Spring Boot的应用启动与关闭的方法

摘要: spring boot

Spring Boot，作为Spring框架对“约定优先于配置(Convention Over Configuration)”理念的最佳实践的产物，它能帮助我们很快捷的创建出独立运行、产品级别的基于Spring框架的应用，大部分Spring Boot应用只需要非常少的配置就可以快速运行起来，是一个与微服务(MicroServices)相当契合的微框架。

1.应用打包

Spring Boot应用可以打成jar包，其中内嵌tomcat，因此可以直接启动使用。但是在Spring Boot应用启动之前，首先需要进行打包，本文讲述的是Maven工程的打包，打包需要的前提条件(pom.xml文件中的内容)是：

...

<packaging>jar</packaging>

...

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

...

<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<mainClass>com.***.Application</mainClass>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>repackage</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>

...

打包命令为：

mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true
# Demo
$ mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[WARNING]
[WARNING] Some problems were encountered while building the effective model for com.example:myproject:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[WARNING] 'build.plugins.plugin.version' for org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-maven-plugin is missing. @ line 38, column 17
[WARNING]
[WARNING] It is highly recommended to fix these problems because they threaten the stability of your build.
[WARNING]
[WARNING] For this reason, future Maven versions might no longer support building such malformed projects.
[WARNING]
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building myproject 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ myproject ---
[INFO] Deleting /Users/ltc/Spring Boot Demo/target
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ myproject ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Copying 1 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ myproject ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding UTF-8, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to /Users/ltc/Spring Boot Demo/target/classes
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ myproject ---
[INFO] Not copying test resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ myproject ---
[INFO] Not compiling test sources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ myproject ---
[INFO] Tests are skipped.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:2.4:jar (default-jar) @ myproject ---
[INFO] Building jar: /Users/ltc/Spring Boot Demo/target/myproject-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO]
[INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.5.0.RC1:repackage (default) @ myproject ---
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 1.861 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2017-01-13T15:31:32+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 26M/308M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

或在eclipse中运行run -> Maven build...，在Goals中填写clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true，运行，打包完成。

2.应用启动

Spring Boot的启动命令为：

java -jar application.jar
# Demo
$ java -jar target/myproject-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
.  ____     _      __ _ _
/\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
\\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) )
' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
:: Spring Boot ::    (v1.4.3.RELEASE)
............
2017-01-13 15:31:39.944 INFO 62119 --- [      main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http)
2017-01-13 15:31:39.949 INFO 62119 --- [      main] com.test.Example             : Started Example in 4.292 seconds (JVM running for 4.726)

3.应用关闭

下面主要有两种方式进行Spring Boot的关闭：通过HTTP发送shutdown信号，或者通过service stop的方式。ps -ef(-aux) | grep project_name --> kill -9 XXX

方式一:HTTP发送shutdown信号

Spring Boot应用关闭的前提条件是POM.xml添加以下内容：

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>

application.properties中添加：

#启用shutdown
endpoints.shutdown.enabled=true
#禁用密码验证
endpoints.shutdown.sensitive=false

关闭命令为：

curl -X POST host:port/shutdown
# Demo
$ curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/shutdown {"message":"Shutting down, bye..."}
$ curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/manage/shutdown {"message":"Shutting down, bye..."}

如果要配置路径，需要在application.properties中添加management.context-path=/manage，则关闭命令变为curl -X POST host:port/manage/shutdown。

方式二:服务方式

简单关闭：ps -ef(-aux) | grep project_name --> kill -9 XXX

startTest.sh内容如下：

#!/bin/sh
java -jar Test.jar &       #注意：必须有&让其后台执行，否则没有pid生成
echo $! > java.pid         #将jar包启动对应的pid写入文件中，为停止时提供pid

stopTest.sh内容如下：

#!/bin/sh
PID=$(cat java.pid )
kill -9 $PID

4.安全验证

如果在关闭时需要安全验证，则在pom.xml文件中添加：

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>

application.properties中添加：

#开启shutdown的安全验证
endpoints.shutdown.sensitive=true
#验证用户名
security.user.name=admin
#验证密码
security.user.password=admin
#角色
management.security.role=SUPERUSER
# 指定端口
management.port=8081
# 指定地址
management.address=127.0.0.1

关闭命令为：

curl -u admin:admin -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8081/manage/shutdown # Demo
$ curl -u admin:admin -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8081/manage/shutdown {"message":"Shutting down, bye..."}