Spring Cloud 网关服务 zuul 动态路由的实现方法

zuul动态路由

网关服务是流量的唯一入口。不能随便停服务。所以动态路由就显得尤为必要。

数据库动态路由基于事件刷新机制热修改zuul的路由属性。

DiscoveryClientRouteLocator

可以看到DiscoveryClientRouteLocator 是默认的刷新的核心处理类。

//重新加载路由信息方法 protected方法。需要子方法重新方法。
protected LinkedHashMap<String, ZuulRoute> locateRoutes()

//触发刷新的方法 RefreshableRouteLocator 接口
public void refresh() {
this.doRefresh();
}

而这俩个方法都是继承与SimpleRouteLocator 类，并进行了重新操作。其实官方的方法注释说明了。如果需要动态读取加载映射关系。则需要子类重写这俩个方法。

进行具体的实现

首先pom jar包导入 需要连接mysql 数据库  

<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!-- jdbc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>

路由实体 ZuulRouteEntity

package com.xian.cloud.entity;

import lombok.Data;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

/**
* <Description> 路由实体类
*
* @author xianliru@100tal.com
* @version 1.0
* @createDate 2019/10/30 15:00
*/
@Data
public class ZuulRouteEntity implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

/**
* router Id
*/
private Integer id;
/**
* 路由路径
*/
private String path;
/**
* 服务名称
*/
private String serviceId;
/**
* url代理
*/
private String url;
/**
* 转发去掉前缀
*/
private String stripPrefix;
/**
* 是否重试
*/
private String retryable;
/**
* 是否启用
*/
private String enabled;
/**
* 敏感请求头
*/
private String sensitiveheadersList;
/**
* 创建时间
*/
private Date createTime;
/**
* 更新时间
*/
private Date updateTime;
/**
* 删除标识（0-正常,1-删除）
*/
private String delFlag;
}

新建DiscoveryRouteLocator 类 父类 接口 都不变化

package com.xian.cloud.router;

import com.google.common.base.Strings;
import com.google.common.collect.Sets;
import com.xian.cloud.entity.ZuulRoute;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.filters.RefreshableRouteLocator;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.filters.SimpleRouteLocator;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.filters.ZuulProperties;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

import java.util.*;

/**
* <Description>
*
* @author xianliru@100tal.com
* @version 1.0
* @createDate 2019/10/30 18:57
*/
@Slf4j
public class DiscoveryRouteLocator extends SimpleRouteLocator implements RefreshableRouteLocator {

private ZuulProperties properties;

private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

public DiscoveryRouteLocator(String servletPath, ZuulProperties properties, JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
super(servletPath, properties);
this.properties = properties;
this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
log.info("servletPath:{}",servletPath);
}

@Override
public void refresh() {
doRefresh();
}

@Override
protected Map<String, ZuulProperties.ZuulRoute> locateRoutes() {
LinkedHashMap<String, ZuulProperties.ZuulRoute> routesMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, ZuulProperties.ZuulRoute>();
//从配置文件中加载路由信息
routesMap.putAll(super.locateRoutes());
//自定义加载路由信息
routesMap.putAll(getRouteList());
//优化一下配置
LinkedHashMap<String, ZuulProperties.ZuulRoute> values = new LinkedHashMap<>();
for (Map.Entry<String, ZuulProperties.ZuulRoute> entry : routesMap.entrySet()) {
String path = entry.getKey();
// Prepend with slash if not already present.
if (!path.startsWith("/")) {
path = "/" + path;
}
if (StringUtils.hasText(this.properties.getPrefix())) {
path = this.properties.getPrefix() + path;
if (!path.startsWith("/")) {
path = "/" + path;
}
}
values.put(path, entry.getValue());
}
return values;
}

/**
* 从数据库读取zuul路由规则
* @return
*/
private LinkedHashMap<String, ZuulProperties.ZuulRoute> getRouteList() {
LinkedHashMap<String, ZuulProperties.ZuulRoute> zuulRoutes = new LinkedHashMap<>();
List<ZuulRoute> sysZuulRoutes = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from sys_zuul_route where del_flag = 0", new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(ZuulRoute.class));

for (ZuulRoute route: sysZuulRoutes) {

// 为空跳过
if (Strings.isNullOrEmpty(route.getPath()) && Strings.isNullOrEmpty(route.getUrl())) {
continue;
}

