Spring mvc --- 入门案例

一、基于Maven的环境搭建pom.xml

<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.10</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-messaging</artifactId>
<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0-beta9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
<version>2.0-beta9</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
<artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
<version>3.17.1-GA</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.7.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
<version>1.7.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>jul-to-slf4j</artifactId>
<version>1.7.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

二、配置前端控制器DispatcherServlet
前端控制器要配置在WEB-INF/web.xml中，如下：

<!-- 配置前端控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<!-- 指定springmvc配置文件的路径
如果不指定默认为：/WEB-INF/{servlet-name}-servlet.xml
-->
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

从上面的配置中可以看出，和servlet的配置基本上一模一样，前端控制器就相当于一个servlet，要注意的是，需要我们配置contextConfigLocation。contextConfigLocation是用来加载springmvc的配置文件（配置处理器映射器、适配器等） 的，如果不配置contextConfigLocation，则默认加载的是WEB-INF/[DispatcherServlet的Servlet名字]-servlet.xml。所以处理器映射器和处理器适配器都会配在classpath下我们指定的springmvc.xml中。 

三、配置springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"> 
<!-- 注解扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.springmvc.controller"/>
<!-- 配置处理器映射器HandlerMapping -->
<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/> -->
<!-- 配置处理器适配器HandlerAdapter -->
<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"/> -->
<!-- 配置注解驱动，如果配置此标签可以不用配置处理器映射器和适配器 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 配置视图解析器ViewResolver -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>

四、处理器Handler

package com.springmvc.controller;

import com.springmvc.pojo.Items;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

/**
*  商品列表Controller
*/
@Controller
public class ItemController {

@RequestMapping("/itemList.action")
public ModelAndView itemList(){
// 查询商品列表
List<Items> itemList = new ArrayList<Items>();
itemList.add(new Items(1,"imac1",20000,new Date(),"苹果本很贵"));
itemList.add(new Items(2,"imac2",20000,new Date(),"苹果本很贵"));
itemList.add(new Items(3,"imac3",20000,new Date(),"苹果本很贵"));
itemList.add(new Items(4,"imac4",20000,new Date(),"苹果本很贵"));
itemList.add(new Items(5,"imac5",20000,new Date(),"苹果本很贵"));

// 把商品列表传递给jsp
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
modelAndView.addObject("itemList",itemList);

// 设置展示数据的jsp
modelAndView.setViewName("itemList");

return modelAndView;
}
}

五、Pojo --- Items

package com.springmvc.pojo;

import java.util.Date;

public class Items {

private int id;
private String name;
private double price;
private Date createtime;
private String detail;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public double getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(double price) {
this.price = price;
}
public Date getCreatetime() {
return createtime;
}
public void setCreatetime(Date createtime) {
this.createtime = createtime;
}
public String getDetail() {
return detail;
}
public void setDetail(String detail) {
this.detail = detail;
}
public Items(int id, String name, double price, Date createtime, String detail) {
super();
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.price = price;
this.createtime = createtime;
this.detail = detail;
}

}

六、视图View

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt"  prefix="fmt"%>
<%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>查询商品列表</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/item/queryitem.action" method="post">
查询条件：
<table width="100%" border=1>
<tr>
<td><input type="submit" value="查询"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
商品列表：
<table width="100%" border=1>
<tr>
<td>商品名称</td>
<td>商品价格</td>
<td>生产日期</td>
<td>商品描述</td>
<td>操作</td>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${itemList}" var="item">
<tr>
<td>${item.name}</td>
<td>${item.price}</td>
<td>
<fmt:formatDate value="${item.createtime}" pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"/>
</td>
<td>${item.detail}</td>

<td><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/itemEdit.action?id=${item.id}">修改</a></td>

</tr>
</c:forEach>

</table>
</form>
</body>

</html>