java ReentrantLock详解
介绍
ReentrantLock称为重入锁，比内部锁synchonized拥有更强大的功能，它可中断、可定时、设置公平锁
【注】使用ReentrantLock时，一定要释放锁，一般释放放到finnal里写。
提供以下重要的方法
- lock():获得锁，如果锁已被占用，则等待
- lockInterruptibly():获得锁，但有限响应中断
- unlock():释放锁
- tryLock():尝试获取锁。如果获得，返回true；否则返回false
- tryLock(long time, TimeUnit unit):在给定时间内获得锁。如果获得返回true；否则返回false
示例
例子1
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
public class ReentrantLockTest {
ReentrantLock lock;
ReentrantLockTest(ReentrantLock lock) {
this.lock = lock;
}
private Runnable getRunnable() {
return new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
while(true) {
try {
if (lock.tryLock()) {
try {
System.out.println("Locked:" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
Thread.sleep(800);
} finally {
lock.unlock();
System.out.println("UnLocked:" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
System.out.println("break before");
break;
} else {
//System.out.println("Unable to lock " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
} catch (InterruptedException e){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread() + " is Interupted");
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
};
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
ReentrantLockTest test = new ReentrantLockTest(lock);
ReentrantLockTest test2 = new ReentrantLockTest(lock);
Thread thread1 = new Thread(test.getRunnable(), "firstThread");
Thread thread2 = new Thread(test2.getRunnable(), "secondThread");
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
try {
Thread.sleep(300);
}catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("interupt begin");
thread2.interrupt();
System.out.println("interupt end");
}
}
一次执行结果：
Locked:firstThread
interupt begin
interupt end
UnLocked:firstThread
break before
Locked:secondThread
UnLocked:secondThread
Thread[secondThread,5,main] is Interupted
java.lang.InterruptedException: sleep interrupted
at java.lang.Thread.sleep(Native Method)
at com.jihite.templet.JavaBase.ReentrantLockTest$1.run(ReentrantLockTest.java:23)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Locked:secondThread
UnLocked:secondThread
break before
分析：firstThread执行，secondThread不停的判断是否可以获得锁，当firstThread执行完，secondThread执行后被打断
例子2
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
public class ReentrantLockTest {
ReentrantLock lock;
ReentrantLockTest(ReentrantLock lock) {
this.lock = lock;
}
private Runnable getRunnable() {
return new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
while(true) {
try {
if (lock.tryLock(700, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
try {
System.out.println("Locked:" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
Thread.sleep(800);
} finally {
lock.unlock();
System.out.println("UnLocked:" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
System.out.println("break before");
break;
} else {
//System.out.println("Unable to lock " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
} catch (InterruptedException e){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread() + " is Interupted");
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
};
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
ReentrantLockTest test = new ReentrantLockTest(lock);
ReentrantLockTest test2 = new ReentrantLockTest(lock);
Thread thread1 = new Thread(test.getRunnable(), "firstThread");
Thread thread2 = new Thread(test2.getRunnable(), "secondThread");
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
try {
Thread.sleep(300);
}catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("interupt begin");
thread2.interrupt();
System.out.println("interupt end");
}
}
一次执行结果
Locked:firstThread
interupt begin
interupt end
Thread[secondThread,5,main] is Interupted
java.lang.InterruptedException
at java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.doAcquireNanos(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java:936)
at java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.tryAcquireNanos(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java:1247)
at java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock.tryLock(ReentrantLock.java:442)
at com.jihite.templet.JavaBase.ReentrantLockTest$1.run(ReentrantLockTest.java:19)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Locked:secondThread
UnLocked:firstThread
break before
UnLocked:secondThread
break before
分析：firstThread执行，secondThread等待，等待过程被打断。打断后firstThread执行结束了，secondThread得到锁，继续执行
例子3
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
public class ReentrantLockTest2 {
ReentrantLock lock;
ReentrantLockTest2(ReentrantLock lock) {
this.lock = lock;
}
private Runnable getRunnable() {
return new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
try {
try {
lock.lock();
// lock.lockInterruptibly();
System.out.println("Locked:" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
Thread.sleep(800);
break;
} finally {
lock.unlock();
System.out.println("UnLocked:" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
};
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
ReentrantLockTest2 test = new ReentrantLockTest2(lock);
ReentrantLockTest2 test2 = new ReentrantLockTest2(lock);
Thread thread1 = new Thread(test.getRunnable(), "firstThread");
Thread thread2 = new Thread(test2.getRunnable(), "secondThread");
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
try {
Thread.sleep(600);
}catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("interupt begin");
thread2.interrupt();
System.out.println("interupt end");
}
}
一次执行结果
Locked:firstThread
interupt begin
interupt end
UnLocked:firstThread
Locked:secondThread
UnLocked:secondThread
java.lang.InterruptedException: sleep interrupted
at java.lang.Thread.sleep(Native Method)
at com.jihite.templet.JavaBase.ReentrantLockTest2$1.run(ReentrantLockTest2.java:22)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Locked:secondThread
UnLocked:secondThread
分析：firstThread先获得锁执行，secondThread在等待，此时中断并未打断等待。firstThread执行完，secondThread获取后被打断
例子4
public class ReentrantLockTest2 {
ReentrantLock lock;
ReentrantLockTest2(ReentrantLock lock) {
this.lock = lock;
}
private Runnable getRunnable() {
return new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
try {
try {
// lock.lock();
lock.lockInterruptibly();
System.out.println("Locked:" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
Thread.sleep(800);
break;
} finally {
lock.unlock();
System.out.println("UnLocked:" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
};
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
ReentrantLockTest2 test = new ReentrantLockTest2(lock);
ReentrantLockTest2 test2 = new ReentrantLockTest2(lock);
Thread thread1 = new Thread(test.getRunnable(), "firstThread");
Thread thread2 = new Thread(test2.getRunnable(), "secondThread");
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
try {
Thread.sleep(600);
}catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("interupt begin");
thread2.interrupt();
System.out.println("interupt end");
}
}
一次执行结果
Locked:firstThread
interupt begin
interupt end
Exception in thread "secondThread" java.lang.IllegalMonitorStateException
at java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock$Sync.tryRelease(ReentrantLock.java:151)
at java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.release(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java:1261)
at java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock.unlock(ReentrantLock.java:457)
at com.jihite.templet.JavaBase.ReentrantLockTest2$1.run(ReentrantLockTest2.java:25)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
分析：lock.lockInterruptibly();在执行过程中可以响应中断时间
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