微服务Springcloud开弓之框架搭建《一》

文章目录

• 父工程的搭建
• Rest微服务工程搭建
• 构建步骤
• 1. Cloud-provider-payment8001 微服务提供者Module模块
• 2.热部署
• 3.cloud-consumer-order80 微服务消费者订单Module模块
• 4. 工程重构

• 服务注册与发现
• 配置中心管理
• 服务调用
• 服务网关
• 服务熔断
• 服务监控
• 负载均衡
• 全链路跟踪
• 服务降级
• 自动化构建部署
• 服务消息队列
• 服务定时任务调度操作

对微服务的实现

• Eureka : 服务注册与发现
• Netelix Ribbon： 服务负载与调用
• Netelix Feign: 服务负载与调用
• Hystrix ： 服务熔断与降级
• Netelix Zuul ： 服务网关
• Spring Cloud config ：服务分布式配置
• SpringBoot : 服务开发

版本依赖关系

技术选型

微服务技术现在状况

父工程的搭建

1、New Project 勾选site简单

2、聚合总父工程名字

3、Maven选版本

4、工程名字

5、字符编码

6、 注解生效激活 File | Settings | Build, Execution, Deployment | Compiler | Annotation Processors

7、. java编译版本选8

父工程依赖

<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>

<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
<mysql.version>8.0.17</mysql.version>
<druid.version>1.1.16</druid.version>
<spring.boot.version>2.2.2.RELEASE</spring.boot.version>
<spring.cloud.version>Hoxton.SR1</spring.cloud.version>
<spring.cloud.alibaba.version>2.1.0.RELEASE</spring.cloud.alibaba.version>
<mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.0</mybatis.spring.boot.version>
</properties>

<!--子模块继承后,提供作用:锁定版本+子module不用groupId和version-->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!--springboot 2.2.2-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${druid.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring.boot.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--Spring cloud Hoxton.SR1-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring.cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--Spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring.cloud.alibaba.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>${druid.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<fork>true</fork>
<addResources>true</addResources>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>

<!--第三方maven私服-->
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>nexus-aliyun</id>
<name>Nexus aliyun</name>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>

注意

父工程创建完成执行mvn:insall将父工程发布到仓库方便子工程继承

Rest微服务工程搭建

构建步骤

1. Cloud-provider-payment8001 微服务提供者Module模块

• 建module

• 改POM

  <dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
  <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
  <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
  <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <!--mysql-connector-java-->
  <dependency>
  <groupId>mysql</groupId>
  <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
  <scope>runtime</scope>
  <optional>true</optional>
  </dependency><dependency>
  <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
  <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
  <optional>true</optional>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
  <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>

• 写YML

  server:
  port: 8001
  
  spring:
  application:
  name: cloud-provider-service
  datasource:
  username: root
  password: 123
  url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2019?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
  driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
  type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
  
  mybatis:
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
  type-aliases-package: com.atguigu.springcloud.entities

• 主启动

  @SpringBootApplication
  public class PaymentMain8001 {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
  SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8001.class);
  }
  }

• 业务类

  1.建库

  CREATE TABLE `payment`(
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'ID',
  `serial` varchar(200) DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
  ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

  2.emtities

  主实体Payment

  @Data
  @AllArgsConstructor
  @NoArgsConstructor
  public class Payment  implements Serializable {
  
  private  Long id;
  private String serial;
  }

• Json封装体CommonResult （用于给前端传送json数据）

  @Data
  @AllArgsConstructor
  @NoArgsConstructor
  public class CommonResult<T> {
  private Integer code;
  private String message;
  private  T      data;
  
  public CommonResult(Integer code,String message){
  this(code,message,null);
  }
  
  }

3.dao

• 接口PaymentDao

  @Mapper
  public interface PaymentDao {
  
  public  int  create(Payment payment);
  
  public  Payment  getPaymentById(@PathParam("id") Long id);
  }

• mybatis的映射文件PaymentMapper.xml 对应放到resource下的mapper,与接口名对应

  src\main\resources\mapper\PaymentMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.atguigu.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao">
<insert id="create" parameterType="payment" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
insert  into payment(serial) values (#{serial});
</insert>

<resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment">
<id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"/>
<id column="serial" property="serial" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="getPaymentById" parameterType="Long" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
select  * from payment where  id=#{id};
</select>
</mapper>

mapper.xml的头部结构

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.atguigu.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao">
</mapper>

