【转载】深入浅出mongoose

'usestrict';

constmongoose=require('mongoose');

mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost:27017/test');
constcon=mongoose.connection;
con.on('error',console.error.bind(console,'连接数据库失败'));
con.once('open',()=>{
//定义一个schema
letSchema=mongoose.Schema({
category:String,
name:String
});
Schema.methods.eat=function(){
console.log("I'veeattenone"+this.name);
}
//继承一个schema
letModel=mongoose.model("fruit",Schema);
//生成一个document
letapple=newModel({
category:'apple',
name:'apple'
});
//存放数据
apple.save((err,apple)=>{
if(err)returnconsole.log(err);
apple.eat();
//查找数据
Model.find({name:'apple'},(err,data)=>{
console.log(data);
})
});
})

深入浅出mongoose

Schema

//frommongooseauthor
varmongoose=require('mongoose');
varSchema=mongoose.Schema;

varblogSchema=newSchema({
title:String,
author:String,
body:String,
comments:[{body:String,date:Date}],
date:{type:Date,default:Date.now},
hidden:Boolean,
meta:{
votes:Number,
favs:Number
}
});

//在field设置
varanimalSchema=newSchema({
name:String,
type:String,
tags:{type:[String],index:true}
});
//在Schema.index中设置.
animalSchema.index({name:1,type:-1});

//1表示正序,-1表示逆序

mongoose.connect('mongodb://user:pass@localhost:port/database',{config:{autoIndex:false}});//真心推荐
//or
mongoose.createConnection('mongodb://user:pass@localhost:port/database',{config:{autoIndex:false}});//不推荐
//or
animalSchema.set('autoIndex',false);//推荐
//or
newSchema({..},{autoIndex:false});//懒癌不推荐

//定义一个schema
varfreshSchema=newSchema({name:String,type:String});

//添加一个fn.
animalSchema.methods.findSimilarTypes=function(cb){
//这里的this指的是具体document上的this
returnthis.model('Animal').find({type:this.type},cb);
}
//实际上,我们可以通过schema绑定上,数据库操作的所有方法.
//该method实际上是绑定在实例的doc上的

//生成,model类.实际上就相当于我们的一个collection
varAnimal=mongoose.model('Animal',animalSchema);
vardog=newAnimal({type:'dog'});

//给model添加一个findByName方法
animalSchema.statics.findByName=function(name,cb){
//这里的this指的就是Model
returnthis.find({name:newRegExp(name,'i')},cb);
}

varAnimal=mongoose.model('Animal',animalSchema);
Animal.findByName('fido',function(err,animals){
console.log(animals);
});

//schema基本内容
varpersonSchema=newSchema({
name:{
first:String,
last:String
}
});

//生成Model
varPerson=mongoose.model('Person',personSchema);

//现在我们有个需求,即,需要将first和last结合输出.
//一种方法是,使用methods来实现
//schema添加方法
personSchema.methods.getName=function(){
returnthis.first+""+this.last;
}

//生成一个doc
varbad=newPerson({
name:{first:'jimmy',last:'Gay'}
});

//调用
bad.getName();

//schema添加虚拟属性
personSchema.virtual('fullName').get(function(){
returnthis.first+""+this.last;
})
//调用
bad.fullName;//和上面的方法的结果是完全一致的

console.time(1);
bad.getName();
console.timeEnd(1);
console.time(2);
bad.fullName;
console.timeEnd(2);

//结果为:
1:4.323ms;//method
2:0.253ms//VR

//使用安全模式.表示在写入操作时,如果发生错误,也需要返回信息.
varsafe=true;
newSchema({..},{safe:safe});

//自定义安全模式.w为写入的大小范围.wtimeout设置写入时限.如果超出10s则返回error
varsafe={w:"majority",wtimeout:10000};
newSchema({..},{safe:safe});

schema.set('toObject',{getters:true});
varM=mongoose.model('Person',schema);
varm=newM({name:'MaxHeadroom'});
//实际打印出来的就是一个Object类型
console.log(m);//{_id:504e0cd7dd992d9be2f20b6f,name:'MaxHeadroomismyname'}

//frommongoosejs
varschema=newmongoose.Schema({name:'string',size:'string'});
varTank=mongoose.model('Tank',schema);

varchildSchema=newSchema({name:'string'});

varparentSchema=newSchema({
children:[childSchema]//指明sub-doc的schema
});
//在创建中指明doc
varParent=mongoose.model('Parent',parentSchema);
varparent=newParent({children:[{name:'Matt'},{name:'Sarah'}]})
parent.children[0].name='Matthew';
parent.save(callback);

vardoc=parent.children.id(id);

parent.children.push({name:'Liesl'});

vardoc=parent.children.id(id).remove();

varnewdoc=parent.children.create({name:'Aaron'});

varTank=mongoose.model('Tank',yourSchema);

varsmall=newTank({size:'small'});
//使用实例创建
small.save(function(err){
if(err)returnhandleError(err);
//saved!
})

//使用Model类创建
Tank.create({size:'small'},function(err,small){
if(err)returnhandleError(err);
//saved!
})

//自己并没有打开连接:
//注意,这里只是连接,并没有创建connection
mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost:27017/test');

//手动创建连接:
varconnection=mongoose.createConnection('mongodb://localhost:27017/test');
varTank=connection.model('Tank',yourSchema);

constmongoose=require('mongoose');
constSchema=mongoose.Schema;
//设置连接位置
mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost:27017/test');
varschema=newmongoose.Schema({name:'string',size:'string'});
varTank=mongoose.model('Tank',schema);
varsmall=newTank({size:'small'});
//使用实例创建
small.save(function(err){
if(err)returnhandleError(err);
console.log('创建成功');
})

