Quartz.NET开源作业调度框架系列(五):AdoJobStore保存job到数据库

Quartz.NET 任务调度的核心元素是 scheduler, trigger 和 job，其中 trigger(用于定义调度时间的元素，即按照什么时间规则去执行任务) 和 job 是任务调度的元数据，scheduler 是实际执行调度的控制器。在Quartz.NET中主要有两种类型的 job：无状态的（stateless）和有状态的（stateful）。对于同一个 trigger 来说，有状态的 job 不能被并行执行，只有上一次触发的任务被执行完之后，才能触发下一次执行。无状态任务一般指可以并发的任务，即任务之间是独立的，不会互相干扰。一个 job 可以被多个 trigger 关联，但是一个 trigger 只能关联一个 job。某些任务需要对数据库中的数据进行增删改处理 , 这些任务不能并发执行，就需要用到无状态的任务 , 否则会造成数据混乱。

　　另外有些情况下,我们需要将任务保存到数据库中,特别是有些任务中包含参数,例如累加的任务,如果可以保存到数据库中,即便中间断电或者程序异常重启,中间计算的结果也不会丢失,可以从断点的结果进行运算(首先恢复任务),下面介绍一下如何用AdoJobStore将任务保存到SQL Server数据库中.

　　事先要在数据库上新建一个QRTZ_数据库,并执行SQL建表脚本:

1 RecoveryJob

　　是一个无状态的任务,代码如下:

1 using System;
2 using System.Collections.Specialized;
3 using System.Threading;
4 using Common.Logging;
5 using Quartz;
6 using Quartz.Impl;
7 using Quartz.Job;
8 using System.Windows.Forms;
9 namespace  QuartzDemo
10 {
11     /// <summary>
12     /// 无状态的可恢复的任务
13     /// </summary>
14     public class RecoveryJob : IJob
15     {
16
17         private const string Count = "count";
18         public virtual void Execute(IJobExecutionContext context)
19         {
20
21             JobKey jobKey = context.JobDetail.Key;
22             if (isOpen("FrmConsole"))
23             {
24                 try
25                 {
26                     //获取当前Form1实例
27                     __instance = (FrmConsole)Application.OpenForms["FrmConsole"];
28                     // 如果任务是恢复的任务的话
29                     if (context.Recovering)
30                     {
31                         __instance.SetInfo(string.Format("{0} RECOVERING at {1}", jobKey, DateTime.Now.ToString("r")));
32                     }
33                     else
34                     {
35                         __instance.SetInfo(string.Format("{0} starting at {1}", jobKey, DateTime.Now.ToString("r")));
36                     }
37
38                     JobDataMap data = context.JobDetail.JobDataMap;
39                     int count;
40                     if (data.ContainsKey(Count))
41                     {
42                         //是否能从数据库中恢复,如果保存Job等信息的话,程序运行突然终端(可用调试时中断运行,而不是关闭窗体来模拟)
43                         count = data.GetInt(Count);
44                     }
45                     else
46                     {
47                         count = 0;
48                     }
49                     count++;
50                     data.Put(Count, count);
51
52                     __instance.SetInfo(string.Format(" {0} Count #{1}", jobKey, count));
53                 }
54                 catch (Exception ex)
55                 {
56                     Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
57                 }
58             }
59         }
60
61
62         private static FrmConsole __instance = null;
63
64         /// <summary>
65         /// 判断窗体是否打开
66         /// </summary>
67         /// <param name="appName"></param>
68         /// <returns></returns>
69         private bool isOpen(string appName)
70         {
71             FormCollection collection = Application.OpenForms;
72             foreach (Form form in collection)
73             {
74                 if (form.Name == appName)
75                 {
76                     return true;
77                 }
78             }
79             return false;
80         }
81
82     }
83 }

2 RecoveryStatefulJob

　　是一个有状态的任务,和无状态的区别就是在任务类的上面用[PersistJobDataAfterExecution]标注任务是有状态的 , 有状态的任务不允许并发执行,也需要标注 [DisallowConcurrentExecution],代码如下:

1 using System;
2 using System.Collections.Specialized;
3 using System.Threading;
4 using Common.Logging;
5 using Quartz;
6 using Quartz.Impl;
7 using Quartz.Job;
8 using System.Windows.Forms;
9 namespace  QuartzDemo
10 {
11     /// <summary>
12     ///  用这个[PersistJobDataAfterExecution]标注任务是有状态的,
13     ///  有状态的任务不允许并发执行 [DisallowConcurrentExecution]
14     /// </summary>
15     [PersistJobDataAfterExecution]
16     [DisallowConcurrentExecution]
17     public class RecoveryStatefulJob : RecoveryJob
18     {
19
20     }
21 }

3 AdoJobStoreExample

　　用 properties["quartz.dataSource.default.connectionString"] = "Server=(local);Database=QRTZ_;Trusted_Connection=True;";定义了数据库的连接信息,程序运行时会自动将任务保存到数据库中:

