11.18 Apache用户认证 11.19/11.20 域名跳转 11.21 Apache访问日志

11.18 Apache用户认证

vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

<VirtualHost *:80>

DocumentRoot "/data/wwwroot/111.com";

ServerName111.com

ServerAlias www.example.com

<Directory /data/wwwroot/111.com> //指定认证的目录

AllowOverride AuthConfig //这个相当于打开认证的开关

AuthName "111.com user auth" //自定义认证的名字，作用不大

AuthType Basic //认证的类型，一般为Basic

AuthUserFile /data/.htpasswd //指定密码文件所在位置

require valid-user //指定需要认证的用户为全部可用用户

</Directory>

</VirtualHost>

/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/htpasswd -c -m /data/.htpasswd -c nan



（注：htpasswd命令是Apache的Web服务器内置工具，用于创建和更新储存用户名、域和用户基本认证的密码文件。）

cat /data/.htpasswd

重新加载配置-t , graceful

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t

Syntax OK

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful

windows绑定hosts，浏览器测试

curl -x127.0.0.1:80 111.com //状态码为401

curl -x192.168.174.128:80 111.com

curl -x127.0.0.1:80 -unan:123123 111.com //状态码为200





还可以针对单个文件进行认证

vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

<VirtualHost *:80>

DocumentRoot "/data/wwwroot/111.com"

ServerName 111.com

<FilesMatch 123.php>

AllowOverride AuthConfig

AuthName "111.com user auth"

AuthType Basic

AuthUserFile /data/.htpasswd

require valid-user

</FilesMatch>

</VirtualHost>

把<Directory /data/wwwroot/111.com>注释掉 加上<FilesMatch 123.php>

重新加载配置-t , graceful

vim /data/wwwroot/111.com/123.php

<?php

echo "123.php";

?>

curl -x192.168.174.128:80 111.com

curl -x192.168.174.128:80 111.com/123.php



11.19/11.20 域名跳转

需求把2111.com域名跳转到111.com，配置如下：

vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

注释掉<Directory>模块

添加以下内容

<VirtualHost *:80>

DocumentRoot “/data/wwwroot/111.com”

ServerName 111.com

ServerAlias www.example.com2111.com.cn

<IfModule mod_rewrite.c> //需要mod_rewrite模块支持

RewriteEngine on //打开rewrite功能

RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^111.com$

#定义rewrite的条件，主机名（域名）不是www.123.com满足条件

RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ http://111.com/$1 [R=301,L]

#定义rewrite规则，当满足上面的条件时，这条规则才会执行

</IfModule>

</VirtualHost>

/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -M|grep -i rewrite

//若无该模块，需要编辑配置文件httpd.conf，删除rewrite_module (shared) 前面的#

vi /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf 搜rewrite 删除前面的#

改完配置文件，先检测-t ，再加载graceful

/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t

/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful

curl -x127.0.0.1:80 -I 111.com //状态码为301 （301永久重定向，302临时）

curl -x127.0.0.1:80 111.com

curl -x127.0.0.1:80 http://111.com/123.php -I

curl -x127.0.0.1:80 www.example.com

C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc hosts 记得配置



vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf

curl -x192.168.174.128:80 111.com/123.php -I

11.21 Apache访问日志



访问日志记录用户的每一个请求

vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf //搜索LogFormat

LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined

LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common

把虚拟主机配置文件改成如下：把common改成combined

combined 可以显示更多的信息

vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

<VirtualHost *:80>

ErrorLog "logs/111.com-error_log"

CustomLog "logs/111.com-access_log" combined

</VirtualHost>

重新加载配置文件 -t,graceful

curl -x127.0.0.1:80 -I 111.com/123.php

tail /usr/local/apache2.4/logs/111.com-access_log



扩展

apache虚拟主机开启php的短标签 http://ask.apelearn.com/question/5370