ZuulProperties.ZuulRoute zuulRoute = new ZuulProperties.ZuulRoute();
try {
zuulRoute.setId(route.getServiceId());
zuulRoute.setPath(route.getPath());
zuulRoute.setServiceId(route.getServiceId());
zuulRoute.setRetryable(Objects.equals("0", route.getRetryable()) ? Boolean.FALSE : Boolean.TRUE);
zuulRoute.setStripPrefix(Objects.equals("0", route.getStripPrefix()) ? Boolean.FALSE : Boolean.TRUE);
zuulRoute.setUrl(route.getUrl());
List<String> sensitiveHeadersList = Arrays.asList(route.getSensitiveheadersList().split(","));
if (sensitiveHeadersList != null) {
Set<String> sensitiveHeaderSet = Sets.newHashSet();
sensitiveHeadersList.forEach(sensitiveHeader -> sensitiveHeaderSet.add(sensitiveHeader));
zuulRoute.setSensitiveHeaders(sensitiveHeaderSet);
zuulRoute.setCustomSensitiveHeaders(true);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("数据库加载配置异常", e);
}
log.info("自定义的路由配置,path：{}，serviceId:{}", zuulRoute.getPath(), zuulRoute.getServiceId());
zuulRoutes.put(zuulRoute.getPath(), zuulRoute);

}
return zuulRoutes;
}
}

我们还需要一个事件的生产者 和 消费者 直接图方便 集成到一个类中

package com.xian.cloud.event;

import com.xian.cloud.router.DiscoveryRouteLocator;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.event.HeartbeatEvent;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.event.HeartbeatMonitor;
import org.springframework.cloud.context.scope.refresh.RefreshScopeRefreshedEvent;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.RoutesRefreshedEvent;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.web.ZuulHandlerMapping;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEventPublisher;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
import org.springframework.context.event.ContextRefreshedEvent;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
* <Description> 路由刷新事件发布，与事件监听者
*
* @author xianliru@100tal.com
* @version 1.0
* @createDate 2019/10/30 15:27
*/
@Service
public class RefreshRouteService implements ApplicationListener<ApplicationEvent> {

@Autowired
private ZuulHandlerMapping zuulHandlerMapping;

private HeartbeatMonitor heartbeatMonitor = new HeartbeatMonitor();

@Autowired
ApplicationEventPublisher publisher;

@Autowired
private DiscoveryRouteLocator dynamicRouteLocator;

/**
* 动态路由实现 调用refreshRoute() 发布刷新路由事件
*/
public void refreshRoute() {
RoutesRefreshedEvent routesRefreshedEvent = new RoutesRefreshedEvent(dynamicRouteLocator);
publisher.publishEvent(routesRefreshedEvent);
}

/**
* 事件监听者。监控检测事件刷新
* @param event
*/
@Override
public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationEvent event) {
if(event instanceof ContextRefreshedEvent || event instanceof RefreshScopeRefreshedEvent || event instanceof RoutesRefreshedEvent){
//主动手动刷新。上下文刷新，配置属性刷新
zuulHandlerMapping.setDirty(true);
}else if(event instanceof HeartbeatEvent){
//心跳触发，将本地映射关系。关联到远程服务上
HeartbeatEvent heartbeatEvent = (HeartbeatEvent)event;
if(heartbeatMonitor.update(heartbeatEvent.getValue())){
zuulHandlerMapping.setDirty(true);
}
}
}
}

对外提供触发接口

package com.xian.cloud.controller;
import com.xian.cloud.event.RefreshRouteService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* <Description> 手动刷新对外接口
*
* @author xianliru@100tal.com
* @version 1.0
* @createDate 2019/10/30 20:23
*/
@RestController
public class RefreshController {
@Autowired
private RefreshRouteService refreshRouteService;
@GetMapping("/refresh")
public String refresh() {
refreshRouteService.refreshRoute();
return "refresh";
}
}

数据库表结构

CREATE TABLE `sys_zuul_route` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'router Id',
`path` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT '路由路径',
`service_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT '服务名称',
`url` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'url代理',
`strip_prefix` char(1) DEFAULT '1' COMMENT '转发去掉前缀',
`retryable` char(1) DEFAULT '1' COMMENT '是否重试',
`enabled` char(1) DEFAULT '1' COMMENT '是否启用',
`sensitiveHeaders_list` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '敏感请求头',
`create_time` timestamp NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间',
`update_time` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '更新时间',
`del_flag` char(1) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '删除标识（0-正常,1-删除）',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=9 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC COMMENT='动态路由配置表'

将配置文件client 消费者服务 路由配置注释掉。设置数据源。从数据库中读取

启动服务打印日志

2019-10-30 20:49:39.946  INFO 63449 --- [TaskScheduler-1] c.xian.cloud.router.DynamicRouteLocator  : 添加数据库自定义的路由配置,path：/client/**，serviceId:cloud-discovery-client
2019-10-30 20:49:40.397  INFO 63449 --- [TaskScheduler-1] c.xian.cloud.router.DynamicRouteLocator  : 添加数据库自定义的路由配置,path：/client/**，serviceId:cloud-discovery-client
postman 请求client 接口 看看是否能转发成功

基于zuul 动态网关路由完成。

总结

以上所述是小编给大家介绍的Spring Cloud 网关服务 zuul  动态路由的实现方法,希望对大家有所帮助，如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言，小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对脚本之家网站的支持！
如果你觉得本文对你有帮助，欢迎转载，烦请注明出处，谢谢！

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