Redis集群生产环境高可用方案实战过程

布署方案说明1、sentinel负责对redis集群中的主从服务监控、提醒和自动故障转移
2、redis集群负责对外提供相关服务
Sentinel原理介绍原理：
sentinel是一个分布式系统，可以在一个架构中运行多个sentinel进程，这些进程使用流言协议（gossip protocols）来接收关于rdis主服务器是否下线的信息，并使用投票协议（agreement protocols）来决定是否执行自动故障迁移，以及选举哪个从服务器成为新的主服务器。
流言协议：

sentinel服务通过ping命令来确认监控的服务器是否正常，当足够多数量的sentinel都确认监控的同一服务器停止服务了（主观下线），则判定此服务器停止服务。
投票协议：
其实就选举，sentinel集群根据一定的规则从redis群中选择一个新的服务器成为主服务器，并使其它的服务器做为新的从服务器，并修改自身的配置文件。
服务器布署规划实验环境采用两台服务器模拟集群环境
服务器系统环境
Centos 6.6 x86_64
Master服务器 10.0.0.3/24
Redis-Mster 10.0.0.3:6379
Redis-Slave1 10.0.0.3:63791
Redis-Slave2 10.0.0.3:63792
Sentinel服务
s 10.0.0.3:26379
s1 10.0.0.3:26378
Slave服务器 10.0.0.4/24
Redis-Slave3 10.0.0.4:63793
Redis-Slave4 10.0.0.4:63794
Sentinel服务
s2 10.0.0.4:26379
s3 10.0.0.4:26378
故障切换前后逻辑图

Redis-sentinel服务配置主服务器上安装布署过程
安装redis服务
mkdir /usr/local/redis/data

cd /usr/local/src
wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-2.8.9.tar.gz tar zxf redis-2.8.9.tar.gz
cd redis-2.8.9
make && make install
复制配置文件
cp redis.conf /usr/local/bin/

