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sql50题带建表语句带详细答案(sql高阶函数详解)

2019-03-23 10:22 176 查看

1. sql基础

)

建表语句

--建表
--学生表
CREATE TABLE `Student`(
`s_id` VARCHAR(20),
`s_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`s_birth` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`s_sex` VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
PRIMARY KEY(`s_id`)
);
--课程表
CREATE TABLE `Course`(
`c_id`  VARCHAR(20),
`c_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`t_id` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(`c_id`)
);
--教师表
CREATE TABLE `Teacher`(
`t_id` VARCHAR(20),
`t_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
PRIMARY KEY(`t_id`)
);
--成绩表
CREATE TABLE `Score`(
`s_id` VARCHAR(20),
`c_id`  VARCHAR(20),
`s_score` INT(3),
PRIMARY KEY(`s_id`,`c_id`)
);
--插入学生表测试数据
insert into Student values('01' , '赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , '男');
insert into Student values('02' , '钱电' , '1990-12-21' , '男');
insert into Student values('03' , '孙风' , '1990-05-20' , '男');
insert into Student values('04' , '李云' , '1990-08-06' , '男');
insert into Student values('05' , '周梅' , '1991-12-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('06' , '吴兰' , '1992-03-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('07' , '郑竹' , '1989-07-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('08' , '王菊' , '1990-01-20' , '女');
--课程表测试数据
insert into Course values('01' , '语文' , '02');
insert into Course values('02' , '数学' , '01');
insert into Course values('03' , '英语' , '03');

--教师表测试数据
insert into Teacher values('01' , '张三');
insert into Teacher values('02' , '李四');
insert into Teacher values('03' , '王五');

--成绩表测试数据
insert into Score values('01' , '01' , 80);
insert into Score values('01' , '02' , 90);
insert into Score values('01' , '03' , 99);
insert into Score values('02' , '01' , 70);
insert into Score values('02' , '02' , 60);
insert into Score values('02' , '03' , 80);
insert into Score values('03' , '01' , 80);
insert into Score values('03' , '02' , 80);
insert into Score values('03' , '03' , 80);
insert into Score values('04' , '01' , 50);
insert into Score values('04' , '02' , 30);
insert into Score values('04' , '03' , 20);
insert into Score values('05' , '01' , 76);
insert into Score values('05' , '02' , 87);
insert into Score values('06' , '01' , 31);
insert into Score values('06' , '03' , 34);
insert into Score values('07' , '02' , 89);
insert into Score values('07' , '03' , 98);
---------------------
作者:启明星的指引
来源:CSDN
原文:https://blog.csdn.net/fashion2014/article/details/78826299/
版权声明:本文为博主原创文章,转载请附上博文链接!

1.1 主表&从表关系

  • 主表中有的主键对应的列值,从表中可以没有和这个列值对应的数据,

    主表中没有的主键对应的列值,从表中一定不能有这个列值对应的数据

  • join连接关系

  • 先分组,再排序

1.2 mysql语句顺序

  • 查询书写格式

    select...(avg(),sum())from...left join...on...
    where...group by...
    order by...asc/desc
    limit ...
  • 执行顺序

    form...on...left join...where...
    group by...
    avg(),sum()...having...
    select...
    order by...asc/desc
    limit...
    列别名, 不要在条件中使用, 因为类别名在select后面
  • 表别名可以在条件中使用, from后面是表别名

1.3 window系统mysql运行远程访问

  • 截断表 truncate table xxx;

  • window系统mysql修改权限

    mysql -uroot -proot
    use mysql;
    create

1. 12/24

-- 1、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数
SELECT a.*, b.s_score AS 01_score, c.s_score AS 02_score FROM
student a JOIN score b ON a.s_id = b.s_id AND b.c_id = '01'
LEFT JOIN score c ON a.s_id = c.s_id AND c.c_id = '02' OR c.c_id = NULL WHERE b.s_score > c.s_score;

-- 或者
SELECT * (SELECT a.*, b.s_score AS 01_score, c.s_score AS 02_score FROM
student a JOIN score b ON a.s_id = b.s_id AND b.c_id = '01'
LEFT JOIN score c ON a.s_id = c.s_id AND c.c_id = '02' OR c.c_id = NULL) d WHERE d.01_01_score > d.02_score;

