properties.getProperty("Cpassword");

} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static CanalConnector getconn(){
InetSocketAddress isa= new InetSocketAddress(hostname,port);
CanalConnector connector = CanalConnectors.newSingleConnector(isa,destination,username,password);
System.out.println("connection Successfully");
return connector;
}
}

Canal的java配置文件:
hostname=192.168.31.1 canal运行的客户端IP
port=11111 canal的conf下的配置文件中配置的port
destination=example canal的conf下的配置文件中配置的destination
username=canal 第四步创建授权的canal用户与密码,与canal的conf下的
配置文件中配置的保持一致
Password=canla

CanalMysqlToOrcal下的代码部分详解

package com.zzw.RunSoft;

import com.alibaba.otter.canal.client.CanalConnector;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.protocol.Message;
import com.beimingsoft.Conn.CanalConn;
import com.beimingsoft.Conn.OracleConn;
import com.beimingsoft.actiontooracle.ActionToOracle;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

/**
* long batchId = message.getId();此参数类似于KAFKA的偏移量,当操作成功时,偏移量增加,否则回滚
* connector.ack(batchId):提交偏移量
* connector.rollback(batchId):回滚偏移量
* tips: batchid=message.getId(),指的是同一个库同一个表的偏移量,例如如果操作的表未在目标库创建,则在创建后消费对应的message.getId()
* 也就是:每个表都有对应的message.getId(),并且相互之间互不影响
*/
public class MysqlToOracle {
public static void main(String[] args)  {
//获取oracle连接
Connection conn = OracleConn.getConnection();
//创建PreparedStatement
PreparedStatement ps = null;
//创建GetTabFileds 对象
//获取canal的连接
CanalConnector connector = CanalConn.getconn();
connector.connect();
/*bin-log的分隔符,与cmd界面的:
[New I/O server worker #1-2] WARN  c.a.o.canal.parse.inbound.mysql.dbsync.LogEventConvert
- --> init table filter : ^.*\..*$保持一致,默认就是.*\..*  不建议修改canal的该项配置
*/
connector.subscribe(".*\\..*");
//持续拉取数据,有bin-log产生就会消费
while (true) {
//i,用于判断是否执行成功,i==1,成功,提交message.get.Id,否则回滚message.get.Id
int i = 0;
// 获取指定数量的数据
Message message = connector.getWithoutAck(100);
//拿到偏移量
long batchId = message.getId();
//如果没有数据可以拉取,则休眠1s
if (batchId == -1 || message.getEntries().isEmpty()) {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
continue;
}
//得到i值,并执行操作
i = ActionToOracle.action(conn, ps, message.getEntries());
if (i == 1) {
// 提交确认,消费成功,通知server删除数据
connector.ack(batchId);
System.out.println("偏移量更新成功");
//*****************************************************************
//因为在代码测试过程中 mysql与oracle的sql语句不通,所以会不断报错,所以设置了无论成功还是失败都提交偏移量
// 不然会不停的回滚不停地拉取不停的报错,因此按照需要这部分代码需要按照实际更改
} else if (i==0) {
Connector.ack(batchId);
System.out.println("再见蠢货");
***//为防止不停报错,以下语句实际不会出现,按照需求修改***
}else {
// 处理失败, 回滚数据,后续重新获取数据
connector.rollback(batchId);
System.out.println("偏移量回滚成功");
}
}
}
}

对oracle操作部分的代码

package com.zzw.actiontooracle;

import com.alibaba.otter.canal.protocol.CanalEntry;
import com.google.protobuf.InvalidProtocolBufferException;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.util.List;

public class ActionToOracle {
//每个方法的返回值 1,代表成功,0代表失败 ,默认0
private static int status = 0;
//从sql语句中抽取元数据表的库名和表名
public static String from_tab = null;
public static String from_db = null;
//ddl操作的sql语句
private static String ddl_sql = null;

public static int action(Connection conn, PreparedStatement ps, List<CanalEntry.Entry> entries) {
for (CanalEntry.Entry entry : entries) {
if (entry.getEntryType() != CanalEntry.EntryType.ROWDATA) {
continue;
}

