NS-3之Tracing System
2017-12-20 17:04
316 查看
https://www.nsnam.org/docs/tutorial/html/tracing.html
注:1。因为我是边学边用,可能会有不正确的地方。
2。C++是大学的时候学过的,但工作中很少用到,也是在NS3的学习过程中,遇到不懂的再去查阅C++Primer这本书籍的。可能会有遗漏或者错误的理解。
3。持续性完善补充这篇文章,因为Tracing在NS3中是较为重要的一个部分。
tracing 用于追踪数据传递的信息
带注释的源码,便于理解tracing的原理和机制
将tracing信息导出成可用文件,可用于进一步分析。
注:1。因为我是边学边用,可能会有不正确的地方。
2。C++是大学的时候学过的,但工作中很少用到,也是在NS3的学习过程中,遇到不懂的再去查阅C++Primer这本书籍的。可能会有遗漏或者错误的理解。
3。持续性完善补充这篇文章,因为Tracing在NS3中是较为重要的一个部分。
tracing 用于追踪数据传递的信息
/* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */ /* * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as * published by the Free Software Foundation; * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA */ #include <fstream> #include "ns3/core-module.h" #include "ns3/network-module.h" #include "ns3/internet-module.h" #include "ns3/point-to-point-module.h" #include "ns3/applications-module.h" using namespace ns3; NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE ("TCPCONGESTIONWINDOW"); // =========================================================================== // // node 0 node 1 // +----------------+ +----------------+ // | ns-3 TCP | | ns-3 TCP | // +----------------+ +----------------+ // | 10.1.1.1 | | 10.1.1.2 | // +----------------+ +----------------+ // | point-to-point | | point-to-point | // +----------------+ +----------------+ // | | // +---------------------+ // 5 Mbps, 2 ms // // // We want to look at changes in the ns-3 TCP congestion window. We need // to crank up a flow and hook the CongestionWindow attribute on the socket // of the sender. Normally one would use an on-off application to generate a // flow, but this has a couple of problems. First, the socket of the on-off // application is not created until Application Start time, so we wouldn't be // able to hook the socket (now) at configuration time. Second, even if we // could arrange a call after start time, the socket is not public so we // couldn't get at it. // // So, we can cook up a simple version of the on-off application that does what // we want. On the plus side we don't need all of the complexity of the on-off // application. On the minus side, we don't have a helper, so we have to get // a little more involved in the details, but this is trivial. // // So first, we create a socket and do the trace connect on it; then we pass // this socket into the constructor of our simple application which we then // install in the source node. // =========================================================================== // class MyApp : public Application { public: MyApp (); virtual ~MyApp(); void Setup (Ptr<Socket> socket, Address address, uint32_t packetSize, uint32_t nPackets, DataRate dataRate); private: virtual void StartApplication (void); virtual void StopApplication (void); void ScheduleTx (void); void SendPacket (void); Ptr<Socket> m_socket; Address m_peer; uint32_t m_packetSize; uint32_t m_nPackets; DataRate m_dataRate; EventId m_sendEvent; bool m_running; uint32_t m_packetsSent; }; MyApp::MyApp () : m_socket (0), m_peer (), m_packetSize (0), m_nPackets (0), m_dataRate (0), m_sendEvent (), m_running (false), m_packetsSent (0) { } MyApp::~MyApp() { m_socket = 0; } void MyApp::Setup (Ptr<Socket> socket, Address address, uint32_t packetSize, uint32_t nPackets, DataRate dataRate) { m_socket = socket; 4000 m_peer = address; m_packetSize = packetSize; m_nPackets = nPackets; m_dataRate = dataRate; } void MyApp::StartApplication (void) { m_running = true; m_packetsSent = 0; m_socket->Bind (); m_socket->Connect (m_peer); SendPacket (); } void MyApp::StopApplication (void) { m_running = false; if (m_sendEvent.IsRunning ()) { Simulator::Cancel (m_sendEvent); } if (m_socket) { m_socket->Close (); } } // to start the chain of events that describes the Application behavior void MyApp::SendPacket (void) { Ptr<Packet> packet = Create<Packet> (m_packetSize); m_socket->Send (packet); if (++m_packetsSent < m_nPackets) { ScheduleTx (); } } // keep scheduling the chain of events void MyApp::ScheduleTx (void) { if (m_running) { // to schedule another transmit event (a SendPacket) until the Application decides it has sent enough. Time tNext (Seconds (m_packetSize * 8 / static_cast<double> (m_dataRate.GetBitRate ()))); m_sendEvent = Simulator::Schedule (tNext, &MyApp::SendPacket, this); } } static void CwndChange (uint32_t oldCwnd, uint32_t newCwnd) { // logs the current simulation time and the new value of the congestion window every time it is changed. // can load the resulting output into a graphic program and immediately see a graph of the // congestion window behavior over time. NS_LOG_UNCOND ("CwndChange at " << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << "\t" << newCwnd); } static void RxDrop (Ptr<const Packet> p) { // this trace source of the point-to-point NetDevice // this trace source fires when a packet is dropped by the physical layer of a NetDevice. NS_LOG_UNCOND ("RxDrop at " << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds ()); } int main (int argc, char *argv[]) { CommandLine cmd; cmd.Parse (argc, argv); // create two nodes NodeContainer nodes; nodes.Create (2); // point-to-point channel PointToPointHelper pointToPoint; pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute ("DataRate", StringValue ("5Mbps")); pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute ("Delay", StringValue ("2ms")); NetDeviceContainer devices; devices = pointToPoint.Install (nodes); // we really want to introduce link errors which will drop packets,cause // duplicate ACKs and trigger the more interesting behaviors of the congestion window. // errorModel can be attached to Channels, // using the RateErrorModel which allow us to introduce errors into a Channel at a given rate // instantiates a RateErrorModel Object Ptr<RateErrorModel> em = CreateObject<RateErrorModel> (); // set the resulting instantiated RateRrrorModel em->SetAttribute ("ErrorRate", DoubleValue (0.00001)); // the error model used by the point-to-point NetDevice devices.Get (1)->SetAttribute ("ReceiveErrorModel", PointerValue (em)); // installs internet stacks on our two nodes InternetStackHelper stack; stack.Install (nodes); // creates interfaces and assigns IP addresses for the point-to-point devices Ipv4AddressHelper address; address.SetBase ("10.1.1.0", "255.255.255.252"); Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign (devices); // since we use TCP, we need something on the destination Node to receive TCP connections // and data. // The PacketSink Application is commonly used in ns-3 for that purpose. uint16_t sinkPort = 8080; Address sinkAddress (InetSocketAddress (interfaces.GetAddress (1), sinkPort)); // instantiates a PacketSinkHelper and tells it to create sockets using the class ns3::TcpSocketFactory // Ipv4Address and the sinkPort is the Application should Bind to PacketSinkHelper packetSinkHelper ("ns3::TcpSocketFactory", InetSocketAddress (Ipv4Address::GetAny (), sinkPort)); ApplicationContainer sinkApps = packetSinkHelper.Install (nodes.Get (1)); sinkApps.Start (Seconds (0.)); sinkApps.Stop (Seconds (20.)); // create the socket and connect the trace source. // calls the static member function Socket::CreateSocket and provides a Node and an // explicit TypeId for the object factory used to create the socket. Ptr<Socket> ns3TcpSocket = Socket::CreateSocket (nodes.Get (0), TcpSocketFactory::GetTypeId ()); // use TraceConnectWithoutContext to connect the CongestionWindow trace source to trace sink. ns3TcpSocket->TraceConnectWithoutContext ("CongestionWindow", MakeCallback (&CwndChange)); Ptr<MyApp> app = CreateObject<MyApp> (); app->Setup (ns3TcpSocket, sinkAddress, 1040, 1000, DataRate ("1Mbps")); nodes.Get (0)->AddApplication (app); app->SetStartTime (Seconds (1.)); app->SetStopTime (Seconds (20.)); // need to actually do the connect from the receiver point-to-point NetDevice drop event // to our RxDrop callback now. devices.Get (1)->TraceConnectWithoutContext ("PhyRxDrop", MakeCallback (&RxDrop)); Simulator::Stop (Seconds (20)); Simulator::Run (); Simulator::Destroy (); return 0; }
带注释的源码,便于理解tracing的原理和机制
/* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */ /* * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as * published by the Free Software Foundation; * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA */ #include <fstream> #include "ns3/core-module.h" #include "ns3/network-module.h" #include "ns3/internet-module.h" #include "ns3/point-to-point-module.h" #include "ns3/applications-module.h" using namespace ns3; NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE ("SixthScriptExample"); // =========================================================================== // // node 0 node 1 // +----------------+ +----------------+ // | ns-3 TCP | | ns-3 TCP | // +----------------+ +----------------+ // | 10.1.1.1 | | 10.1.1.2 | // +----------------+ +----------------+ // | point-to-point | | point-to-point | // +----------------+ +----------------+ // | | // +---------------------+ // 5 Mbps, 2 ms // // // We want to look at changes in the ns-3 TCP congestion window. We need // to crank up a flow and hook the CongestionWindow attribute on the socket // of the sender. Normally one would use an on-off application to generate a // flow, but this has a couple of problems. First, the socket of the on-off // application is not created until Application Start time, so we wouldn't be // able to hook the socket (now) at configuration time. Second, even if we // could arrange a call after start time, the socket is not public so we // couldn't get at it. // // So, we can cook up a simple version of the on-off application that does what // we want. On the plus side we don't need all of the complexity of the on-off // application. On the minus side, we don't have a helper, so we have to get // a little more involved in the details, but this