spring通过profile实现开发和测试环境切换

以开发测试为例，介绍tomcat部署应用和maven部署应用下利用profile实现测试环境和开发环境切换
一、tomcat部署应用1、数据源配置dev.properties 路径：/src/main/resrouces

jdbc.database=MYSQL
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://mysql:3306/develop?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.schema=develop
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=12qw4ds

test.properties 路径：/src/main/resrouces

jdbc.database=MYSQL
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.schema=test
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

applicationContext-detabase.xml 路径:src/main/resources/spring

<beans profile="development">
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.SimpleDriverDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>
</beans>

<beans profile="test">
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.SimpleDriverDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>
</beans>

2、springmvc.xml webapp/WEB-INF
可以通过定义 profile 来将开发和生产环境的数据源配置分开

<beans profile="development">
<context:property-placeholder ignore-unresolvable="true" ignore-resource-not-found="true" file-encoding="UTF-8"
location="classpath:dev.properties" />
</beans>

<beans profile="test">
<context:property-placeholder ignore-unresolvable="true" ignore-resource-not-found="true" file-encoding="UTF-8"
location="test.properties" />
</beans>

2、web.xml中定义默认的profile：

默认 profile 是指在没有任何 profile 被激活的情况下，默认 profile 内定义的内容将被使用，通常可以在 web.xml 中定义全局 servlet 上下文参数 spring.profiles.default 实现

<!-- 配置spring的默认profile -->
<context-param>
<param-name>spring.profiles.default</param-name>
<param-value>development</param-value>
</context-param>

4、激活profile
spring 为我们提供了大量的激活 profile 的方法，可以通过代码来激活，也可以通过系统环境变量、JVM参数、servlet上下文参数来定spring.profiles.active 参数激活 profile，这里我们通过定义 JVM 参数实现。以 tomcat 为例，我们在 tomcat 的启动脚本中加入以下 JVM 参数

JAVA_OPTS="-Dspring.profiles.active=development -server -XX:PermSize=256M -XX:MaxPermSize=512M -Xms1024M -Xmx1024M -Xss512k -XX:LargePageSizeInBytes=128m -XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=15 -XX:+Aggr
essiveOpts -XX:+UseBiasedLocking -XX:+DisableExplicitGC -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:+CMSParallelRemarkEnabled -XX:+UseFastAccessorMethods -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly -
XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -XX:HeapDumpPath=$CATALINA_BASE/heap.dump.bin -Djava.awt.headless=true"

如果不定义，则会使用我们指定的默认 profile

二、maven部署应用
1、配置文件
dev.properties 路径为 /src/main/resources/filter

master.jdbc.driverClass = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
master.jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://mysql-dev:3306/dev
master.jdbc.user = root
master.jdbc.password = Aa12345678

test.properties 路径为 /src/main/resources/filter

master.jdbc.driverClass = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
master.jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://mysql-test:3306/test
master.jdbc.user = root
master.jdbc.password = root

config.properties 路径：/src/main/resource/META-INF

master.jdbc.driverClass = ${master.jdbc.driverClass}
master.jdbc.url = ${master.jdbc.url}
master.jdbc.user = ${master.jdbc.user}
master.jdbc.password = ${master.jdbc.password}

spring-datasource.xml 路径为：/src/main/resources/spring

<bean id="dataSourceMaster" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${master.jdbc.driverClass}"/>
<property name="url" value="${master.jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${master.jdbc.user}"/>
<property name="password" value="${master.jdbc.password}"/>
<property name="filters" value="stat"/>
<property name="maxActive" value="50"/>
<property name="initialSize" value="0"/>
<property name="maxWait" value="60000"/>
<property name="minIdle" value="0"/>
<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000"/>
<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="300000"/>
<property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT 'x'"/>
<property name="testWhileIdle" value="true"/>
<property name="testOnBorrow" value="false"/>
<property name="testOnReturn" value="false"/>
</bean>

2、pom.xml

<profiles>
<profile>
<id>dev</id>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
</activation>
<properties>
<profile.file.name>/profile/dev.properties</profile.file.name>
<package.target>dev</package.target>
</properties>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>test</id>
<properties>
<profile.file.name>/profile/test.properties</profile.file.name>
<package.target>test</package.target>
</properties>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>pro</id>
<properties>
<profile.file.name>/profile/pro.properties</profile.file.name>
<package.target>pro</package.target>
</properties>
</profile>
</profiles>

.......

<!-- 定义配置文件路径 -->
<build>
<filters>
<filter>src/main/resources/filter/${env}.properties</filter>
</filters>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<excludes>
<exclude>template**/**</exclude>
</excludes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>

其中默认激活可以做如下配置

<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
</activation>

filters：用于定义指定filter属性文件位置，例如filter元素赋值filters/filter1.properties，那么这个文件里面就可以定义name=value对，这个name=value对的值就可以在工程pom中通过${name}引用，默认的filter目录是${basedir}/src/main/filters/
resources：描述工程中资源的位置
3、spring-bean.xml

<bean id="propertyConfigurer"
class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="locations">
<list>
<value>classpath:/META-INF/config.properties</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<import resource="spring-datasource.xml"/>

4、web.xml

<!-- 配置Spring初始文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath:spring/spring-bean.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>

5、打包

maven clean install -Pdev