1.1 多表查询规律

  • 要先把学生表,成绩表关联起来—关键就是s_id 和 c_id
  • 学生表a join 成绩表b 得到学生的语文成绩, 再left join on 成绩表c 得到语文, 数学成绩完整的表
  • 再得到一张大表的基础上 语文成绩大于数学成绩

2. 12/26

-- 2、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩低的学生的信息及课程分数

select a.* ,b.s_score as 01_score,c.s_score as 02_score from
student a left join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id and b.c_id='01' or b.c_id=NULL
join score c on a.s_id=c.s_id and c.c_id='02' where b.s_score<c.s_score

3. 12/27

-- 3、查询平均成绩大于等于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩**
select b.s_id,b.s_name,ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2) as avg_score from
student b
join score a on b.s_id = a.s_id
GROUP BY b.s_id,b.s_name HAVING ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2)>=60;
  • hql查询语句结构

  • hql语句执行顺序:

    无作为连接 先from–>where–>group by–>having–>avg , sum --> select–>order by

    有连接查询 form–>on–>join–>where–>group by–>avg,sum–>having–>select–>distinct–>order by–>limit

  • having 后面跟的条件, 不要写select 中起的别名, 要写起别名之前的原名

      因为先group by xxx having xxx, 再select xxx起别名
  • 原表的别名, 后面都可以使用, 因为是先from 表名 别名

  • 根据平均成绩排序: order by 的条件,

      一定要写别名, 因为最后才排序的, 最后已经将查询结果揉成一张大表了,
    • 大表的字段就是select 后面的字段 , 所以就不认识原名了, 只认识别名了
  • 模糊查询

      _ 代表一个
    • % 代表多个
    • rlike ‘[9]’ 含有9的
    • like关键字
  • 排序

      order by xxx asc/desc : 全局排序, 只能有一个reduce
    • sort by xxx asc/desc: map端排序, 局部排序
    • distribute by 分区字段 + sort by 排序字段 asc/desc : 分区排序
    • cluster by 字段: 分区字段&排序字段相同时使用 --> 只能倒序,也就是降序

    4. 12/28

    -- 4、查询平均成绩小于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩
    -- (包括有成绩的和无成绩的)
    select b.s_id,b.s_name,ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2) as avg_score from
    student b
    left join score a on b.s_id = a.s_id
    GROUP BY b.s_id,b.s_name HAVING ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2)<60
    union all
    select a.s_id,a.s_name,0 as avg_score from
    student a
    where a.s_id not in (
    select distinct s_id from score);
    • hql 联合查询是union all

    • hql中不能省略all, sql中可以省略all

    • sql语句别名

      想添加一列并且给列赋值 select 0 as avg_score, 查出的数据后面添加一列avg_score,列值均为0
    • 想给原表中的一列起别名 select round(avg(a.s_score),2) as avg_score–> 平均值赋值给了avg_score(新列值)

    以上原理是一样的, 就是可以在原有查询数据基础上,添加列明&列值

    5. 12/29

    -- 5、查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩
    select a.s_id,a.s_name,count(b.c_id) as sum_course,sum(b.s_score) as sum_score --4
    from student a ---1
    left join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id--2
    GROUP BY a.s_id,a.s_name;---3
    • 收获一定要注意思路和查询顺序 先把两张表结合起来
    • 再分组,
    • 再求b.c_id的count 和b.s_score的sum
    • sum()是每个组中的s_score的和, count()是求每个组中c_id的个数

    6. 12/30

    -- 6、查询"李"姓老师的数量
    select count(t.t_id) from teacher t where t.t_name like '%李%' group by t.t_id;
    
    -- 7、查询学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息
    SELECT stu.* FROM student stu LEFT JOIN score sco ON stu.s_id = sco.s_id WHERE sco.c_id = (SELECT c.c_id FROM course c WHERE c.t_id=(SELECT t.t_id FROM teacher t WHERE t.t_name='张三'));

