spring-data-redis Spring 整合 redis 做 cache xml实现
2018-05-02 20:07
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Spring整合redis做缓存
1. 导包
<!-- redis架包 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId> <artifactId>spring-data-redis</artifactId> <version>1.6.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>redis.clients</groupId> <artifactId>jedis</artifactId> <version>2.9.0</version> </dependency> <!-- jackson炸包 --> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core --> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>2.9.2</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind --> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.9.2</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-annotations --> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>2.9.2</version> </dependency> <!-- log炸包 --> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-logging/commons-logging --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.17</version> </dependency>
2. redis.properties文件
#============================# #==== Redis settings ====# #============================# #redis 服务器 IP redis.host=127.0.0.1 #redis 服务器端口 redis.port=6379 #redis 密码 redis.pass= #redis 支持16个数据库(相当于不同用户)可以使不同的应用程序数据彼此分开同时又存储在相同的实例上 redis.dbIndex=1 #redis 缓存数据过期时间单位秒 redis.expiration=3000 #控制一个 pool 最多有多少个状态为 idle 的jedis实例 redis.maxIdle=300 #控制一个 pool 可分配多少个jedis实例 redis.maxActive=600 #当borrow一个jedis实例时,最大的等待时间,如果超过等待时间,则直接抛出JedisConnectionException; redis.maxWait=1000 #在borrow一个jedis实例时,是否提前进行alidate操作;如果为true,则得到的jedis实例均是可用的; redis.testOnBorrow=true
3. 配置spring-cache-redis.xml文件
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache.xsd"> <!-- **************************************************redis********************************************************** --> <!-- 配置文件加载 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:*.properties"/> <!-- 配置 JedisPoolConfig 实例 --> <bean id="poolConfig" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig"> <property name="maxIdle" value="${redis.maxIdle}"/> <property name="maxTotal" value="${redis.maxActive}"/> <property name="maxWaitMillis" value="${redis.maxWait}"/> <property name="testOnBorrow" value="${redis.testOnBorrow}"/> </bean> <!-- 配置JedisConnectionFactory --> <bean id="jedisConnectionFactory" class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory"> <property name="hostName" value="${redis.host}"/> <property name="port" value="${redis.port}"/> <property name="password" value="${redis.pass}"/> <property name="database" value="${redis.dbIndex}"/> <property name="poolConfig" ref="poolConfig"/> </bean> <!-- 配置RedisTemplate --> <!-- redis 序列化策略 ,通常情况下key值采用String序列化策略, --> <!-- 如果不指定序列化策略,StringRedisTemplate的key和value都将采用String序列化策略; --> <!-- 但是RedisTemplate的key和value都将采用JDK序列化 这样就会出现采用不同template保存的数据不能用同一个template删除的问题 --> <bean id="redisTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate" p:connectionFactory-ref="jedisConnectionFactory" p:keySerializer-ref="stringRedisSerializer" p:hashKeySerializer-ref="stringRedisSerializer" p:valueSerializer-ref="genericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer" p:hashValueSerializer-ref="genericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer" /> <!--JDK序列化,速度快但占用空间较大,对象必须实现java.io.Serializable接口 --> <bean id="jdkSerializationRedisSerializer" class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.JdkSerializationRedisSerializer" /> <bean id="stringRedisSerializer" class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer" /> <!-- XML序列化,速度慢空间占用较大 --> <!--<bean id="jaxb2Marshaller" class="org.springframework.oxm.jaxb.Jaxb2Marshaller"/> <bean id="oxmSerializer" class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.OxmSerializer" p:marshaller-ref="jaxb2Marshaller" p:unmarshaller-ref="jaxb2Marshaller"/>--> <!-- JSON序列化,空间占用小,无需指明但对象类型 SerializationException: Could not read JSON: Cannot construct instance of `com.learn.cache.model.Account` (although at least one Creator exists): cannot deserialize from Object value (no delegate- or property-based Creator) 解决办法: 给实体类com.learn.cache.model.Account添加默认的构造方法 public Account(){} --> <bean id="genericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer" class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer" /> <!-- JSON序列化,空间占用小,需指明对象类型,不知道怎么在xml配置中注入参数类型为Class<?>的值,可在代码中指定 --> <!-- <bean id="jackson2JsonRedisSerializer" class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer"/> --> <!