SpringBoot整合Spring Data JPA、MySQL、Druid并使用Mockito实现单元测试

一、Maven依赖

<!-- 定义公共资源版本 -->
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.7.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath />
</parent>

<!-- 设置编码及指定jdk版本 -->
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<druid.version>1.0.29</druid.version>
<!-- lombock简化代码 -->
<lombok.version>1.16.20</lombok.version>
</properties>

<!-- 热启动插件 -->
<build>
<plugins>
<!-- 支持devtools -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<!-- 没有该配置,devtools不生效 -->
<fork>true</fork>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>

<dependencies>
<!-- 打war包时加入此项,tomcat相关jar包用外部的不要打进去 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

<!-- web项目必要的依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!-- 单元测试 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<!-- 热启动 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
<scope>true</scope>
</dependency>

<!-- spring data jpa -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!-- mysql数据库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!-- alibaba druid -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>${druid.version}</version>
</dependency>

<!-- lombok -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

二、配置文件（这里使用yml）

spring:
profiles:
active: dev

server:
# 端口号
port: 8080
spring:
# 数据源配置
datasource:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring-dev
username: root
password: 123456

# Druid连接池配置
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
# 初始化
initialSize: 3
# 最大
maxActive: 20
# 最小
minIdle: 3
# 最大连接等待超时时间
maxWait: 60000
# 打开PSCache,并且指定每个连接PSCache的大小
poolPreparedStatements: true
maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 20
validationQuery: select 'x'
testWhileIdle: true
testOnBorrow: false
testOnReturn: false
# 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测,检测需要关闭的空闲连接,单位是毫秒
timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
# 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间,单位是毫秒
minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000
# 配置监控统计拦截的filters,去掉后监控界面sql将无法统计,'wall'用于防火墙
filters: stat, wall, log4j
# spring data jpa配置
jpa:
hibernate:
# 实体类有更新时，数据库表更新
ddl-auto: update
show-sql: true
format_sql: true
database-platform: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect
http:
# 过滤字符编码
encoding:
charset: UTF-8
enabled: true
force: true

三、配置代码类

@Configuration
public class DruidConfig {

@Bean
public ServletRegistrationBean statViewServlet() {
// 创建servlet注册实体
ServletRegistrationBean servletRegistrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new StatViewServlet(),
"/druid/*");
// 设置ip白名单
servletRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("allow", "127.0.0.1");
// 设置ip黑名单,如果allow与deny共同存在时,deny优先于allow
servletRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("deny", "192.168.0.1");
// 设置控制台管理用户
servletRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("loginUsername", "admin");
servletRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("loginPassword", "123456");
// 是否可以重置数据
servletRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("resetEnable", "false");
return servletRegistrationBean;
}

@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean statFilter() {
// 创建过滤器
FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(new WebStatFilter());
// 设置过滤器过滤路径
filterRegistrationBean.addUrlPatterns("/*");
// 忽略过滤的形式
filterRegistrationBean.addInitParameter("exclusions", "*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*");
return filterRegistrationBean;
}

}

四、实体类

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Entity(name = "student")
public class StudentEntity implements Serializable {

/**
* 序列化ID
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = -3967265553147264980L;

/**
* 学生id
*/
@Id
@GeneratedValue
private Integer id;

/**
* 学生姓名
*/
private String name;

/**
* 学生年龄
*/
private Integer age;
}

五、dao层

public interface StudentDao extends JpaRepository<StudentEntity, Integer> {

/**
* 根据年龄查询学生
*
* @param age
* @return
*/
List<StudentEntity> findStudentByAge(Integer age);

/**
* 根据年龄获取学生信息 <br>
*
* <@Query是用来配置自定义SQL的注解,后面参数nativeQuery =
* true才是表明了使用原生的sql,如果不配置,默认是false,则使用HQL查询方式。>
*
* @param age
* @return
*/
@Query(value = "select id,name,age from student where age = ?1", nativeQuery = true)
List<StudentEntity> getStudentByAge(Integer age);

}

六、使用Mocktio进行单元测试

/**
* 测试基类 . <br>
* ActiveProfiles表示加载指定配置文件 <br>
* SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_POR 表示使用随机端口号 <br>
* Ignore表示本类或本方法不执行测试
*
* @author hkb <br>
*/
@ActiveProfiles("test")
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
@Ignore
public class BaseTest {

}

public class StudentServiceTest extends BaseTest {

/**
* 学生信息接口-被测类
*/
@Autowired
private StudentService studentService;

/**
* 学生信息dao-模拟对象
*/
@MockBean
private StudentDao studentDao;

/**
* 学生实体
*/
private StudentEntity student;

/**
* 学生id
*/
private Integer id = -99;

/**
* 学生姓名
*/
private String studentName = "test";

/**
* 学生年龄
*/
private Integer studentAge = 20;

/**
* 所有测试方法执行之前执行该方法
*/
@Before
public void before() {
student = new StudentEntity(id, studentName, studentAge);
// 设置模拟对象的返回预期值
Mockito.when(studentDao.save(student)).thenReturn(student);
Mockito.when(studentDao.findOne(id)).thenReturn(student);
Mockito.when(studentDao.findStudentByAge(studentAge)).thenReturn(Lists.newArrayList(student));
Mockito.when(studentDao.getStudentByAge(studentAge)).thenReturn(Lists.newArrayList(student));
Mockito.when(studentDao.findAll()).thenReturn(Lists.newArrayList(student));
}

/**
* 测试添加
*/
@Test
public void addStudentTest() {
// 执行测试
int studentId = studentService.addStudent(student);
// 验证
Assert.assertThat(studentId, Matchers.is(id));
// 得到一个抓取器
ArgumentCaptor<StudentEntity> personCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(StudentEntity.class);
// 验证模拟对象的save()是否被调用一次,并抓取调用时传入的参数值
Mockito.verify(studentDao).save(personCaptor.capture());
// 获取抓取到的参数值
StudentEntity addStudent = personCaptor.getValue();
// 验证调用时的参数值
Assert.assertThat(studentName, Matchers.is(addStudent.getName()));
}
}

完整案例请参考：码云