Spring Boot教程（二十五）关于RabbitMQ服务器整合

准备工作

15min

IDEA

maven 3.0

在开始构建项目之前，机器需要安装rabbitmq，你可以去官网下载，http://www.rabbitmq.com/download.html ，如果你是用的Mac（程序员都应该用mac吧），你可以这样下载：

brew install rabbitmq

安装完成后开启服务器：

rabbitmq-server

开启服务器成功，你可以看到以下信息：

RabbitMQ 3.1.3. Copyright (C) 2007-2013 VMware, Inc.
##  ##      Licensed under the MPL.  See http://www.rabbitmq.com/ ##  ##
##########  Logs: /usr/local/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost.log
######  ##        /usr/local/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost-sasl.log
##########
Starting broker... completed with 6 plugins.

构建工程

构架一个SpringBoot工程，其pom文件依赖加上spring-boot-starter-amqp的起步依赖：

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

创建消息接收者

在任何的消息队列程序中，你需要创建一个消息接收者，用于响应发送的消息。

@Component
public class Receiver {

private CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);

public void receiveMessage(String message) {
System.out.println("Received <" + message + ">");
latch.countDown();
}

public CountDownLatch getLatch() {
return latch;
}

}

消息接收者是一个简单的POJO类，它定义了一个方法去接收消息，当你注册它去接收消息，你可以给它取任何的名字。其中，它有CountDownLatch这样的一个类，它是用于告诉发送者消息已经收到了，你不需要在应用程序中具体实现它，只需要latch.countDown()就行了。

创建消息监听，并发送一条消息

在spring程序中，RabbitTemplate提供了发送消息和接收消息的所有方法。你只需简单的配置下就行了：

需要一个消息监听容器

声明一个quene,一个exchange,并且绑定它们

一个组件去发送消息

代码清单如下：

package com.forezp;

import com.forezp.message.Receiver;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessageListenerAdapter;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootRabbitmqApplication {

final static String queueName = "spring-boot";

@Bean
Queue queue() {
return new Queue(queueName, false);
}

@Bean
TopicExchange exchange() {
return new TopicExchange("spring-boot-exchange");
}

@Bean
Binding binding(Queue queue, TopicExchange exchange) {
return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(queueName);
}

@Bean
SimpleMessageListenerContainer container(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory,
MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter) {
SimpleMessageListenerContainer container = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer();
container.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
container.setQueueNames(queueName);
container.setMessageListener(listenerAdapter);
return container;
}

@Bean
MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter(Receiver receiver) {
return new MessageListenerAdapter(receiver, "receiveMessage");
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringbootRabbitmqApplication.class, args);
}
}

创建一个测试方法：

@Component
public class Runner implements CommandLineRunner {

private final RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
private final Receiver receiver;
private final ConfigurableApplicationContext context;

public Runner(Receiver receiver, RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate,
ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
this.receiver = receiver;
this.rabbitTemplate = rabbitTemplate;
this.context = context;
}

@Override
public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Sending message...");
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(Application.queueName, "Hello from RabbitMQ!");
receiver.getLatch().await(10000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
context.close();
}

}

启动程序，你会发现控制台打印：

Sending message...
Received <Hello from RabbitMQ!>

源码来源