    7. 12/31

    -- 8、查询没学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息
    SELECT s.* FROM student s WHERE s.s_id NOT IN
    (
    SELECT stu.s_id FROM student stu LEFT JOIN score sco ON stu.s_id = sco.s_id
    WHERE sco.c_id =(SELECT c.c_id FROM course c LEFT JOIN teacher t ON c.t_id=t.t_id WHERE 	t.t_name='张三')
    )
    -- 9、查询学过编号为"01"并且也学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息
    SELECT a.* FROM student a
    LEFT JOIN score b ON a.s_id = b.s_id
    LEFT JOIN score c ON a.s_id = c.s_id
    WHERE b.c_id = '01' AND c.c_id ='02';
    -- 10、查询学过编号为"01"但是没有学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息
    SELECT * FROM student WHERE s_id IN
    (SELECT s_id FROM score WHERE c_id = '01') AND
    s_id NOT IN (SELECT s_id FROM score WHERE c_id = '02')

    7.1 什么时候用left join , 什么时候不用

    • 成绩表score只是有单一的成绩, 姓名&学生编号会重复, student表–>score表是一对多
    • 如果需求是多科成绩之间的比较, 就需要student left join score
    • 如果不涉及多科, 就不需要left join了,
    • 涉及几科, student就left join几次score, 每次关联就取一科成绩

    8. 1/1

    -- 11、查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息
    SELECT a.* FROM student a LEFT JOIN score b ON a.s_id = b.s_id GROUP BY a.s_id
    HAVING a.s_id NOT IN
    (SELECT s_id AS cts FROM score GROUP BY s_id HAVING COUNT(*) = 3);
    -- 12、查询至少有一门课与学号为"01"的同学所学相同的同学的信息
    SELECT * FROM student WHERE s_id IN
    (SELECT s_id FROM score WHERE c_id IN
    (SELECT c_id FROM score WHERE s_id = '01') GROUP BY s_id);

    9. 1/2

    -- 13、查询和"01"号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学的信息
    SELECT * FROM student WHERE s_id IN
    (SELECT a.s_id FROM
    (SELECT s_id, COUNT(*) AS cts FROM score WHERE c_id IN
    (SELECT c_id FROM score WHERE s_id = '01') GROUP BY s_id
    HAVING cts = (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM score WHERE s_id = '01')) a WHERE a.s_id !='01')
    
    -- 14、查询没学过"张三"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名
    SELECT s_name FROM student WHERE s_id NOT IN
    (SELECT s_id FROM score WHERE c_id =
    (SELECT c_id FROM course WHERE t_id =
    (SELECT t_id FROM teacher WHERE t_name = '张三')));

    10. 1/3

    -- 15、查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号,姓名及其平均成绩
    SELECT a.s_id, a.s_name, AVG(b.s_score) FROM student a
    LEFT JOIN score b ON a.s_id = b.s_id WHERE b.s_score < 60 OR b.s_score IS NULL
    GROUP BY a.s_id
    -- 16、检索"01"课程分数小于60,按分数降序排列的学生信息
    SELECT a.*, b.c_id, b.s_score FROM student a
    LEFT JOIN score b ON a.s_id = b.s_id
    WHERE b.c_id = '01' AND b.s_score < 60
    ORDER BY b.s_score DESC;

    10.1 判断为null

    where xxx is null 或者where xxx is not null

    11. 1/4

    -- 17、按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的所有课程的成绩以及平均成绩
    SELECT tempA.*, tempB.avgs FROM
    (SELECT a.*, b.s_score AS '01', c.s_score AS '02', d.s_score AS '03' FROM student a
    LEFT JOIN score b ON a.s_id = b.s_id AND b.c_id = '01'
    LEFT JOIN score c ON a.s_id = c.s_id AND c.c_id = '02'
    LEFT JOIN score d ON a.s_id = d.s_id AND d.c_id = '03') tempA LEFT JOIN
    (SELECT a.s_id, ROUND(AVG(b.s_score),2) AS avgs FROM student a
    LEFT JOIN score b ON a.s_id = b.s_id
    GROUP BY a.s_id
    ORDER BY avgs DESC) tempB ON tempA.s_id = tempB.s_id;

