django框架两个使用模板实例
2019-12-12 12:10
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本文实例讲述了django框架使用模板。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
models.py：
from django.db import models # Create your models here. class Book(models.Model): title=models.CharField(max_length=32,unique=True) price=models.DecimalField(max_digits=8,decimal_places=2,null=True) pub_date=models.DateField() publish=models.CharField(max_length=32) is_pub=models.BooleanField(default=True) authors=models.ManyToManyField(to="Author") class AuthorDetail(models.Model): gf=models.CharField(max_length=32) tel=models.CharField(max_length=32) class Author(models.Model): name=models.CharField(max_length=32) age=models.IntegerField() # 与AuthorDetail建立一对一的关系 # ad=models.ForeignKey(to="AuthorDetail",to_field="id",on_delete=models.CASCADE,unique=True) #OneToOneField 表示创建一对一关系。on_delete=models.CASCADE 表示级联删除。假设a表删除了一条记录，b表也还会删除对应的记录 ad=models.OneToOneField(to="AuthorDetail",to_field="id",on_delete=models.CASCADE,)
urls.py：
from django.conf.urls import url from django.contrib import admin from app01 import views urlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), # url(r'',views.index),#这一条不能放上面，会造成死循环 url(r'index/$',views.index), url(r'books/add/$',views.add), url(r'books/manage/',views.manage), url(r'books/delete/(?P<id>\d+)',views.delete), url(r'books/modify/(?P<id>\d+)',views.modify), ]
views.py：
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from app01 import models
# Create your views here.
def index(request):
ret=models.Book.objects.all().exists()#True 和 False
if ret:
book_list=models.Book.objects.all()
return render(request,'index.html',{'book_list':book_list})
else:
# hint='<script>alert("没有书籍，请添加书籍")；window.location.href="/books/add" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" </script>'
hint='<script>alert("没有书籍，请添加书籍");window.location.href="/books/add/" rel="external nofollow" </script>'
return HttpResponse(hint)
def add(request):
if request.method=="POST":
title=request.POST.get("title")
price=request.POST.get("price")
pub_date=request.POST.get("pub_date")
publish=request.POST.get("publish")
is_pub=request.POST.get("is_pub")
#插入一条记录
obj=models.Book.objects.create(title=title,price=price,publish=publish,pub_date=pub_date,is_pub=is_pub)
print(obj.title)
hint = '<script>alert("添加成功");window.location.href="/index/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" </script>'
return HttpResponse(hint)
return render(request,"add.html")
def manage(request):
ret=models.Book.objects.all().exists()
print(ret)
if ret:
book_list=models.Book.objects.all()
return render(request,"manage.html",{"book_list":book_list})
else:
hint='<script>alert("没有书籍，请添加书籍");window.location.href="/books/add" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" </script>'
return HttpResponse(hint)
def delete(request,id):
ret=models.Book.objects.filter(id=id).delete()
print('删除记录%s'%ret)
if ret[0]:
hint='<script>alert("删除成功");window.location.href="/index/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" </script>'
return HttpResponse(hint)
else:
hint='<script>alert("删除失败");window.location.href="/index/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" </script>'
return HttpResponse(hint)
def modify(request,id):
if request.method=="POST":
title=request.POST.get('title')
price = request.POST.get("price")
pub_date = request.POST.get("pub_date")
publish = request.POST.get("publish")
is_pub = request.POST.get("is_pub")
# 更新一条记录
ret = models.Book.objects.filter(id=id).update(title=title, price=price, publish=publish, pub_date=pub_date,
is_pub=is_pub)
print('更新记录%s'%ret)
if ret: # 判断返回值为1
hint = '<script>alert("修改成功");window.location.href="/index/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" </script>'
return HttpResponse(hint) # js跳转
else: # 返回为0
hint = '<script>alert("修改失败");window.location.href="/index/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" </script>'
return HttpResponse(hint) # js跳转
book=models.Book.objects.get(id=id)
return render(request,"modify.html",{"book":book})
index.html:
{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% block title %}
<title>查看书籍</title>
{% endblock title %}
{% block content %}
<h3>查看书籍</h3>
<table class="table table-hover table-striped ">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>名称</th>
<th>价格</th>
<th>出版日期</th>
<th>出版社</th>
<th>是否出版</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for book in book_list %}
<tr>
<td>{{ book.title }}</td>
<td>{{ book.price }}</td>
<td>{{ book.pub_date|date:"Y-m-d" }}</td>
<td>{{ book.publish }}</td>
<td>
{% if book.is_pub %}
已出版
{% else %}
未出版
{% endif %}
</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
{% endblock content %}
add.html：
{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% block title %}
<title>添加书籍</title>
{% endblock title %}
{% block content %}
<h3>添加书籍</h3>
<form action="" method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
<div class="form-group">
<label for="">书籍名称</label>
<input type="text" name="title" class="form-control">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="">价格</label>
<input type="text" name="price" class="form-control">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="">出版日期</label>