//一个key/valye
doc.set(path,value)
//很多key/value
doc.set({
path:value,
path2:{
path:value
}
})

Person.findOne({'name.last':'Ghost'},'nameoccupation',function(err,person){
if(err)returnhandleError(err);
//getdata
})

Person.
find({
occupation:/host/,
'name.last':'Ghost',
age:{$gt:17,$lt:66},
likes:{$in:['vaporizing','talking']}
}).
limit(10).
sort({occupation:-1}).
select({name:1,occupation:1}).
exec(callback);

//如果没有查询到,则返回[](空数组)
//如果你使用findOne,没有的话则会返回null

User.find({age:{$gte:21,$lte:65}},callback);
//等价于:
User.where('age').gte(21).lte(65).exec(callback);

query.limit(20);//只返回前20个内容

query.skip(2);

query.sort({name:1,age:-1});

Model.find().remove({name:'AnneMurray'}).remove(fn);
//或者直接添加回调
Model.find().remove({name:'AnneMurray'},cb)

product.remove().then(function(product){
...
});
//或者直接传入回调
Tank.remove({size:'large'},function(err){
if(err)returnhandleError(err);
//removed!
});

Model.update({age:18},{$set:{name:'jasonborne'}},{multi:true},function(err,raw){
if(err)returnhandleError(err);
console.log('raw就是mongodb返回的更改状态的falg',raw);
//比如:{ok:1,nModified:2,n:2}
});

newSchema({
name:{
type:String,
required:[true,"name是必须的"]//第二个参数是错误提示信息
}
})

varbreakfastSchema=newSchema({
eggs:{
type:Number,
min:[6,'Toofeweggs'],
max:12
}
});

newSchema({
drink:{
type:String,
enum:['Coffee','Tea']
},
food:{
type:String,
match:/^a/,
maxlength:12,
minlength:6
}
})

newSchema({
phone:{
type:String,
validate:{
validator:function(data){
return/\d{3}-\d{3}-\d{4}/.test(data);
},
message:'{VALUE}isnotavalidphonenumber!'//VALUE代表phone存放的值
},
required:[true,'Userphonenumberrequired']
}
})

vartoySchema=newSchema({
color:String,
name:String
});

varvalidator=function(value){
return/blue|green|white|red|orange|periwinkle/i.test(value);
};
toySchema.path('color').validate(validator,
'Color`{VALUE}`notvalid','Invalidcolor');

cat.save(function(error){
//自动执行,validation
});

//上面已经设置好user的字段内容.
user.validate(function(error){
//error就是验证不通过返回的错误信息
assert.equal(error.errors['phone'].message,
'555.0123isnotavalidphonenumber!');
});
});

phone:{
type:String,
validate:{
validator:function(data){
return/\d{3}-\d{3}-\d{4}/.test(data);
},
message:'{VALUE}isnotavalidphonenumber!',//VALUE代表phone存放的值
kind:"invalidphone"
}
})

varvalidator=function(value){
return/blue|green|white|red|orange|periwinkle/i.test(value);
};
Toy.schema.path('color').validate(validator,
'Color`{VALUE}`notvalid','Invalidcolor');//设置了message&&kind

vartoy=newToy({color:'grease'});

toy.save(function(err){
//errisourValidationErrorobject
//err.errors.colorisaValidatorErrorobject
assert.equal(err.errors.color.message,'Color`grease`notvalid');//返回message
assert.equal(err.errors.color.kind,'Invalidcolor');
assert.equal(err.errors.color.path,'color');
assert.equal(err.errors.color.value,'grease');
assert.equal(err.name,'ValidationError');
//访问color也可以直接上errors["color"]进行访问.
});

varopts={runValidators:true};
Test.update({},update,opts,function(error){//额外开启runValidators的验证
//Therewillneverbeavalidationerrorhere
});

ref

varmongoose=require('mongoose')
,Schema=mongoose.Schema

varpersonSchema=Schema({
_id:Number,
name:String,
age:Number,
stories:[{type:Schema.Types.ObjectId,ref:'Story'}]
});

varstorySchema=Schema({
_creator:{type:Schema.Types.ObjectId,ref:'Person'},
title:String
});

constsam=newPerson({
name:'sam',
_id:1,
age:18,
stories:[]
});
sam.save((err,sam)=>{
if(err)returnerr;
letstory=newStory({
_creator:sam._id,
title:"喜剧之王"
})
})

Story.findOne({title:"喜剧之王"}).populate('_creator').exec((err,story)=>{
if(err)console.log(err);
console.log(story._creator.name);
})

//series执行,串行
varschema=newSchema(..);
schema.pre('save',function(next){
//exesomeoperations
this.model.
next();//这里的next()相当于间执行权给下一个pre
});

schema.pre('save',true,function(next,done){
//并行执行下一个中间件
next();
});

schema.post('save',function(doc){
//在save完成后触发.
console.log('%shasbeensaved',doc._id);
});

schema.post('save',function(doc,next){
setTimeout(function(){
console.log('post1');
next();
},10);
});

schema.post('save',function(doc,next){
console.log('post2');
next();
});

varschema=newSchema(..);
schema.post('save',function(doc){
console.log('thisfiredafteradocumentwassaved');
});

varModel=mongoose.model('Model',schema);

varm=newModel(..);
m.save(function(err){
console.log('thisfiresafterthe`post`hook');
});

articleSchema.post('find',function(docs){
docs[1].date=1
})
docs[1].date的值还是不变