    12. 1/5

    -- 18.查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分:以如下形式显示:课程ID,课程name,最高分,最低分,平均分,及格率,中等率,优良率,优秀率         及格为>=60,中等为:70-80,优良为:80-90,优秀为:>=90
    SELECT s.c_id AS 课程ID, c.c_name AS 课程NAME, ROUND(MAX(s.s_score),2) AS 最高分, ROUND(MIN(s.s_score),2) AS 最低分, ROUND(AVG(s.s_score),2) AS 平均分,
    ROUND((SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN b.s_score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) FROM score b WHERE b.c_id = s.c_id)/
    (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM score a WHERE a.c_id = s.c_id),2) AS 及格率,
    ROUND((SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN b.s_score >= 70 AND b.s_score < 80 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) FROM score b WHERE b.c_id = s.c_id)/
    (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM score a WHERE a.c_id = s.c_id),2) AS 中等率,
    ROUND((SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN b.s_score >= 80 AND b.s_score < 90 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) FROM score b WHERE b.c_id = s.c_id)/
    (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM score a WHERE a.c_id = s.c_id),2) AS 优良率,
    ROUND((SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN b.s_score >= 90 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) FROM score b WHERE b.c_id = s.c_id)/
    (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM score a WHERE a.c_id = s.c_id),2) AS 优秀率
    FROM score s LEFT JOIN course c ON s.c_id = c.c_id
    GROUP BY s.c_id;

    12.1 myql流程控制函数之case

    • 基本语法

      select xxx, xxx, -- 一定要有逗号
      case
      when 条件1 then 条件1查询结果对应的列值,
      when 条件2 then 条件2查询结果对应的列值,
      else 不符合以上条件对应的列值,
      end 查询结果对应的列名 -- 一定不可以有逗号
      from 表名;
    • case when … else… end… 就是把查询结果单独赋值,单独赋列名

    13. 1/8

    -- 19、按各科成绩进行排序,并显示排名
    -- 成绩相同不并列
    SELECT ss01.*, @rank1 := @rank1 + 1 AS rank
    FROM (SELECT c_id, s_score, s_id FROM score WHERE c_id = '01' ORDER BY s_score DESC) ss01,
    (SELECT @rank1 := 0) r
    UNION ALL
    SELECT ss02.*, @rank2 := @rank2 + 1 AS rank
    FROM (SELECT c_id, s_score, s_id FROM score WHERE c_id = '02' ORDER BY s_score DESC) ss02,
    (SELECT @rank2 := 0) r
    UNION ALL
    SELECT ss03.*, @rank3 := @rank3 + 1 AS rank
    FROM (SELECT c_id, s_score, s_id FROM score WHERE c_id = '03' ORDER BY s_score DESC) ss03,
    (SELECT @rank3 := 0) r;

    13.1 rank函数

    • 语法

      -- 1,2,3 顺序排名
      select @rank := @rank + 1 as rank from (select * from 表名 where xxx=xxx order by xxx desc) 表名, (select @rank := 0) r
      -- 1,1,2 并列排名
      select t1.*,
      (case when @avgScore = t1.s_score then @rank
      when @avgScore := t1.s_score THEN @rank := @rank+1 end) as rank
      from (SELECT * FROM score WHERE c_id= '01' ORDER BY s_score DESC) t1,
      (SELECT @rank := 0, @avgScore := 0)
    • union all使用

    • order by & union all 使用

    • rank使用

    13.2 :=和=区别

    • := 代表赋值,
    • = 代表判断

    14. 1/9

    -- 20、查询学生的总成绩并进行排名 ?? 并列排名
    SELECT s.s_id, s.sums, @rank := @rank + 1 AS 总成绩排名
    FROM (SELECT s_id, SUM(s_score) AS sums FROM score GROUP BY s_id ORDER BY sums DESC) s,
    (SELECT @rank := 0) r

    15. 1/11

    -- 21、查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示
    SELECT c.t_id, c.c_id, c.c_name,t.t_name, AVG(s.s_score) AS avgs FROM score s
    LEFT JOIN course c ON s.c_id = c.c_id
    LEFT JOIN teacher t ON c.t_id = t.t_id
    GROUP BY t.t_id
    ORDER BY avgs DESC