1 using System;
2 using System.Collections.Specialized;
3 using System.Threading;
4 using Common.Logging;
5 using Quartz;
6 using Quartz.Impl;
7 using Quartz.Job;
8 using System.Windows.Forms;
9 namespace QuartzDemo
10 {
11     /// <summary>
12     ///  AdoJobStore的用法示例
13     /// </summary>
14     public class AdoJobStoreExample
15     {
16         public virtual void Run(bool inClearJobs, bool inScheduleJobs)
17         {
18             NameValueCollection properties = new NameValueCollection();
19
20             properties["quartz.scheduler.instanceName"] = "TestScheduler";
21             properties["quartz.scheduler.instanceId"] = "instance_one";
22             properties["quartz.threadPool.type"] = "Quartz.Simpl.SimpleThreadPool, Quartz";
23             properties["quartz.threadPool.threadCount"] = "5";
24             properties["quartz.threadPool.threadPriority"] = "Normal";
25             properties["quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold"] = "60000";
26             properties["quartz.jobStore.type"] = "Quartz.Impl.AdoJobStore.JobStoreTX, Quartz";
27             properties["quartz.jobStore.useProperties"] = "false";
28             properties["quartz.jobStore.dataSource"] = "default";
29             properties["quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix"] = "QRTZ_";
30             properties["quartz.jobStore.clustered"] = "true";
31             // SQLite
32             // properties["quartz.jobStore.lockHandler.type"] = "Quartz.Impl.AdoJobStore.UpdateLockRowSemaphore, Quartz";
33             properties["quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateType"] = "Quartz.Impl.AdoJobStore.SqlServerDelegate, Quartz";
34 　　　 // 数据库连接字符串
35             properties["quartz.dataSource.default.connectionString"] = "Server=(local);Database=QRTZ_;Trusted_Connection=True;";
36             properties["quartz.dataSource.default.provider"] = "SqlServer-20";
37
38             // First we must get a reference to a scheduler
39             ISchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory(properties);
40             IScheduler sched = sf.GetScheduler();
41
42             bool b是否恢复 = false;
43             if (inClearJobs)
44             {
45                Console.WriteLine("***** Deleting existing jobs/triggers *****");
46                // sched.Clear();
47             }
48
49
50             if (inScheduleJobs)
51             {
52
53                 string schedId = sched.SchedulerInstanceId;
54
55                 int count = 1;
56
57                 //定义一个无状态的任务
58                 IJobDetail job = JobBuilder.Create<RecoveryJob>()
59                     .WithIdentity("recoveryjob_" + count, schedId)
60                     .RequestRecovery() //recovery
61                     .Build();
62
63
64                 ISimpleTrigger trigger = (ISimpleTrigger)TriggerBuilder.Create()
65                                                               .WithIdentity("triger_" + count, schedId)
66                                                               .StartAt(DateBuilder.FutureDate(1, IntervalUnit.Second))
67                                                               .WithSimpleSchedule(x => x.WithRepeatCount(20).WithInterval(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(3)))
68                                                               .Build();
69                 //可用此来查看定义的触发器触发规则
70                 //log.InfoFormat("{0} will run at: {1} and repeat: {2} times, every {3} seconds",
71                 //job.Key, trigger.GetNextFireTimeUtc(),
72                 //trigger.RepeatCount,
73                 //trigger.RepeatInterval.TotalSeconds);
74                 try
75                 {
76                     //如果数据库已经存在同名job和trigger,则绑定失败
77                     sched.ScheduleJob(job, trigger);
78                 }
79                 catch
80                 {
81                     b是否恢复 = true;
82                 }
83                 count++;
84
85                 //定义一个有状态的任务***********************************************************
86                 job = JobBuilder.Create<RecoveryStatefulJob>()
87                     .WithIdentity("Statefuljob_" + count, schedId)
88                     .RequestRecovery() // recovery
89                     .Build();
90
91                 trigger = (ISimpleTrigger)TriggerBuilder.Create()
92                                                .WithIdentity("triger_" + count, schedId)
93                                                .StartAt(DateBuilder.FutureDate(1, IntervalUnit.Second))
94                                                .WithSimpleSchedule(x => x.WithRepeatCount(20).WithInterval(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(3)))
95                                                .Build();
96
97                 try
98                 {
99                     sched.ScheduleJob(job, trigger);
100                 }
101                 catch
102                 {
103                     b是否恢复 = true;
104                 }
105
106
107
108             }
109
110             //启动
111             sched.Start();
112             //sched.Shutdown();
113
114         }
115
116         public string Name
117         {
118             get { return GetType().Name; }
119         }
120
121         public void Run()
122         {
123             bool clearJobs = true;
124             //clearJobs = false;
125             bool scheduleJobs = true;
126             AdoJobStoreExample example = new AdoJobStoreExample();
127             example.Run(clearJobs, scheduleJobs);
128         }
129     }
130 }

　　可以看到有状态的计数每次累加1,而无状态的每次执行时都会丢失累加数(新的实例),中断程序,查看数据库的QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS表,可以看见还有一个持久化的任务:



　　中断程序后(调试状态时不关闭窗体,而是中断调试,模拟异常关闭) ,再重新运行可以看到如下界面: