JAVA 利用HttpClient封装get和post请求

在开发web项目时，有时候我们需要调用外部的接口。在查阅一下一些资料后，决定自己封装一个HttpRequest，此处是利用了HttpClient这个包：package com.master.core;

import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.apache.http.Header;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.zip.GZIPInputStream;
import java.util.zip.GZIPOutputStream;

/**
* 利用HttpClient封装 get 和 post请求
* Created by xiaoxia on 2018/2/23 0023.
*/
public class HttpRequest {
private final static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(HttpRequest.class);
private static final String GZIP_CONTENT_TYPE = "application/x-gzip";
private static final String DEFUALT_CONTENT_TYPE = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8";
public static final String USER_AGENT = "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 4.4.4; en-us; Nexus 4 Build/JOP40D) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/42.0.2307.2 Mobile Safari/537.36";

public static final int default_socketTimeout = 10000;

private HttpRequest(){}

/**
* 发送HTTP_POST请求 时默认采用UTF-8解码
* 该方法会自动对<code>params</code>中的[中文][|][ ]等特殊字符进行<code>URLEncoder.encode(string,encodeCharset)</code>
* @param reqURL 请求的url
* @param params 请求参数
* @return
*/
public static String sendPostRequest(String reqURL, Map<String, String> params){
return sendPostRequest(reqURL, params, false, null, null);
}

/**
* 发送HTTP_GET请求
* @param reqURL 请求的url地址(含参数),默认采用utf-8编码
* @return
*/
public static String sendGetRequest(String reqURL){
return sendGetRequest(reqURL,null,false);
}

public static String sendGetRequest(String reqURL, String encoding, Boolean inGZIP) {
long responseLength = 0;//响应长度
String responseContent = null; //响应内容
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(reqURL);

if(inGZIP){
httpGet.setHeader(HTTP.CONTENT_TYPE,GZIP_CONTENT_TYPE);
}
httpGet.setHeader(HTTP.USER_AGENT, USER_AGENT);
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(default_socketTimeout).setConnectTimeout(default_socketTimeout).build();
httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);

try {
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
try {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if(null != entity){
responseLength = entity.getContentLength();

if(inGZIP) {
responseContent = unGZipContent(entity, encoding == null ? "UTF-8" : encoding);
} else {
responseContent = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encoding == null ? "UTF-8" : encoding);
}

close(entity);
}
log.debug("请求地址: " + httpGet.getURI());
log.debug("响应状态: " + response.getStatusLine());
log.debug("响应长度: " + responseLength);
log.debug("响应内容: " + responseContent);
} finally {
response.close();//关闭连接,释放资源
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return responseContent;
}

public static String sendPostRequest(String reqURL, Map<String, String> params, Boolean gzip, String encodeCharset, String decodeCharset) {
String responseContent = null;
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(reqURL);
if(gzip){
httpPost.setHeader(HTTP.CONTENT_TYPE,GZIP_CONTENT_TYPE);
}
httpPost.setHeader(HTTP.USER_AGENT, USER_AGENT);

List<NameValuePair> formParams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); //创建参数队列
Set<Map.Entry<String, String>> paramSet = params.entrySet();

if(null != paramSet && paramSet.size() > 0){
for(Map.Entry<String,String> entry : paramSet){
formParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
}
}
log.debug("send params:"+formParams.toString());

try {
// 设置参数
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formParams, encodeCharset==null ? "UTF-8" : encodeCharset));

RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(default_socketTimeout).setConnectTimeout(default_socketTimeout).build();//设置请求和传输超时时间
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
try{
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (null != entity) {
String contentType = "";
Header[] headers = httpPost.getHeaders(HTTP.CONTENT_TYPE);
if(headers != null && headers.length>0){
contentType = headers[0].getValue();
}

if(contentType.equalsIgnoreCase(GZIP_CONTENT_TYPE)){
responseContent = unGZipContent(entity,decodeCharset==null ? "UTF-8" : decodeCharset);
}else{
responseContent = EntityUtils.toString(entity, decodeCharset==null ? "UTF-8" : decodeCharset);
}
close(entity);
}

log.debug("请求地址: " + httpPost.getURI());
log.debug("响应状态: " + response.getStatusLine());
log.debug("响应内容: " + responseContent);
} finally {
response.close();
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return responseContent;
}
/**
* 解压
* @param entity
* @param encoding
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String unGZipContent(HttpEntity entity,String encoding) throws IOException {
String responseContent = "";
GZIPInputStream gis = new GZIPInputStream(entity.getContent());
int count = 0;
byte data[] = new byte[1024];
while ((count = gis.read(data, 0, 1024)) != -1) {
String str = new String(data, 0, count,encoding);
responseContent += str;
}
return responseContent;
}

/**
* 压缩
* @param sendData
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static ByteArrayOutputStream gZipContent(String sendData) throws IOException{
if (StringUtils.isBlank(sendData)) {
return null;
}

ByteArrayOutputStream originalContent = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
originalContent.write(sendData.getBytes("UTF-8"));

ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
GZIPOutputStream gzipOut = new GZIPOutputStream(baos);
originalContent.writeTo(gzipOut);
gzipOut.close();
return baos;
}

public static void close(HttpEntity entity) throws IOException {
if (entity == null) {
return;
}
if (entity.isStreaming()) {
final InputStream instream = entity.getContent();
if (instream != null) {
instream.close();
}
}
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<>(2);
map.put("uuid","1");
// String string = HttpRequest.sendGetRequest("https://www.baidu.com?uuid=1");
String s = HttpRequest.sendPostRequest("https://www.baidu.com",map);
System.out.println(s);
}

}
pom中引入的依赖如下： <dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.5.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
</dependency>其实可以利用上面的写的sendGetRequest和sendPostRequest这两个方法 重载出很多的get和post请求方式，例如设置字符集，URLEncode，是否压缩等等。