    16. 1/12

    --  22、查询所有课程的成绩第2名到第3名的学生信息及该课程成绩(采取的是1,1,2的方式进行排名)
    SELECT student.*,tt.c_id,tt.s_score,tt.rank FROM
    (
    SELECT t1.*,
    (CASE WHEN @avgScore = t1.s_score THEN @rank1
    WHEN @avgScore := t1.s_score THEN @rank1 := @rank1+1 END) AS rank
    FROM (SELECT * FROM score WHERE c_id= '01' ORDER BY s_score DESC) t1,(SELECT @rank1:=0,@avgScore:=0)r
    UNION ALL
    SELECT t1.*,
    (CASE WHEN @avgScore = t1.s_score THEN @rank2
    WHEN @avgScore := t1.s_score THEN @rank2 := @rank2+1 END) AS rank
    FROM (SELECT * FROM score WHERE c_id= '02' ORDER BY s_score DESC) t1,(SELECT @rank2:=0,@avgScore:=0)r
    UNION ALL
    SELECT t1.*,
    (CASE WHEN @avgScore = t1.s_score THEN @rank3
    WHEN @avgScore := t1.s_score THEN @rank3 := @rank3+1 END) AS rank
    FROM (SELECT * FROM score WHERE c_id= '03' ORDER BY s_score DESC) t1,(SELECT @rank3:=0,@avgScore:=0)r
    ) tt LEFT JOIN student ON tt.s_id = student.s_id
    WHERE tt.rank = 2 OR tt.rank = 3

    17. 1/14

    -- 23、统计各科成绩各分数段人数:课程编号,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[0-60]及所占百分比
    SELECT c.*,
    (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM score s WHERE s.s_score >= 85 AND s.s_score <= 100 AND s.c_id = c.c_id) AS `[100-85]`,
    CONCAT(
    ROUND(100 * (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM score s WHERE s.s_score >= 85 AND s.s_score <= 100 AND s.c_id = c.c_id)/
    (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM score s WHERE s.c_id = c.c_id),2),
    '%') AS '[100-85]占比',
    (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM score s WHERE s.s_score >= 70 AND s.s_score < 85 AND s.c_id = c.c_id) AS `[85-70]`,
    CONCAT(
    ROUND(100 * (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM score s WHERE s.s_score >= 70 AND s.s_score < 85 AND s.c_id = c.c_id)/
    (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM score s WHERE s.c_id = c.c_id),2),
    '%') AS '[85-70]占比',
    (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM score s WHERE s.s_score >= 60 AND s.s_score < 70 AND s.c_id = c.c_id) AS '[70-60]',
    CONCAT(
    ROUND(100 * (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM score s WHERE s.s_score >= 60 AND s.s_score < 70 AND s.c_id = c.c_id)/
    (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM score s WHERE s.c_id = c.c_id),2),
    '%') AS '[70-60]占比',
    (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM score s WHERE s.s_score >= 0 AND s.s_score < 60 AND s.c_id = c.c_id) AS '[60-0]',
    CONCAT(
    ROUND(100 * (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM score s WHERE s.s_score >= 0 AND s.s_score < 60 AND s.c_id = c.c_id)/
    (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM score s WHERE s.c_id = c.c_id),2),
    '%') AS '[60-0]占比'
    FROM course c;

    17.1 concat()函数

    • 字符串拼接函数

    • SELECT CONCAT (s_score,‘分’) as 成绩 FROM score;

      字符串拼接, 查出来的结果拼接一个字符串

    18. 1/15

    -- 24、查询学生平均成绩及其名次 采取的是(1,1,2)的方式排序
    SELECT temp.*,
    (CASE WHEN @avgs = temp.avgs THEN @rank
    WHEN @avgs := temp.avgs THEN @rank := @rank + 1 END) AS rank FROM
    (SELECT s.s_id, ROUND(AVG(s.s_score),2) AS avgs FROM score s
    LEFT JOIN student stu ON s.s_id = stu.s_id
    GROUP BY s.s_id ORDER BY avgs DESC) temp,
    (SELECT @avgs := NULL, @rank := 0) r;
    • rank 112排名