is trivial. // // So first, we create a socket and do the trace connect on it; then we pass // this socket into the constructor of our simple application which we then // install in the source node. // =========================================================================== // class MyApp : public Application { public: MyApp (); virtual ~MyApp (); /** * Register this type. * \return The TypeId. */ static TypeId GetTypeId (void); void Setup (Ptr<Socket> socket, Address address, uint32_t packetSize, uint32_t nPackets, DataRate dataRate); private: virtual void StartApplication (void); virtual void StopApplication (void); void ScheduleTx (void); void SendPacket (void); Ptr<Socket> m_socket; Address m_peer; uint32_t m_packetSize; uint32_t m_nPackets; DataRate m_dataRate; EventId m_sendEvent; bool m_running; uint32_t m_packetsSent; }; MyApp::MyApp () : m_socket (0), m_peer (), m_packetSize (0), m_nPackets (0), m_dataRate (0), m_sendEvent (), m_running (false), m_packetsSent (0) { } MyApp::~MyApp () { m_socket = 0; } /* static */ TypeId MyApp::GetTypeId (void) { static TypeId tid = TypeId ("MyApp") .SetParent<Application> () .SetGroupName ("Tutorial") .AddConstructor<MyApp> () ; return tid; } void MyApp::Setup (Ptr<Socket> socket, Address address, uint32_t packetSize, uint32_t nPackets, DataRate dataRate) { m_socket = socket; m_peer = address; m_packetSize = packetSize; m_nPackets = nPackets; m_dataRate = dataRate; } void MyApp::StartApplication (void) { m_running = true; m_packetsSent = 0; m_socket->Bind (); m_socket->Connect (m_peer); SendPacket (); } void MyApp::StopApplication (void) { m_running = false; if (m_sendEvent.IsRunning ()) { Simulator::Cancel (m_sendEvent); } if (m_socket) { m_socket->Close (); } } void MyApp::SendPacket (void) { Ptr<Packet> packet = Create<Packet> (m_packetSize); m_socket->Send (packet); if (++m_packetsSent < m_nPackets) { ScheduleTx (); } } void MyApp::ScheduleTx (void) { if (m_running) { Time tNext (Seconds (m_packetSize * 8 / static_cast<double> (m_dataRate.GetBitRate ()))); m_sendEvent = Simulator::Schedule (tNext, &MyApp::SendPacket, this); } } // stream : This is an object that holds(keeps safely alive) a c++ output stream. // It turns out that this is a very simple object, but one that manages lifetime issues for the stram and solves // a problem that even experienced c++ users run into. static void CwndChange (Ptr<OutputStreamWrapper> stream, uint32_t oldCwnd, uint32_t newCwnd) { NS_LOG_UNCOND (Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << "\t" << newCwnd); *stream->GetStream () << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << "\t" << oldCwnd << "\t" << newCwnd << std::endl; } static void RxDrop (Ptr<PcapFileWrapper> file, Ptr<const Packet> p) { NS_LOG_UNCOND ("RxDrop at " << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds ()); file->Write (Simulator::Now (), p); } int main (int argc, char *argv[]) { CommandLine cmd; cmd.Parse (argc, argv); NodeContainer nodes; nodes.Create (2); PointToPointHelper pointToPoint; pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute ("DataRate", StringValue ("5Mbps")); pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute ("Delay", StringValue ("2ms")); NetDeviceContainer devices; devices = pointToPoint.Install (nodes); Ptr<RateErrorModel> em = CreateObject<RateErrorModel> (); em->SetAttribute ("ErrorRate", DoubleValue (0.00001)); devices.Get (1)->SetAttribute ("ReceiveErrorModel", PointerValue (em)); InternetStackHelper stack; stack.Install (nodes); Ipv4AddressHelper address; address.SetBase ("10.1.1.0", "255.255.255.252"); Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign (devices); uint16_t sinkPort = 8080; Address sinkAddress (InetSocketAddress (interfaces.GetAddress (1), sinkPort)); PacketSinkHelper packetSinkHelper ("ns3::TcpSocketFactory", InetSocketAddress (Ipv4Address::GetAny (), sinkPort)); ApplicationContainer sinkApps = packetSinkHelper.Install (nodes.Get (1)); sinkApps.Start (Seconds (0.)); sinkApps.Stop (Seconds (20.)); Ptr<Socket> ns3TcpSocket = Socket::CreateSocket (nodes.Get (0), TcpSocketFactory::GetTypeId ()); Ptr<MyApp> app = CreateObject<MyApp> (); app->Setup (ns3TcpSocket, sinkAddress, 1040, 1000, DataRate ("1Mbps")); nodes.Get (0)->AddApplication (app); app->SetStartTime (Seconds (1.)); app->SetStopTime (Seconds (20.)); AsciiTraceHelper asciiTraceHelper; Ptr<OutputStreamWrapper> stream = asciiTraceHelper.CreateFileStream ("sixth.cwnd"); ns3TcpSocket->TraceConnectWithoutContext ("CongestionWindow", MakeBoundCallback (&CwndChange, stream)); PcapHelper pcapHelper; Ptr<PcapFileWrapper> file = pcapHelper.CreateFile ("sixth.pcap", std::ios::out, PcapHelper::DLT_PPP); devices.Get (1)->TraceConnectWithoutContext ("PhyRxDrop", MakeBoundCallback (&RxDrop, file)); Simulator::Stop (Seconds (20)); Simulator::Run (); Simulator::Destroy (); return 0; }
将tracing信息导出成可用文件,可用于进一步分析。
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