【django+xadmin实战】0129笔记——models的设计

model层的创建

1.userModel的设计
（1）把新建的user继承已经存在的user类，使得更加方便；
class UserProfile(AbstractUser):
nick_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"昵称", default="")
birthday = models.DateField(verbose_name=u"生日", null=True, blank=True)
gender = models.CharField(max_length=6, choices=(("male", u"男"), ("female", "女")), default="female")
address = models.CharField(max_length=100, default=u"")
mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, null=True, blank=True)
image = models.ImageField(upload_to="image/%Y/%m", default=u"image/default.png", max_length=100)

class Meta:
verbose_name = "用户信息"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

def __unicode__(self):
return self.username
（2）在settings中注册信息，AUTH_USER_MODEL = "users.UserProfile"，使得继承重载
（3）使用makemigration和migrate命令进行迁移
（4）加入邮箱验证码和首页轮播图的model信息
class EmailVerifyRecord(models.Model):
code = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u"验证码")
email = models.EmailField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"邮箱")
send_type = models.CharField(verbose_name=u"验证码类型", choices=(("register",u"注册"),("forget",u"找回密码"), ("update_email",u"修改邮箱")), max_length=30)
send_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name=u"发送时间", default=datetime.now)

class Meta:
verbose_name = u"邮箱验证码"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

def __unicode__(self):
return '{0}({1})'.format(self.code, self.email)

class Banner(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u"标题")
image = models.ImageField(upload_to="banner/%Y/%m", verbose_name=u"轮播图", max_length=100)
url = models.URLField(max_length=200, verbose_name=u"访问地址")
index = models.IntegerField(default=100, verbose_name=u"顺序")
add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

class Meta:
verbose_name = u"轮播图"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

2.courseModel的设计
（1）class Course(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"课程名")
desc = models.CharField(max_length=300, verbose_name=u"课程描述")
detail = models.TextField(verbose_name=u"课程详情")
degree = models.CharField(verbose_name=u"难度", choices=(("cj", "初级"), ("zj", "中级"), ("gj","高级")), max_length=2)
learn_times = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"学习时长(分钟数)")
students = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'学习人数')
fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'收藏人数')
image = models.ImageField(upload_to="courses/%Y/%m", verbose_name=u"封面图", max_length=100)
click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"点击数")
add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

class Meta:
verbose_name = u"课程"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

（2）django不存在一对多或者多对对于一的关系，只存在外键的映射；

（3）外键的设置
class BannerCourse(Course):
class Meta:
verbose_name = "轮播课程"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
proxy = True

class Lesson(models.Model):
course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u"课程")
name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u"章节名")
add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

class Meta:
verbose_name = u"章节"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

class Video(models.Model):
lesson = models.ForeignKey(Lesson, verbose_name=u"章节")
name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u"视频名")
add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

class Meta:
verbose_name = u"视频"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

class CourseResource(models.Model):
course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u"课程")
name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u"名称")
download = models.FileField(upload_to="course/resource/%Y/%m", verbose_name=u"资源文件", max_length=100)
add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

class Meta:
verbose_name = u"课程资源"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

3.organizationModel的设计:
class CityDict(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u"城市")
desc = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name=u"描述")
add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)

class Meta:
verbose_name = u"城市"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

class CourseOrg(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"机构名称")
desc = models.TextField(verbose_name=u"机构描述")
tag = models.CharField(default="全国知名", max_length=10, verbose_name=u"机构标签")
category = models.CharField(default="pxjg", verbose_name=u"机构类别", max_length=20, choices=(("pxjg", "培训机构"), ("gr", "个人"), ("gx", "高校")))
click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"点击数")
fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"收藏数")
image = models.ImageField(upload_to="org/%Y/%m", verbose_name=u"logo", max_length=100)
address = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name=u"机构地址")
students = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"学习人数")
course_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"课程数")
add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)
city = models.ForeignKey(CityDict, verbose_name=u"所在城市")

class Meta:
verbose_name = u"课程机构"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

class Teacher(models.Model):
org = models.ForeignKey(CourseOrg, verbose_name=u"所属机构")
name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"教师名")
work_years = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"工作年限")
work_company = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"就职公司")
work_position = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"公司职位")
points = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"教学特点")
click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"点击数")
fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"收藏数")
age = models.IntegerField(default=18, verbose_name=u"年龄")
image = models.ImageField(default='', upload_to="teacher/%Y/%m", verbose_name=u"头像", max_length=100)
add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)

class Meta:
verbose_name = u"教师"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

4.operationModel的设计
class UserAsk(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u"姓名")
mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, verbose_name=u"手机")
course_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"课程名")
add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

class Meta:
verbose_name = u"用户咨询"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

class CourseComments(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u"用户")
course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u"课程")
comments = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name=u"评论")
add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

class Meta:
verbose_name = u"课程评论"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

class UserFavorite(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u"用户")
fav_id = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"数据id")
fav_type = models.IntegerField(choices=((1, "课程"), (2, "课程机构"),(3, "讲师")), default=1, verbose_name=u"收藏类型")
add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

class Meta:
verbose_name = u"用户收藏"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

class UserMessage(models.Model):
user = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"接收用户")
message = models.CharField(max_length=500, verbose_name=u"消息内容")
has_read = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name=u"是否已读")
add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

class Meta:
verbose_name = u"用户消息"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

class UserCourse(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u"用户")
course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u"课程")
add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

class Meta:
verbose_name = u"用户课程"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

5.根据上面的model生成相应的表结构
1)直接使用makemigration命令
2）新建包-apps
3）把其余包拖入apps
4）把apps文件夹makesource
5）在settings中，把apps文件夹的路径加入进来，sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'apps'))