4.service

• 接口PaymentService

  public interface PaymentService {
  public  int  create(Payment payment);
  
  public  Payment  getPaymentById(@PathParam("id") Long id);
  }

• 实现类

  @Service
  public class PaymentServiceImpl implements  PaymentService {
  
  @Resource
  private PaymentDao paymentDao;
  @Override
  public int create(Payment payment) {
  return  paymentDao.create(payment);
  
  }
  
  @Override
  public Payment getPaymentById(Long id) {
  return paymentDao.getPaymentById(id);
  }
  }

​ 5.controller

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {

@Resource
private PaymentService paymentService;

@PostMapping(value = "/payment/create")
public  CommonResult create(Payment payment){
int result = paymentService.create(payment);
log.info("###########插入结果"+result);
if(result>0){
return new CommonResult(200,"插入数据库成功",result);
}else{
return new CommonResult(444,"插入数据库失败",null);
}
}

@GetMapping(value = "/payment/get/{id}")
public CommonResult getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
Payment paymentById = paymentService.getPaymentById(id);
log.info("*********查找结果为: " + paymentById);
if (paymentById != null) {
return new CommonResult(200, "查找成功", paymentById);
} else {
return new CommonResult(444, "查找为空,查找ID为: " + id, null);
}
}
}

• 测试

访问地址: http://localhost:8001/payment/get/31

结果

{"code":200,"message":"查找成功","data":{"id":31,"serial":"尚硅谷01"}}

postman模拟： http://localhost:8001/payment/create?serial=atguigu002

结果

{
"code": 200,
"message": "插入数据库成功",
"data": 1
}

Dashboard窗口

<component name="RunDashboard">
<option name="configurationTypes">
<set>
<option value="SpringBootApplicationConfigurationType" />
</set>
</option>
</component>

Dashboard窗口方法二

• 小总结

1. 建module
2. 改POM
3. 写YML
4. 主启动
5. 业务类

2.热部署

• Adding devtools to your project

  <dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
  <scope>runtime</scope>
  <optional>true</optional>
  </dependency>

• Adding plugin to your pom.xml

  下面配置我们粘贴进聚合父类总工程的pom.xml里
  <build>
  <fileName>你自己的工程名字<fileName>
  <plugins>
  <plugin>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  <configuration>
  <fork>true</fork>
  <addResources>true</addResources>
  </configuration>
  </plugin>
  </plugins>
  </build>

• Enabling automatic build

• Update the value of
  
• 重启idea

3.cloud-consumer-order80 微服务消费者订单Module模块

• 建cloud-consumer-order80

• 改POM

      <dependencies>
  <dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
  <scope>runtime</scope>
  <optional>true</optional>
  </dependency><dependency>
  <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
  <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
  <optional>true</optional>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
  <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  

• 写YML

  server:
  port: 80

• 主启动

  @SpringBootApplication
  public class OrderMain80 {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
  SpringApplication.run(OrderMain80.class,args);
  }
  }

• 业务类

  entites 和 Cloud-provider-payment8001 一样

• 首说Resttemplate

• config对其配置

```xml
@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {

@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
return  new RestTemplate();
}
}
```

• controller

  @RestController
  @Slf4j
  public class OrderController {
  
  public static  final  String  PAYMENT_URL="http://localhost:8001";
  
  @Resource
  private RestTemplate restTemplate;
  
  @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/create")
  public CommonResult<Payment> create(Payment payment){
  return  restTemplate.postForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"/payment/create",payment,CommonResult.class);
  }
  
  @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/{id}")
  public  CommonResult<Payment> getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
  return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"/payment/get/"+id,CommonResult.class);
  }
  }

• 测试

  http://localhost/consumer/payment/32

  http://localhost/consumer/payment/create?serial=222

​ 注意

测试一下插入发现成功了,但是数据库没值,只有自增主键,这里插入没成功的原因是,8001的创建参数没加@RequestBody,

4. 工程重构

• 系统中有重复部分,重构

• 新建

  cloud-api-common

• POM

    <dependencies>
  <dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
  <scope>runtime</scope>
  <optional>true</optional>
  </dependency><dependency>
  <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
  <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
  <optional>true</optional>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
  <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
  <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
  <version>5.1.0</version>
  </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  

• entties

  Payment实体、CommonResult通用封装类 进行打包

• maven命令clean install

• 订单80和支付8001分别改造

  1、删除各自的原先的entities文件夹

  2、分别在pom文件中进行配置

  <dependency>
  <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
  <artifactId>cloud-api-common</artifactId>
  <version>${project.version}</version>
  </dependency>