    19. 1/16

    -- 25、查询各科成绩前三名的记录 ????????????
    select * from score a where 3>(select count(*) from score where a.c_id = c_id and s_score > a.s_score ) order by a.c_id,s_score desc
    -- 26、查询每门课程被选修的学生数
    SELECT s.c_id, COUNT(*) AS 选修人数 FROM score s GROUP BY s.c_id;
    -- 27、查询出只有两门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名
    SELECT s.s_id, s.s_name FROM student s LEFT JOIN score sco ON s.s_id = sco.s_id
    GROUP BY s.s_id HAVING COUNT(*) = 2;
    -- 28、查询男生、女生人数
    SELECT s.s_sex, COUNT(*) AS nums FROM student s GROUP BY s.s_sex
    -- 29、查询名字中含有"风"字的学生信息
    SELECT s.* FROM student s WHERE s.s_name LIKE '%风%'
    -- 30、查询同名同性学生名单,并统计同名人数
    SELECT s.s_name, COUNT(*) AS nums FROM student s GROUP BY s.s_name HAVING nums > 1
    -- 31、查询1990年出生的学生名单
    SELECT * FROM student WHERE SUBSTR(s_birth FROM 1 FOR 4) = '1990'

    19.1 统计同名同姓学生名单:

    • 按照姓名分组,
    • 求count()
    • count() 大于1的就是同名同姓的人数

    19.2 substr(列名 from n [for nums])

    • 截取字符串的函数
    • substr(列名 from 第几个字符 [for 要截取几个字符])

    20. 1/17

    -- 32、查询每门课程的平均成绩,结果按平均成绩降序排列,平均成绩相同时,按课程编号升序排列
    select s.c_id, round(avg(s.s_score),2) as avgs from score s group by s.c_id order by avgs desc, s.c_id asc;
    -- 33、查询平均成绩大于等于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩
    SELECT stu.s_id, stu.s_name, ROUND(AVG(s.s_score),2) AS avgs FROM score s LEFT JOIN student stu
    ON s.s_id = stu.s_id
    GROUP BY s.s_id
    HAVING avgs >= 85
    -- 34、查询课程名称为"数学",且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数
    SELECT stu.s_name, s.s_score FROM score s LEFT JOIN student stu
    ON s.s_id = stu.s_id
    WHERE s.c_id = (SELECT c_id FROM course WHERE c_name = '数学')
    AND s.s_score < 60
    • 32题: 注意, order by avgs 是正确的, order by s.avgs是错误的, group by s.c_id后就不能s.xxx

    21. 1/18

    -- 35、查询所有学生的课程及分数情况;
    SELECT stu.*, c.c_name, s.s_score FROM score s
    LEFT JOIN course c ON s.c_id = c.c_id
    LEFT JOIN student stu ON s.s_id = stu.s_id
    -- 36、查询任何一门课程成绩在70分以上的学生的姓名、课程名称和分数;
    SELECT stu.*, c.c_name, s.s_score FROM score s
    LEFT JOIN course c ON s.c_id = c.c_id
    LEFT JOIN student stu ON s.s_id = stu.s_id
    WHERE s.s_score > 70

    22. 1/19

    -- 37、查询不及格的课程
    SELECT s.s_id, s.c_id, c.c_name,s.s_score FROM score s
    LEFT JOIN course c ON s.c_id = c.c_id
    WHERE s.s_score < 60
    -- 38、查询课程编号为01且课程成绩大于等于80分的学生的学号和姓名;
    SELECT stu.s_id, stu.s_name, s.c_id, s.s_score FROM score s
    LEFT JOIN student stu ON s.s_id = stu.s_id
    WHERE s.c_id = '01' AND s.s_score >= 80
    -- 39、求每门课程的学生人数
    SELECT c_id, COUNT(s_id) AS cts FROM score GROUP BY c
    -- 40、查询选修"张三"老师所授课程的学生中,成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩(可能包含相同成绩)
    SELECT stu.*, s.c_id, MAX(s.s_score) AS max_score FROM score s
    LEFT JOIN student stu ON s.s_id = stu.s_id
    WHERE c_id = (SELECT c_id FROM course WHERE t_id = (SELECT t_id FROM teacher WHERE t_name = '张三'))_id