CanalEntry.RowChange rowChange = null;
try {
//拿到binlog
rowChange = CanalEntry.RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue());
} catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
CanalEntry.EventType eventType = rowChange.getEventType();
//从sql语句中抽取元数据表的库名和表名
from_tab = entry.getHeader().getTableName();
from_db = entry.getHeader().getSchemaName();
//拿到sql,该SQL智能拿到DDLSQL语句,DMLSQL语句拿不到,dml操作的话,rowChange.getSql()不执行(测试结果如此,没有查到资料讲为什么这样)
ddl_sql = rowChange.getSql();
System.out.println(String.format("================> binlog[%s:%s] , name[%s,%s] , eventType : %s",
entry.getHeader().getLogfileName(), entry.getHeader().getLogfileOffset(),
entry.getHeader().getSchemaName(), entry.getHeader().getTableName(), eventType));
/**
如果是ddl语句,匹配insert,delete,update,执行相关操作
*/
if (!rowChange.getIsDdl()) {
for (CanalEntry.RowData rowData : rowChange.getRowDatasList()) {
switch (eventType) {

case INSERT:
System.out.println();
System.out.println("INSERT ");
status = ActionToOracleFuction.insertToOracle(conn, ps, rowData.getAfterColumnsList());
break;
case UPDATE:
System.out.println();
System.out.println("UPDATE ");
status = ActionToOracleFuction.updateToOracle(conn, ps, rowData.getAfterColumnsList(),rowData.getBeforeColumnsList());
break;
case DELETE:
System.out.println();
System.out.println("DELETE ");
status = ActionToOracleFuction.deleteFromOracle(conn, ps, rowData.getBeforeColumnsList());
break;
default:
System.out.println(eventType);
break;

}
}
} else {
//如果是DDL操作 执行下面的语句
System.out.println();
System.out.println("ddl操作");
status = ActionToOracleFuction.ddlAction(conn, ps, ddl_sql, eventType);

}
}
return status;

}
}

执行oracle实际操作的函数类

package com.zzw.actiontooracle;

import com.alibaba.otter.canal.protocol.CanalEntry;
import com.beimingsoft.Conn.OracleConn;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Date;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import static com.beimingsoft.actiontooracle.ActionToOracle.from_db;
import static com.beimingsoft.actiontooracle.ActionToOracle.from_tab;

;

public class ActionToOracleFuction {
private static int deletestatus = 0;
private static int updatestatus = 0;
private static int insertstatus = 0;
private static int ddlactionstatus = 0;
private static String sql = null;
private static Date date = null;
private static List<Date> dates = new ArrayList<>();
//beforecolumns:执行DML操作之前的数据集 aftercolimns :之心DML操作之后的数据集
//具体思路查看insertFromOracle函数,总之一句话,拿到字段名,对应的值,重新组装一个适合oracle的SQL语句
//但是要注意date类型的数据,从beforecolumns或者aftercolumns中拿到的都是String,对于oracle插入的整数,//小数,字符串没有影响,对date类型不可操作,具体解决办法查看insertFromOracle,是否还有其他数据类型需要做校对//还不清楚
public static int deleteFromOracle(Connection conn, PreparedStatement ps, List<CanalEntry.Column> beforecolumns) {
int i = 1;
sql = "delete from " + from_db + "." + from_tab + " where  ";
for (CanalEntry.Column column : beforecolumns) {
try {
date = Date.valueOf(column.getValue());
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
sql = sql + column.getName() + "='" + column.getValue() + "' and ";
}
if (date != null) {
sql = sql + column.getName() + "=? and ";
dates.add(date);
date = null;
}
}
sql = sql.substring(0, sql.lastIndexOf("and"));
System.err.println(sql);
conn = OracleConn.getConnection();

try {
ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
for (Date date : dates) {
ps.setDate(i, date);
i++;
}
ps.execute();
System.out.println("sql提交成功");
conn.commit();
System.out.println("commit成功,执行状态:success");
deletestatus = 1;
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.err.println("表或视图不存在,请检查设置");
} finally {
OracleConn.close(ps, conn);
dates.clear();
}

return deletestatus;

