XML文件解析之Tinyxml（C++）

TinyXml下载

基础函数讲解（源码查看）

class XMLDocument;//xml文件类，类似于C语言里面的FILE，主要用于创建XMLDocument对象，用于打开XML文档
/**
Load an XML file from disk.
Returns XML_SUCCESS (0) on success, or
an errorID.
*/
XMLError LoadFile( const char* filename );//文件加载，传入文件路径即可
/**
Load an XML file from disk. You are responsible
for providing and closing the FILE*.

NOTE: The file should be opened as binary ("rb")
not text in order for TinyXML-2 to correctly
do newline normalization.

Returns XML_SUCCESS (0) on success, or
an errorID.
*/
XMLError LoadFile( FILE* );//传入文件指针加载文件

class XMLElement;//数据节点
class XMLAttribute;//属性类
//例如：XMLDocument xmlDocument;
xmlDocument.LoadFile("./路径"); //Or input your FILE *
XMLElement * root = xmlDocument.RootElement();//RootElement();获取该xml文件的根节点
XMLAttribute * curAttribute = curElement->FirstAttribute();//获取属性

//引用一些源码中出现过的注释（比较明确的展示了其用法）：

//值得注意的是，FirstChildElement()有两种用法，一种是加参数的，即指定子节点名称查找；
//还有一种就是不加参数的，即默认查找第一个子节点
//若要获取当前Element的名称可以使用Name()函数
//属性获取方法还有：Element->Attribute("属性名")；

//NextSiblingElement();该函数指向兄弟节点
//比如这样获取下一个兄弟节点：curElement = curElement->NextSiblingElement();

/**
A XMLHandle is a class that wraps a node pointer with null checks; this is
an incredibly useful thing. Note that XMLHandle is not part of the TinyXML-2
DOM structure. It is a separate utility class.

Take an example:
@verbatim
<Document>
<Element attributeA = "valueA">
<Child attributeB = "value1" />
<Child attributeB = "value2" />
</Element>
</Document>
@endverbatim

Assuming you want the value of "attributeB" in the 2nd "Child" element, it's very
easy to write a *lot* of code that looks like:

@verbatim
XMLElement* root = document.FirstChildElement( "Document" );
if ( root )
{
XMLElement* element = root->FirstChildElement( "Element" );
if ( element )
{
XMLElement* child = element->FirstChildElement( "Child" );
if ( child )
{
XMLElement* child2 = child->NextSiblingElement( "Child" );
if ( child2 )
{
// Finally do something useful.
@endverbatim

And that doesn't even cover "else" cases. XMLHandle addresses the verbosity
of such code. A XMLHandle checks for null pointers so it is perfectly safe
and correct to use:

@verbatim
XMLHandle docHandle( &document );
XMLElement* child2 = docHandle.FirstChildElement( "Document" ).FirstChildElement( "Element" ).FirstChildElement().NextSiblingElement();
if ( child2 )
{
// do something useful
@endverbatim

Which is MUCH more concise and useful.

It is also safe to copy handles - internally they are nothing more than node pointers.
@verbatim
XMLHandle handleCopy = handle;
@endverbatim

See also XMLConstHandle, which is the same as XMLHandle, but operates on const objects.
*/

//还有一些我没用过的类

class XMLText;
class XMLDeclaration;
class XMLPrinter;//相比XMLDocument类给与的打印功能外，它更加强大

接下来是我的一个例子展示

#include <iostream>

#include <windows.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include "tinyxml2.h"

using namespace std;

void ReadXML(const tinyxml2::XMLElement * rootElement);

int main(void)
{
tinyxml2::XMLDocument xmlDocument;
xmlDocument.LoadFile("./你的文件.xml");

if (xmlDocument.Error())
{
cout << "ERROR: XML file not found!" << endl;

return 0;
}

tinyxml2::XMLElement * rootElement = xmlDocument.RootElement();

//Get the first child element to analysis xml file
tinyxml2::XMLElement * rootElement1 = rootElement->FirstChildElement("Controls");

//cout << rootElement1->Name() << endl;

ReadXML(rootElement1);

return 0;
}

void ReadXML(const tinyxml2::XMLElement * rootElement)
{
if (!rootElement)
{
cout << "Root Element is NULL" << endl;
return;
}
const tinyxml2::XMLElement * curElement = rootElement->FirstChildElement();

while (curElement)
{
if (!strcmp(curElement->Name(), "Label"))
{
const tinyxml2::XMLAttribute * curAttribute = curElement->FirstAttribute();

const char * tep = curElement->Attribute("InitSize");
cout << tep << endl;

while (curAttribute != NULL)
{
cout << "    " << curAttribute->Value();
curAttribute = curAttribute->Next();
}
/**/
cout << endl;
}
else if (!strcmp(curElement->Name(), "DialogButton"))
{
const tinyxml2::XMLAttribute * curAttribute = curElement->FirstAttribute();

const char * tep = curElement->Attribute("InitSize");
cout << tep << endl;

while (curAttribute != NULL)
{
cout << "    " << curAttribute->Value();
curAttribute = curAttribute->Next();
}
/**/
cout << endl;
}
else if (!strcmp(curElement->Name(), "EditBox"))
{
const tinyxml2::XMLAttribute * curAttribute = curElement->FirstAttribute();

const char * tep = curElement->Attribute("InitSize");
cout << tep << endl;

while (curAttribute != NULL)
{
cout << "    " << curAttribute->Value();
curAttribute = curAttribute->Next();
}
/**/
cout << endl;
}

//To check whether the current element has other children element.
if (curElement->FirstChildElement())
{
//recursion function to analysis the xml file.
ReadXML(curElement);
}

//Get the next element;
curElement = curElement->NextSiblingElement();
}
}

最后贴上一张有问题的图，主要是为了给大家说一下编码问题