<input type="date" name="pub_date" class="form-control">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="">出版社</label>
<input type="text" name="publish" class="form-control">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="">是否出版</label>
<select name="is_pub" id="" class="form-control">
<option value="1">已出版</option>
<option value="0" selected="selected">未出版</option>
</select>
</div>
<input type="submit" class="btn btn-success pull-right" value="添加">
</form>
{% endblock content %}
base.html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
{% block title %}
<title>Title</title>
{% endblock title %}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" >
<style>
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
.header {
width: 100%;
height: 60px;
background-color: #369;
}
.title {
line-height: 60px;
color: white;
font-weight: 100;
margin-left: 20px;
font-size: 20px;
}
.container{
margin-top: 20px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="header">
<p class="title">
书籍操作
</p>
</div>
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-3">
<div class="panel panel-danger">
<div class="panel-heading"><a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/index/" rel="external nofollow" >查看书籍</a></div>
<div class="panel-body">
Panel content
</div>
</div>
<div class="panel panel-success">
<div class="panel-heading"><a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/books/add/" rel="external nofollow" >添加书籍</a></div>
<div class="panel-body">
Panel content
</div>
</div>
<div class="panel panel-warning">
<div class="panel-heading"><a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/books/manage/" rel="external nofollow" >管理书籍</a></div>
<div class="panel-body">
Panel content
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-9">
{% block content %}
{% endblock content %}
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
manage.py：
{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% block title %}
<title>管理书籍</title>
{% endblock title %}
{% block content %}
<h3>管理书籍</h3>
<table class="table table-hover table-striped ">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>名称</th>
<th>价格</th>
<th>出版日期</th>
<th>出版社</th>
<th>是否出版</th>
<th>删除</th>
<th>编辑</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for book in book_list %}
<tr>
<td>{{ book.title }}</td>
<td>{{ book.price }}</td>
<td>{{ book.pub_date|date:"Y-m-d" }}</td>
<td>{{ book.publish }}</td>
<td>
{% if book.is_pub %}
已出版
{% else %}
未出版
{% endif %}
</td>
<td>
<a href="/books/delete/{{ book.id }}" rel="external nofollow" >
<button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-toggle="modal" id="modelBtn">删除</button>
</a>
</td>
<td>
<a href="/books/modify/{{ book.id }}" rel="external nofollow" >
<button type="button" class="btn btn-success" data-toggle="modal">编辑</button>
</a>
</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
{% endblock content %}
modify.py:
{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% block title %}
<title>修改书籍</title>
{% endblock title %}
{% block content %}
<h3>修改书籍</h3>
<form action="" method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
<div class="form-group">
<label for="">书籍名称</label>
<input type="text" name="title" class="form-control" value="{{ book.title }}">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="">价格</label>
<input type="text" name="price" class="form-control" value="{{ book.price }}">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="">出版日期</label>
<input type="date" name="pub_date" class="form-control" value="{{ book.pub_date|date:"Y-m-d" }}">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="">出版社</label>
<input type="text" name="publish" class="form-control" value="{{ book.publish }}">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="">是否出版</label>
<select name="is_pub" id="" class="form-control">
{% if book.is_pub %}
<option value="1" selected="selected">已出版</option>
<option value="0">未出版</option>
{% else %}
<option value="1">已出版</option>
<option value="0" selected="selected">未出版</option>
{% endif %}
</select>
</div>
<input type="submit" class="btn btn-default pull-right" value="修改">
</form>
{% endblock content %}
django使用一对多和多对多关系建表之后的增删改查
-------models.py-----
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Book(models.Model):
title=models.CharField(max_length=32)
price=models.DecimalField(max_digits=6,decimal_places=2)
create_time=models.DateField()
memo=models.CharField(max_length=32,default="")
publish=models.ForeignKey(to="Publish",default=1)
author=models.ManyToManyField("Author")#on_delete=models.CASCADE()默认级联删除
def __str__(self):
return self.title
class Publish(models.Model):
name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
email=models.CharField(max_length=32)
class Author(models.Model):
name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
def __str__(self): return self.name
-----urls.py----
from django.conf.urls import url,include from django.contrib import admin from app01 import views urlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'^books/$',views.books), #查看 url(r'^addbook/$',views.addbook), #增加 url(r'^delbook/(\d+)/$',views.delbook), #删除 url(r'editbook/(\d+)/$',views.editbook), #修改 ]
----views.py 在app01下面-------