-- 配置RedisCacheManager --> <bean id="redisCacheManager" class="org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager"> <constructor-arg name="redisOperations" ref="redisTemplate"/> <property name="defaultExpiration" value="${redis.expiration}"/> </bean> <!-- 配置RedisCacheConfig --> <bean id="redisCacheConfig" class="com.learn.cache.RedisCacheConfig"> <constructor-arg ref="jedisConnectionFactory"/> <constructor-arg ref="redisTemplate"/> <constructor-arg ref="redisCacheManager"/> </bean> <!-- 开启注解扫描 --> <!--<context:annotation-config />--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.learn"/> <bean id="testServiceBean" class="com.learn.cache.service.TestService"/> <bean id="accountServiceBean" class="com.learn.cache.service.AccountService"/> </beans>
4. 开启缓存, 并配置key生成策略
package com.learn.cache; import java.lang.reflect.Method; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachingConfigurerSupport; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching; import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.KeyGenerator; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager; import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory; import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate; @Configuration @EnableCaching public class RedisCacheConfig extends CachingConfigurerSupport { protected final static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RedisCacheConfig.class); private volatile JedisConnectionFactory mJedisConnectionFactory; private volatile RedisTemplate<String, String> mRedisTemplate; private volatile RedisCacheManager mRedisCacheManager; public RedisCacheConfig() { super(); } public RedisCacheConfig(JedisConnectionFactory mJedisConnectionFactory, RedisTemplate<String, String> mRedisTemplate, RedisCacheManager mRedisCacheManager) { super(); this.mJedisConnectionFactory = mJedisConnectionFactory; this.mRedisTemplate = mRedisTemplate; this.mRedisCacheManager = mRedisCacheManager; } public JedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory() { return mJedisConnectionFactory; } public RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory cf) { return mRedisTemplate; } public CacheManager cacheManager(RedisTemplate<?, ?> redisTemplate) { return mRedisCacheManager; } @Bean @Override public KeyGenerator keyGenerator() { return new KeyGenerator() { @Override public Object generate(Object target, Method method, Object... params) { //规定 本类名+方法名+参数名 为key StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.append(target.getClass().getName() + "_"); sb.append(method.getName() + "_"); for (Object obj : params) { sb.append(obj.toString() + ","); } return sb.toString(); } }; } }
5. 编写实体类, 及cache使用方法
package com.learn.cache.model; import java.io.Serializable; /** * 首先定义一个实体类:账号类,具备基本的 id 和 name 属性,且具备 getter 和 setter 方法 * * 清单 1. Account.java * * @author qq * @date 2018-04-27 */ public class Account implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private int id; private String name; private String password; public Account() { super(); } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } public Account(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } @Override public String toString() { return "Account{" + "id=" + id + ", name='" + name + '\'' + ", password='" + password + '\'' + '}'; } }
package com.learn.cache.service; import com.learn.cache.model.Account; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CacheEvict; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable; /** * 使用@Cacheable, @CachePut, @CacheEvict, @CacheConfig spring通过AOP对方法进行缓存管理 * <p> * 实体类就是上面自定义缓存方案定义的 Account.java,这里重新定义了服务类,如下: * <p> * 清单 6. AccountService.java * * @author aa * @date 2018-04-27 */ public class TestService { @Cacheable(value = "redis-cache-string", key = "'redis_key_' + #userName", condition = "true") public String getResisValue(String userName) { // 方法内部实现不考虑缓存逻辑,直接实现业务 System.out.println("查询数据库..." + userName); return "redis_value_" + userName; } // @CacheEvict(value = "redis-cache-string", key = "'redis_key' + #userName", condition = "true", allEntries = true, beforeInvocation = true) @CacheEvict(value = "redis-cache-string", key = "'redis_key_' + #userName", condition = "true") public void delRedisValue(String userName) { System.out.println("删除数据库"); } }
