django项目：实现一个完整的博客功能（2）

上次完成用户模块和模板的继承，此次咱们来完成文章模块部分功能

前戏部分

1.添加应用

2.更改settings配置

3.第三部配置文章模块url

高潮来了

1.在models.py里添加需要的模型类

from django.db import models
from datetime import datetime
from users.models import UserProfile

# Create your models here.

class Category(models.Model):
"""文章类型"""
name = models.CharField(max_length=10, verbose_name='文章类型')
add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name='添加时间')

def __str__(self):
return self.name

class Meta:
verbose_name = '类型信息'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

class ArticleInfo(models.Model):
"""文章信息，与用户一对多关系，与文章类型一对一关系"""
title = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name='文章标题')
author = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name='文章作者')
category = models.ForeignKey(Category, verbose_name='文章类型')
desc = models.TextField(verbose_name='文章描述')
content = models.TextField(verbose_name='文章正文')
is_delete = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='是否删除')
click_num = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='浏览量')
love_num = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='点赞量')
image = models.ImageField(upload_to='article/%y/%m/%d', verbose_name='文章图片', max_length=200)
add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name='添加时间')

def __str__(self):
return self.title

class Meta:
verbose_name = '文章信息'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

class TagInfo(models.Model):
"""有关文章的标签，与文章多对多关系"""
name = models.CharField(max_length=10, verbose_name='标签姓名')
article = models.ManyToManyField(ArticleInfo, verbose_name='所属文章')
add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name='添加时间')

def __str__(self):
return self.name

class Meta:
verbose_name = '标签信息'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

class CommentInfo(models.Model):
comment_content = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name='文章评论')
comment_art = models.ForeignKey(ArticleInfo, verbose_name='所属文章')
comment_man = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name='评论人')
is_delete = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='是否删除')
add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name='添加时间')

def __str__(self):
return self.comment_content

class Meta:
verbose_name = '评论信息'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

3. 要上传图片，配置媒体文件夹

总路由url添加：

settings添加：

settings应用进程添加最后一行：

上传完图片后django自动添加媒体目录

4 .在articles的admin.py里添加后台要显示的内容

from django.contrib import admin
from .models import ArticleInfo, TagInfo, Category

# Register your models here.

class ArticleInfoAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
"""文章内容"""
list_display = ['title', 'author', 'category', 'desc', 'content', 'is_delete', 'click_num', 'love_num', 'image',
'add_time']
fields = ['title', 'author', 'category', 'desc', 'content', 'is_delete', 'click_num', 'love_num', 'image',
'add_time']

class TagInfoAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
"""标签内容"""
list_display = ['name', 'add_time']
fields = ['name', 'article', 'add_time']
filter_horizontal = ['article']

class CategoryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
"""文章类型内容"""
list_display = ['name', 'add_time']
fields = ['name', 'add_time']

admin.site.register(ArticleInfo, ArticleInfoAdmin)
admin.site.register(Category, CategoryAdmin)
admin.site.register(TagInfo, TagInfoAdmin)

6  . 主页实现最关键部分

from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from .models import UserProfile
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from articles.models import ArticleInfo, TagInfo
from django.core.paginator import Paginator, PageNotAnInteger, EmptyPage

