oracle 数据泵(2)

在import 操作的时候，可以使用REMAP_DATAFILE, REMAP_SCHEMA, REMAP_TABLESPACE, and TRANSFORM命令完成，表空间的映射，以及重新定义对象数据的所属的用户。REMAP_DATAFILE可以讲源数据库的数据文件，映射到目标的数据库文件中去。只能用于全库导出，导入到新库的时候*expdp yyp/oracle directory=dir0 full=y dumpfile=full.dmp parallel=2 job_name=yyp

*impdp yyp/oracle parfile=para.pra

 [oracle@localhost dir0]$ cat para.pra

DIRECTORY=dir0

FULL=Y

DUMPFILE=full.dmp

REMAP_DATAFILE=\'/oracle/database/oradata/orcl/p2.dbf\':\'/oracle/database/oradata/orcl/p3.dbf\'

------REMAP_DATAFILE的目标文件不需要已经存在。
SQL> /

FILE_NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/oracle/database/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf

/oracle/database/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf

/oracle/database/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf

/oracle/database/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf

/oracle/database/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf

/oracle/database/oradata/orcl/p2.dbf

 

6 rows selected.

SQL> drop tablespace P2;

 

Tablespace dropped.

SQL> /

FILE_NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/oracle/database/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf

/oracle/database/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf

/oracle/database/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf

/oracle/database/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf

/oracle/database/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf

/oracle/database/oradata/orcl/p3.dbf

6 rows selected.

 
*REMAP_TABLESPACEremap_tablespace，可以将源表空间的所有的内容映射到目标表空间中去，要求目标表空间的已经存在。导出表空间问题： [oracle@localhost dir0]$ expdp yyp/oracle directory=dir0 dumpfile=tbs2.dmp tablespaces=P2

 

Export: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Saturday, 03 November, 2012 12:56:37

 

Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

Starting "YYP"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLESPACE_01":  yyp/******** directory=dir0 dumpfile=tbs2.dmp tablespaces=P2

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 0 KB

ORA-39167: Tablespace P2 was not found.

ORA-31655: no data or metadata objects selected for job

Job "YYP"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLESPACE_01" completed with 2 error(s) at 12:57:20

 明明能在dba_talespaces视图中看到P2，但是在dba_segments中不存在该tablespace的记录。原因就是表空间P2中为空。

首先创建在表空间P2的表。

SQL> create table testP2(id number) tablespace P2;

Table created.

SQL>  select distinct tablespace_name from dba_segments;

TABLESPACE_NAME

------------------------------------------------------------

SYSAUX

UNDOTBS1

USERS

P2

SYSTEM

EXAMPLE

6 rows selected.

 

在执行导出：

[oracle@localhost dir0]$ expdp yyp/oracle directory=dir0 dumpfile=tbs2.dmp tablespaces=P2

Export: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Saturday, 03 November, 2012 13:25:05

Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

Starting "YYP"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLESPACE_01":  yyp/******** directory=dir0 dumpfile=tbs2.dmp tablespaces=P2

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 0 KB

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

. . exported "YYP"."TESTP2"                                  0 KB       0 rows

Master table "YYP"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLESPACE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for YYP.SYS_EXPORT_TABLESPACE_01 is:

  /tmp/dir0/tbs2.dmp

Job "YYP"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLESPACE_01" successfully completed at 13:26:00

[oracle@localhost dir0]$

SQL> create tablespace P1  datafile '/oracle/database/oradata/orcl/p1.dbf'; create tablespace P1  datafile '/oracle/database/oradata/orcl/p1.dbf'

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01119: error in creating database file

'/oracle/database/oradata/orcl/p1.dbf'

ORA-17610: file '/oracle/database/oradata/orcl/p1.dbf' does not exist and no

size specified

ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status

Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

SQL> create tablespace P1  datafile '/oracle/database/oradata/orcl/p1.dbf' size 10M;

Tablespace created.[oracle@localhost dir0]$ impdp yyp/oracle REMAP_TABLESPACE=P2:P1 directory=dir0 dumpfile=tbs2.dmp Import: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Saturday, 03 November, 2012 13:45:56

Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

Master table "YYP"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

Starting "YYP"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01":  yyp/******** REMAP_TABLESPACE=P2:P1 directory=dir0 dumpfile=tbs2.dmp

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

ORA-39151: Table "YYP"."TESTP2" exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Job "YYP"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" completed with 1 error(s) at 13:46:18

----------------该错误的原因是因为表"YYP"."TESTP2"已经存在，这里测试的时候将"YYP"."TESTP2"所在的表空间都删除。

SQL> drop tablespace P2 including contents and datafiles;

 [oracle@localhost dir0]$ impdp yyp/oracle REMAP_TABLESPACE=P2:P1 directory=dir0 dumpfile=tbs2.dmp

Import: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Saturday, 03 November, 2012 13:48:42

Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

Master table "YYP"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

Starting "YYP"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01":  yyp/******** REMAP_TABLESPACE=P2:P1 directory=dir0 dumpfile=tbs2.dmp

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

. . imported "YYP"."TESTP2"                                  0 KB       0 rows

Job "YYP"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" successfully completed at 13:49:11

SQL> select tablespace_name from dba_segments where segment_name='TESTP2';

TABLESPACE_NAME

------------------------------------------------------------

P1
REMAP_SCHEMA语法：REMAP_SCHEMA=source_schema:target_schema impdp的时候，可以将源schema的对象，映射到目标schema。source_schema必须要不同，但是不同的source_schema可以映射到同一个target_schema中去。target_schema可以预先存在，若不存在，在impdp的时候，target_schema会被自动创建。前提是impdp时的用户有足够的权限。
[oracle@localhost dir0]$ expdp yyp/oracle directory=dir0 dumpfile=rmschema.dmp schemas=scott[oracle@localhost dir0]$ impdp yyp/oracle directory=dir0 dumpfile=rmschema.dmp  remap_schema=scott:scott2检查scott2用户的对象

SQL> select segment_name from dba_segments where wner='SCOTT2';

SEGMENT_NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

DEPT

EMP

BONUS

SALGRADE

STAT_TABLE

PK_DEPT

PK_EMP

STAT_TABLE

JOB_IDX

EMP_BM_IDX

10 rows selected.

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