cd /usr/local/bin
cp redis.conf redis-slave1
cp redis.conf redis-slave2
修改配置文件
[root@master bin]#vi redis.conf
daemonize yes #开启后台运行模式pidfile /var/run/redis.pidbind 10.0.0.3dbfilename dump.rdbdir /usr/local/redis/dataport 6379[root@master bin]#vi redis-slave1daemonize yespidfile /var/run/redis-slave1.pidport 63791bind 10.0.0.3dbfilename dump-slave1.rdbdir /usr/local/redis/dataslaveof 10.0.0.3 6379slave-read-only yes[root@master bin]#vi redis-slave2daemonize yespidfile /var/run/redis-slave2.pidport 63792bind 10.0.0.3dbfilename dump-slave2.rdbdir /usr/local/redis/dataslaveof 10.0.0.3 6379配置redis-sentinel服务mkdir /var/log/redis -pcp /usr/local/src/redis-2.8.9/src/redis-sentinel /usr/bin/cp /usr/local/src/redis-2.8.9/src/sentinel.conf /usr/local/bin/cd /usr/local/bincp sentinel.conf sentinel-s1.conf修改配置文件[root@master bin]# egrep -v "^#|^$" sentinel.confport 26379daemonize yeslogfile /var/log/redis/sentinel.logsentinel monitor mymaster 10.0.0.3 6379 2sentinel down-after-milliseconds mymaster 30000sentinel parallel-syncs mymaster 1sentinel failover-timeout mymaster 180000[root@master bin]# egrep -v "^#|^$" sentinel-s1.confport 26378daemonize yeslogfile /var/log/redis/sentinel-s1.logsentinel monitor mymaster 10.0.0.3 6379 2sentinel down-after-milliseconds mymaster 30000sentinel parallel-syncs mymaster 1sentinel failover-timeout mymaster 180000以上配置从服务器操作过程同上 启动服务启动redis服务
[root@master bin]# redis-server redis.conf[root@master bin]# redis-server redis-slave1[root@master bin]# redis-server redis-slave2[root@master bin]# ps -ef|grep redis root 2579 1 0 23:55 ? 00:00:00 redis-server 10.0.0.3:6379root 2585 1 0 23:55 ? 00:00:00 redis-server 10.0.0.3:63792root 2590 1 0 23:55 ? 00:00:00 redis-server 10.0.0.3:63791root 2597 2479 0 23:56 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto redis[root@slave bin]# redis-server redis-slave3[root@slave bin]# redis-server redis-slave4[root@slave bin]# ps -ef|grep redisroot 2576 1 0 23:56 ? 00:00:00 redis-server 10.0.0.4:63793root 2580 1 0 23:56 ? 00:00:00 redis-server 10.0.0.4:63794root 2584 2502 0 23:56 00:00:00 grep --color=auto redis启动redis-sentinel服务
[root@master bin]# redis-sentinel sentinel.conf[root@master bin]# redis-sentinel sentinel-s1.conf[root@master bin]# ps -ef|grep redis-sentinel root 2638 1 0 01:05 ? 00:00:04 redis-sentinel *:26379root 2646 1 0 01:13 ? 00:00:00 redis-sentinel *:26378root 2650 2479 0 01:13 00:00:00 grep --color=auto redis[root@slave bin]# redis-sentinel sentinel-s2.conf[root@slave bin]# redis-sentinel sentinel-s3.conf [root@slave bin]# ps -ef|grep redis-sentinelroot 2644 1 1 01:14 ? 00:00:00 redis-sentinel *:26378root 2649 1 0 01:14 ? 00:00:00 redis-sentinel *:26379root 2653 2502 0 01:15 00:00:00 grep --color=auto redis-sentinel 查看日志观察启动过程[root@master bin]# tail -f /var/log/redis/sentinel.log `-.__.-' [2664] 12 May 01:20:11.036 # Sentinel runid is c327be464ef36e670566a0d76c9dc85bac7f33b1[2664] 12 May 01:20:11.036 # +monitor master mymaster 10.0.0.3 6379 quorum 2[2664] 12 May 01:20:11.123 * -dup-sentinel master mymaster 10.0.0.3 6379 #duplicate of 10.0.0.3:26378 or fb1fbe73b51a0a6e71a8ceae57d34ef773d086e3[2664] 12 May 01:20:11.123 * +sentinel sentinel 10.0.0.3:26378 10.0.0.3 26378 @ mymaster 10.0.0.3 6379[2664] 12 May 01:20:21.410 * -dup-sentinel master mymaster 10.0.0.3 6379 #duplicate of 10.0.0.4:26379 or 3d43ddea4d4ba8de7dd30e2d332723508f6d4c19[2664] 12 May 01:20:21.410 * +sentinel sentinel 10.0.0.4:26379 10.0.0.4 26379 @ mymaster 10.0.0.3 6379[2664] 12 May 01:20:25.103 * -dup-sentinel master mymaster 10.0.0.3 6379 #duplicate of 10.0.0.4:26378 or 6d134d9a3e53c0cb70de842281de8aaf17a84c00[2664] 12 May 01:20:25.103 * +sentinel sentinel 10.0.0.4:26378 10.0.0.4 26378 @ mymaster 10.0.0.3 6379可以看出有其它监控服务器加入到集群中来