}

public static int updateToOracle(Connection conn, PreparedStatement ps, List<CanalEntry.Column> aftercolumns, List<CanalEntry.Column> beforecolumns) {
String sql = "update " + from_db + "." + from_tab + " set  ";
int i = 1;
for (CanalEntry.Column column : aftercolumns) {
try {
date = Date.valueOf(column.getValue());
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
sql = sql + column.getName() + "='" + column.getValue() + "',";
}
if (date != null) {
sql = sql + column.getName() + "=?,";
dates.add(date);
date = null;
}
}
sql = sql.substring(0, sql.lastIndexOf(",")) + " where ";
for (CanalEntry.Column column : beforecolumns) {
try {
date = Date.valueOf(column.getValue());
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
sql = sql + column.getName() + "='" + column.getValue() + "' and ";
}
if (date != null) {
sql = sql + column.getName() + "=? and ";
dates.add(date);
date = null;
}
}
sql = sql.substring(0, sql.lastIndexOf("and"));
System.err.println(sql);
conn = OracleConn.getConnection();
try {
conn = OracleConn.getConnection();
ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
for (Date date : dates) {
//把dates中的date取出,i=1,所以如果有date类型的数据就传到sql,同时i自增,i的值与参数的顺序就有序了
ps.setDate(i, date);
i++;
}
ps.execute();
System.out.println("sql提交成功");
conn.commit();
System.out.println("commit成功,执行状态:success");
updatestatus = 1;
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.err.println("表或视图不存在,请检查设置");
} finally {
OracleConn.close(ps, conn);
//等把所有的dates中的date取出后清空dates,不然影响dates的数据会一直增加,传参到SQL有误
dates.clear();
}
return updatestatus;
}

public static int insertToOracle(Connection conn, PreparedStatement ps, List<CanalEntry.Column> aftercolumns) {
//ps的第一个参数,SQL语句的第一个?的索引值
int i = 1;
//拼接sql : 例如:insert into scott.userinfo (
String sql = "insert into " + from_db + "." + from_tab + " (";
//拼接sql:例如:insert into scott.userinfo (u_id,u_name,u_age,
for (CanalEntry.Column column : aftercolumns) {
sql = sql + column.getName() + ",";
}
//截取sql并拼接:例如 insert into scott.userinfo (u_id,u_name,u_age) values (
sql = sql.substring(0, sql.lastIndexOf(",")) + ") values(";
//拼接sql:例如insert into scott.userinfo (u_id,u_name,u_age) values (1,,张三',1,
for (CanalEntry.Column column : aftercolumns) {
try {
//把String转成sqlDate,如果不Date类型则下面语句不执行,执行catch内容
date = Date.valueOf(column.getValue());
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
sql = sql + "'" + column.getValue() + "'" + ",";
}
//如果没有catch到异常,则拼接sql,把?拼接到sql中,同时把date放到list中
if (date != null) {
sql = sql + "?,";
dates.add(date);
date = null;
}
}
//截取拼接sql:例如insert into scott.userinfo (u_id,u_name,u_age) values (1,,张三',1)
sql = sql.substring(0, sql.lastIndexOf(",")) + ")";
System.err.println(sql);

try {
conn = OracleConn.getConnection();
ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
for (Date date : dates) {
//把dates中的date取出,i=1,所以如果有date类型的数据就传到sql,同时i自增,i的值与参数的顺序就有序了
ps.setDate(i, date);
i++;
}
ps.execute();
System.out.println("sql提交成功");
conn.commit();
System.out.println("commit成功,执行状态:success");
insertstatus = 1;
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.err.println("表或视图不存在,请检查设置");
} finally {
OracleConn.close(ps, conn);
//等把所有的dates中的date取出后清空dates,不然影响dates的数据会一直增加,传参到SQL有误
dates.clear();
}

return insertstatus;
}

public static int ddlAction(Connection conn, PreparedStatement ps, String ddl_sql, CanalEntry.EventType eventType) {
switch (eventType) {
case CREATE:
sql = ddl_sql;
break;
case ERASE:
//解析出来的binlog日志内的DROPsql:DROP TABLE `u` /* generated by server */
//oracl无法直接使用该sql,所以通过元信息中的数据库名,和表名重组sql
//因此需要保证mysql和oracle中同步的数据库表名和数据名一致。不一致也可以,但是需要添加配置,在配置中设定
//而且会有局限性。
sql = "drop table " + from_db + "." + from_tab;

}

System.err.println(sql);
try {
conn = OracleConn.getConnection();
ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
ps.execute();
System.out.println("sql提交成功");
conn.commit();
System.out.println("commit成功,执行状态:success");
ddlactionstatus = 1;
} catch (SQLException e) {
System.err.println("操作失败");

} finally {

OracleConn.close(ps, conn);
}
return ddlactionstatus;
}

}
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