go语言渐入佳境[15]-struct声明与定义

1
2
3
4
5
6

//声明Teacher结构体
type Teacher struct {
	name string
	age  int8
	sex  byte
}

1
2
3
4

var t1 Teacher
 t1.name = "jonson"
 t1.age = 35
 t1.sex = 1

1
2
3
4

t2 := Teacher{}
t2.name = "olaya"
t2.age = 30
t2.sex = 1

1
2
3
4
5
6

t3 := Teacher{
  name: "Josh",
  age:  28,
  sex:  1,
}
t3 = Teacher{name: "Josh2", age: 27, sex: 1}

1

t4 := Teacher{"Ruby", 30, 0}

1
2
3
4
5
67

t5 := new(Teacher)
(*t5).name = "Running"
(*t5).age = 31(*t5).sex = 0
t5.name = "Running2"
t5.age = 31t5.sex = 0

12
3

addr := struct {
  province, city string
}{"陕西省", "西安市"}

1
2
3
4
5
67
8
9
10
1112
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
2122
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
3132
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
4142
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
5152
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
6162

package main

import "fmt"

//定义Teacher结构体
type Teacher struct {
	name string
	age  int8
	sex  byte
}

func main() {
//1、var声明方式实例化结构体，初始化方式为：对象.属性=值
var t1 Teacher
	fmt.Println(t1)
	fmt.Printf("t1:%T , %v , %q \n", t1, t1, t1)
//if t1 == nil {
//	fmt.Println()
//}
	t1.name = "Steven"
	t1.age = 35
	t1.sex = 1	fmt.Println(t1)
	fmt.Println("-------------------")

//2、变量简短声明格式实例化结构体，初始化方式为：对象.属性=值
	t2 := Teacher{}
	t2.name = "David"
	t2.age = 30
	t2.sex = 1	fmt.Println(t2)
	fmt.Println("-------------------")

//3、变量简短声明格式实例化结构体，声明时初始化。初始化方式为：属性:值 。属性:值可以同行，也可以换行。（类似map的用法）
	t3 := Teacher{
		name: "Josh",
		age:  28,
		sex:  1,
	}
	t3 = Teacher{name: "Josh2", age: 27, sex: 1}
	fmt.Println(t3)
	fmt.Println("-------------------")

//4、变量简短声明格式实例化结构体，声明时初始化，不写属性名，按属性顺序只写属性值
	t4 := Teacher{"Ruby", 30, 0}	fmt.Println(t4)
	fmt.Println("-------------------")

//5、创建指针类型的结构体
	t5 := new(Teacher)
	fmt.Printf("t5:%T , %v , %p \n", t5, t5, t5)
//(*t5).name = "Running"
//(*t5).age = 31//(*t5).sex = 0

//语法简写形式——语法糖
	t5.name = "Running2"
	t5.age = 31	t5.sex = 0
	fmt.Println(t5)
	fmt.Println("-------------------")
}

1
2
3
4
5
67
8
9
10
1112
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
2122
23
24
25
26
27

package main

import "fmt"

type User struct {
//name string
//sex byte
//age int8
//height float64
//weight float64
string
byte
int8
float64

}

func main() {
//	实例化结构体
	user:= User{"jonson" , 'm' , 35 , 177.5}
	fmt.Println(user)
//如果想依次输出姓名、年龄、身高、性别
	fmt.Printf("姓名：%s \n" , user.string)
	fmt.Printf("身高：%.2f \n" , user.float64)
	fmt.Printf("性别：%c \n" , user.byte)
	fmt.Printf("年龄：%d \n" , user.int8)
}