# Create your views here.

def index(request):
"""主页程序"""
# 首先获取所有文章
all_articles = ArticleInfo.objects.all()
# 文章按照日期归档，按天排序参数就是day, 最新发表的要排在最前面
# 所以设置order='DESC' ,默认是时间最小的排在最前面
date_time = all_articles.datetimes('add_time', 'day', order='DESC')
# 浏览量排行, 倒序排列加 - ,得到的是一个列表，取前六篇文章
click_sort = all_articles.order_by('-click_name')[:6]
# 站长推荐, 时间排序, 最新的用倒序, 同上
pro_arts = all_articles.order_by('-add_time')[:6]
# 获得所有标签， 呈现在页面上
all_tags = TagInfo.objects.all()
# 获得归档文本的时间, 从html页面传回要查看的参数
year = request.GET.get('year', '')
month = request.GET.get('month', '')
day = request.GET.get('day', '')
if year and month and day:
# 按照日期筛选文章
all_articles = all_articles.filter(add_time__year=year, add_time__month=month, add_time__day=day)
all_articles_set = set(all_articles)
# 从html页面传回tagid的参数，获得点击的标签的id值，通过tagid传参
tagid = request.GET.get('tagid', '')
# 此处设置目的是当点击日期和标签时,要呈现的就不是所有文章了，
# 取标签和日期的交集, 把列表转化为集合再赋值
if tagid:
# 通过tagid获得tag，然后通过tag多对多关系获得所有文章
tag = TagInfo.objects.filter(id=int(tagid))[0]
all_articles = tag.article.all()
all_articles_set1 = set(all_articles)
try:
a = list(all_articles_set & all_articles_set1)
if a:
all_articles = a
except:
pass
# 分页器对象, 设置所有文章每页显示三篇
pa = Paginator(all_articles, 3)
# 从html页面传回要查看的哪一页的参数,默认值为1
pagenum = request.GET.get('pagenum', 1)
try:
pages = pa.page(pagenum)
except PageNotAnInteger:
# 前一页最尽头就是第一页
pages = pa.page(1)
except EmptyPage:
# 下一页最尽头就是最后一页, num_pages是总的页数
pages = pa.page(pa.num_pages)
# 所有相关参数传回HTML页面
return render(request, 'index.html', {
# 'all_articles': all_articles
'pages': pages,  # 分页文章
'click_sort': click_sort,  # 阅读量排序
'pro_arts': pro_arts,  # 推荐排序
'all_tags': all_tags,  # 呈现所有标签
'tagid': tagid,
'date_time': date_time,
'year': year,
'month': month,
'day': day
})

7. html页面相关代码

<ul id="pagination-flickr">
{% if pages.has_previous %}
<li class="previous-off">
<a href="{% url 'index' %}?pagenum={{ pages.previous_page_number }}&tagid={{ tagid }}&year={{ year }}&month={{ month }}&day={{ day }}">«上一页</a>
</li>
{% endif %}
<li class="active">{{ pages.number }}/{{ pages.paginator.num_pages }}
</li>
{% if pages.has_next %}
<li class="next">
<a href="{% url 'index' %}?pagenum={{ pages.next_page_number }}&tagid={{ tagid }}&year={{ year }}&month={{ month }}&day={{ day }}">下一页 »</a>
</li>
{% endif %}
</ul>

<h3>文章归档</h3>
<ul>
{% for date in date_time %}
<li>
<p><span class="tutime font-size-18">
<a href="{% url 'index' %}?year={{ date.year }}&month={{ date.month }}&day={{ date.day }}">{{ date.year }}年{{ date.month }}月{{ date.day }}日文章归档</a></span>
</p>
</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>

<h3>标签云</h3>
<ul>
{% for tag in all_tags %}
<li><a href="{% url 'index' %}?tagid={{ tag.id }}&pagenum={{ pages.number }}">{{ tag.name }}</a>
</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>

# 加修饰器, 没有登录用户点击后跳转制定路径
@login_required(login_url='/users/user_login/')
def comment_add(request, art_id):
"""文章评论详情"""
if request.user:
print(request.user)
if art_id:
content = request.POST.get('comment', '')
print(content)
com = Comment()
com.comment_man_id = request.user.id
com.comment_art_id = int(art_id)
com.comment_content = content
com.save()
return redirect(reverse('articles:article_detail', args=[art_id]))

def love_add(request, art_id):
"""点赞设置"""
if request.is_ajax():
art = ArticleInfo.objects.filter(id=int(art_id))[0]
art.love_name += 1
art.save()
result = {'a': 'ok'}
return JsonResponse(result)

{% block myjs %}
<script src="{% static 'js/jquery.min.js' %}"></script>
<script>
$(function () {
$('#dian').click(function () {
$.get("{% url 'articles:love_add' article.id %}", function(callback){
if (callback.a == 'ok') {
value = parseInt($('#zan').text());
value = value + 1;
$('#zan').text(value);
setTimeout(function () {
window.location.href = '/';
},5000)
}
})
})
})
</script>
{% endblock %}