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect
from .models import *
def books(request):
book_list=Book.objects.all()
return render(request,"books.html",locals())
def addbook(request):
if request.method=="POST":
title=request.POST.get("title") #get方法取的是html页面中的name属性
price= request.POST.get("price")
date = request.POST.get("date")
publish_id=request.POST.get("publish_id")
# author_id_list = request.POST.get("author_id_list") #此方法只能取到最后一个值
author_id_list = request.POST.getlist("author_id_list") #有多个值的注意要用getlist
#绑定书籍与出版社一对多的关系
obj=Book.objects.create(title=title,price=price,create_time=date,publish_id=publish_id)
#绑定书籍与作者多对多的关系
obj.author.add(*author_id_list)
# obj.author.remove(1,2) #解除关系
# obj.author.clear() #清空所有关系
return redirect("/books/")
else:
publish_list=Publish.objects.all()
author_list=Author.objects.all()
return render(request,"addbook.html",locals())
def delbook(request,id):
Book.objects.filter(id=id).delete()
return redirect("/books/")
def editbook(request,id):
if request.method=="POST":
title=request.POST.get("title") #get方法取的是html页面中的name属性
price=request.POST.get("price")
date=request.POST.get("date")
publish_id=request.POST.get("publish_id")
author_id_list=request.POST.getlist("author_id_list")
Book.objects.filter(id=id).update(title=title,price=price,create_time=date,publish_id=publish_id)
book=Book.objects.filter(id=id).first()
# book.author.clear()
# book.author.add(*author_id_list)
book.author.set(author_id_list) #相当于上面两条
return redirect ("/books/")
edit_obj=Book.objects.filter(id=id).first() #加first从queryset得到 models对象
publish_list = Publish.objects.all()
author_list = Author.objects.all()
return render(request,"editbook.html",locals())
----books.html----
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bs/css/bootstrap.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
</head>
<body>
<div class="container" style="margin-top:100px">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">
<a href="/addbook/" rel="external nofollow" ><button class="btn btn-primary">添加数据</button></a>
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>序号</th>
<th>书名</th>
<th>价格</th>
<th>出版时间</th>
<th>出版社</th>
<th>作者</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for book in book_list %}
<tr>
<td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
<td>{{ book.title }}</td>
<td>{{ book.price }}</td>
<td>{{ book.create_time|date:"Y-m-d" }}</td>
<td>{{ book.publish.name }}</td>
<td> {% for author in book.author.all %}
{{ author.name }}
{% if not forloop.last %}
,
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
</td>
<td>
<a href="/delbook/{{ book.pk }}/" rel="external nofollow" >删除</a>
<a href="/editbook/{{ book.pk }}/" rel="external nofollow" >编辑</a>
</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
-----addbook.html-----
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bs/css/bootstrap.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
</head>
<body>
<div class="container" style="margin-top:100px">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">
<form action="/addbook/" method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
<p>书籍名称<input type="text" name="title"></p>
<p>书籍价格<input type="text" name="price"></p>
<p>出版日期<input type="text" name="date"></p>
<p><select name="publish_id" id="">
{% for publish in publish_list %}
<option value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option>
{% endfor %}
</select>
</p>
<p><select name="author_id_list" id="" multiple>
{% for author in author_list %}
<option value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option>
{% endfor %}
</select>
</p>
<input type="submit" class="btn btn-default">
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
-------editbook.html-----
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bs/css/bootstrap.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
</head>
<body>
<div class="container" style="margin-top:100px">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">
<form action="/editbook/{{ edit_obj.id }}/" method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
<p>书籍名称<input type="text" name="title" value="{{ edit_obj.title }}"></p>
<p>书籍价格<input type="text" name="price" value="{{ edit_obj.price }}"></p>
<p>出版日期<input type="text" name="date" value="{{ edit_obj.create_time|date:"Y-m-d" }}"></p>
<p><select name="publish_id" id="">
{% for publish in publish_list %}
{% if edit_obj.publish == publish %}
<option selected value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option>
{% else %}
<option value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option>
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
</select>
</p>
<p><select name="author_id_list" id="" multiple>
{% for author in author_list %}
{% if author in edit_obj.author.all %}
<option selected value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option>
{% else %}
<option value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option>
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
</select>
</p>
<input type="submit" class="btn btn-default">
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
希望本文所述对大家基于Django框架的Python程序设计有所帮助。
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