    23. 1/20

    -- 41、查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学生编号、课程编号、学生成绩
    SELECT a.*
    FROM score a
    LEFT JOIN score b
    ON a.s_id = b.s_id
    WHERE a.c_id <> b.c_id
    AND a.s_score = b.s_score
    GROUP BY a.c_id;

    24. 1/21

    -- 42、查询每门功成绩最好的前两名
    SELECT
    temp.*
    FROM
    (SELECT
    s1.*,
    @rank1 := @rank1 + 1 AS rank
    FROM (
    SELECT a.*
    FROM score a
    WHERE a.c_id = '01' ORDER BY a.s_score DESC) s1,
    (SELECT @rank1 := 0) r
    UNION ALL
    SELECT
    s2.*,
    @rank2 := @rank2 + 1 AS rank
    FROM (
    SELECT a.*
    FROM score a
    WHERE a.c_id = '02' ORDER BY a.s_score DESC) s2,
    (SELECT @rank2 := 0) r
    UNION ALL
    SELECT
    s3.*,
    @rank3 := @rank3 + 1 AS rank
    FROM (
    SELECT a.*
    FROM score a
    WHERE a.c_id = '03' ORDER BY a.s_score DESC) s3,
    (SELECT @rank3 := 0) r) temp
    WHERE temp.rank = 1 OR temp.rank = 2;
    
    -- 简单方法, 不明白???????
    SELECT
    *
    FROM score s1
    WHERE 2 > (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM score WHERE c_id = s1.c_id AND s_score > s1.s_score)
    ORDER BY c_id, s_score DESC

    25. 1/26

    -- 43、统计每门课程的学生选修人数(超过5人的课程才统计)。
    -- 要求输出课程号和选修人数,查询结果按人数降序排列,
    -- 若人数相同,按课程号升序排列
    SELECT
    s.c_id,
    COUNT(*) AS cts
    FROM score s
    GROUP BY s.c_id
    HAVING cts > 5
    ORDER BY cts DESC, s.c_id ASC;
    -- 44、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号
    SELECT
    s.s_id,
    COUNT(*) AS cts
    FROM score s
    GROUP BY s.s_id
    HAVING cts >= 2;

    26. 1/27

    -- 45、查询选修了全部课程的学生信息
    SELECT
    *
    FROM student
    WHERE s_id IN
    (SELECT
    s.s_id
    FROM score s
    GROUP BY s.s_id
    HAVING COUNT(*) = 3)
    -- 46、查询各学生的年龄
    -- 按照出生日期来算,当前月日 < 出生年月的月日则,年龄减一
    SELECT
    *,
    (CASE WHEN MONTH(s_birth) > MONTH(NOW()) THEN YEAR(NOW()) - YEAR(s_birth) -1
    WHEN MONTH(s_birth) < MONTH(NOW()) THEN YEAR(NOW()) - YEAR(s_birth)
    WHEN MONTH(s_birth) = MONTH(NOW()) AND DAY(s_birth) > DAY(NOW()) THEN YEAR(NOW()) - YEAR(s_birth) - 1
    WHEN MONTH(s_birth) = MONTH(NOW()) AND DAY(s_birth) < DAY(NOW()) THEN YEAR(NOW()) - YEAR(s_birth)
    ELSE NULL END) AS age
    FROM student;
    -- 47、查询本周过生日的学生
    SELECT
    *
    FROM student
    WHERE WEEKOFYEAR(s_birth) = WEEKOFYEAR(NOW())
    -- 48、查询下周过生日的学生
    SELECT
    *
    FROM student
    WHERE (WEEKOFYEAR(s_birth) - WEEKOFYEAR(NOW()) = 1);
    -- 49、查询本月过生日的学生
    SELECT
    *
    FROM student
    WHERE MONTH(s_birth) = MONTH(NOW());
    -- 50、查询下月过生日的学生
    SELECT
    *
    FROM student
    WHERE (MONTH(s_birth) - MONTH(NOW()) = 1)
    • month(日期类型的数据),可以取整–>比较大小&加减乘除
    • weekofyear(xxx), 一年中的第几周
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