查看配置文件是否有变化root@master bin]# egrep -v "^#|^$" sentinel-s1.conf port 26378daemonize yeslogfile "/var/log/redis/sentinel-s1.log"sentinel monitor mymaster 10.0.0.3 6379 2sentinel config-epoch mymaster 0sentinel leader-epoch mymaster 0sentinel known-slave mymaster 10.0.0.3 63792dir "/usr/local/bin"sentinel known-slave mymaster 10.0.0.4 63793sentinel known-slave mymaster 10.0.0.4 63794sentinel known-slave mymaster 10.0.0.3 63791sentinel known-sentinel mymaster 10.0.0.3 26379 c327be464ef36e670566a0d76c9dc85bac7f33b1sentinel known-sentinel mymaster 10.0.0.4 26379 3d43ddea4d4ba8de7dd30e2d332723508f6d4c19sentinel known-sentinel mymaster 10.0.0.4 26378 6d134d9a3e53c0cb70de842281de8aaf17a84c00sentinel current-epoch 0 通过日志观察故障切换过程模拟主服务器故障并查看故障切换
[root@master bin]# redis-cli -h 10.0.0.3 -p 6379 shutdown[root@master bin]# ps -ef|grep redisroot 2585 1 0 May11 ? 00:00:07 redis-server 10.0.0.3:63792root 2590 1 0 May11 ? 00:00:07 redis-server 10.0.0.3:63791root 2660 1 0 01:20 ? 00:00:02 redis-sentinel *:26378root 2664 1 0 01:20 ? 00:00:02 redis-sentinel *:26379root 2676 2479 0 01:30 00:00:00 grep --color=auto redis此时发现主服务器进程不存在，说明服务有故障
清空原来的日志并查看故障切换过程
[root@slave bin]# > /var/log/redis/sentinel-s3.log [root@slave bin]# tail -f /var/log/redis/sentinel-s3.log[2669] 12 May 01:30:55.203 # +sdown master mymaster 10.0.0.3 6379[2669] 12 May 01:30:55.276 # +new-epoch 1[2669] 12 May 01:30:55.280 # +vote-for-leader c327be464ef36e670566a0d76c9dc85bac7f33b1 1[2669] 12 May 01:30:56.329 # +odown master mymaster 10.0.0.3 6379 #quorum 4/2[2669] 12 May 01:30:57.547 # +switch-master mymaster 10.0.0.3 6379 10.0.0.3 63792[2669] 12 May 01:30:57.548 * +slave slave 10.0.0.4:63794 10.0.0.4 63794 @ mymaster 10.0.0.3 63792[2669] 12 May 01:30:57.553 * +slave slave 10.0.0.4:63793 10.0.0.4 63793 @ mymaster 10.0.0.3 63792[2669] 12 May 01:30:57.556 * +slave slave 10.0.0.3:63791 10.0.0.3 63791 @ mymaster 10.0.0.3 63792[2669] 12 May 01:30:57.561 * +slave slave 10.0.0.3:6379 10.0.0.3 6379 @ mymaster 10.0.0.3 63792[2669] 12 May 01:31:27.620 # +sdown slave 10.0.0.3:6379 10.0.0.3 6379 @ mymaster 10.0.0.3 63792可以看出判定master主观下线（+sdown），sentinel选举10.0.0.3 63792为新的主服务器，其它slave自动执行slaveof ，故障转移成功 恢复原主服务器[root@master bin]# redis-server redis.conf[root@master bin]# ps -ef|grep redisroot 2585 1 0 May11 ? 00:00:08 redis-server 10.0.0.3:63792root 2590 1 0 May11 ? 00:00:08 redis-server 10.0.0.3:63791root 2660 1 0 01:20 ? 00:00:05 redis-sentinel *:26378root 2664 1 0 01:20 ? 00:00:05 redis-sentinel *:26379root 2683 1 0 01:36 ? 00:00:00 redis-server 10.0.0.3:6379root 2689 2479 0 01:36 00:00:00 grep --color=auto redis[root@slave bin]# tail -f /var/log/redis/sentinel-s3.log[2673] 12 May 01:36:21.925 # -sdown slave 10.0.0.3:6379 10.0.0.3 6379 @ mymaster 10.0.0.3 63792当原来主服务器故障恢复后，自动以从角色加入到集群，并不会抢占主服务器的角色 测试读写分离[root@master bin]# redis-cli -h 10.0.0.3 -p 6379210.0.0.3:63792> get key"test"10.0.0.3:63792> set key fileOK10.0.0.3:63792> get key"file"[root@master bin]# redis-cli -h 10.0.0.3 -p 637910.0.0.3:6379> get key"file"10.0.0.3:6379> set key file1(error) READONLY You can't write against a read only slave.说明新主是提升成功的，原来的主故障恢复后已是从服务器，而且也是只读状态，没有破坏之前的主写从读的状态至此整个布署过程结束，实现了集群监控与自动故障切换、读写分离的功能