package com.learn.cache.service; import com.learn.cache.model.Account; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CacheEvict; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachePut; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable; /** * 使用@Cacheable, @CachePut, @CacheEvict, @CacheConfig spring通过AOP对方法进行缓存管理 * <p> * 实体类就是上面自定义缓存方案定义的 Account.java,这里重新定义了服务类,如下: * <p> * 清单 6. AccountService.java * * @author aa * @date 2018-04-27 */ public class AccountService { /** * 使用了一个缓存名叫 accountCache * * 注意,此类的 getAccountByName 方法上有一个注释 annotation,即 @Cacheable(value=”accountCache”), * 这个注释的意思是,当调用这个方法的时候,会从一个名叫 accountCache 的缓存中查询,如果没有,则执行实际的方法(即查询数据库),并将执行的结果存入缓存中,否则返回缓存中的对象。 * 这里的缓存中的 key 就是参数 userName,value 就是 Account 对象。“accountCache”缓存是在 spring*.xml 中定义的名称。 * * key condition ,前面的 # 号代表这是一个 SpEL 表达式 * @param userName * @return */ @Cacheable(value = "accountCache", key = "'model:' + #userName", condition = "#userName.length() >= 4") public Account getAccountByName(String userName) { // Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer json = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(); // 方法内部实现不考虑缓存逻辑,直接实现业务 return getFromDB(userName); } @Cacheable(value = "accountCache", key = "#userName.concat(#password)") public Account getAccount(String userName, String password, boolean sendLog) { // 方法内部实现不考虑缓存逻辑,直接实现业务 return getFromDB(userName, password); } /** * 好,到目前为止,我们的 spring cache 缓存程序已经运行成功了,但是还不完美, * 因为还缺少一个重要的缓存管理逻辑:清空缓存,当账号数据发生变更,那么必须要清空某个缓存,另外还需要定期的清空所有缓存,以保证缓存数据的可靠性。 * 清空 accountCache 缓存 * * 清单 10. AccountService.java * @param account */ // @CacheEvict(value = "accountCache", key = "#account.getName()") /** * 更新 accountCache 缓存 * @param account dd */ @CachePut(value = "accountCache", key = "#account.getName()") public void updateAccount(Account account) { updateDB(account); } /** * reload 清空 accountCache 缓存 */ @CacheEvict(value = "accountCache", allEntries = true) public void reload() { } private Account getFromDB(String acctName) { System.out.println("real querying db..." + acctName); return new Account(acctName); } private Account getFromDB(String acctName, String password) { System.out.println("real querying db..." + acctName + "+" + password); return new Account(acctName); } private void updateDB(Account account) { System.out.println("real update db..." + account.getName()); } }
6. 测试字符串存储及实体类存储
package com.learn.cache; import com.learn.cache.model.Account; import com.learn.cache.service.AccountService; import com.learn.cache.service.TestService; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { // 加载 spring 配置文件 ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-cache-redis.xml"); RedisTemplate redisTemplate = (RedisTemplate) context.getBean("redisTemplate"); redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("redis2", "ceshiRedis222"); System.out.println(redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("redis2")); // 测试string类型缓存 // testRedisCache(context); // delRedisCache(context); // 测试json类型缓存 testRedisCacheModel(context); } /** * 测试普通村缓存 * @param context */ public static void testRedisCache(ApplicationContext context) { // 测试缓存 TestService s = (TestService) context.getBean("testServiceBean"); // 第一次查询,应该走数据库 System.out.print("first query..."); s.getResisValue("somebody"); // 第二次查询,应该不查数据库,直接返回缓存的值 System.out.print("second query..."); s.getResisValue("somebody"); System.out.println(); } /** * 测试实体类缓存 * @param context 文档 */ public static void testRedisCacheModel(ApplicationContext context) { // 测试缓存 AccountService s = (AccountService) context.getBean("accountServiceBean"); // 第一次查询,应该走数据库 System.out.println("first query..."); s.getAccountByName("somebody"); // 第二次查询,应该不查数据库,直接返回缓存的值 System.out.println("second query..."); Account account = s.getAccountByName("somebody"); System.out.println(account); } /** * 删除缓存 * @param context 文档 */ public static void delRedisCache(ApplicationContext context) { // 测试缓存 TestService s = (TestService) context.getBean("testServiceBean"); // 第一次查询,应该走数据库 System.out.print("first query..."); s.getResisValue("somebody"); // 第二次查询,应该不查数据库,直接返回缓存的值 System.out.println("second query..."); String jj = s.getResisValue("somebody"); System.out.println(jj + ";second query end..."); System.out.println("clear cache begin..."); s.delRedisValue("somebody"); System.out.println("three query..."); s.getResisValue("somebody"); } }
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