在Oracle关闭的状态下，如何修改参数文件spfile

因为一些内存大小设置的问题，搞不定，一上火，我直接重启了整台服务器。

登录之后，启动数据库，还是出错：

ORA-00844: Parameter not taking MEMORY_TARGET into account

ORA-00851: SGA_MAX_SIZE 2147483648 cannot be set to more than MEMORY_TARGET 1258291200.

ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

可是尼玛，spfile是二进制文件，没法修改啊，怎么办？

还好从网上找了些资料，还是有办法。你碰到的问题，都会有人碰到的。

解决的办法就是：

通过pfile启动Oracle–>在Oracle中通过

create pfile='' from spfile=''

取出spfile的内容（pfile是可以手动修改的）–>修改新建的pfile–>以新的pfile启动Oracle–>在Oracle中通过

create spfile='' from pfile=''

获得修改后的spfile

具体实战：

SQL> create pfile = '/opt/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome/dbs/initORCL.ora' from spfile = '/opt/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome/dbs/spfileORCL.ora';

File created.

SQL> startup mount pfile='/opt/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome/dbs/initORCL.ora';

此时，参数可能还有一些问题，但你可以打开initORCL.ora修改了，搞定之后。

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> create spfile = '/opt/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome/dbs/spfileORCL.ora' from pfile = '/opt/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome/dbs/initORCL.ora';

File created.

SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1258291200 bytes

Fixed Size    8792200 bytes

Variable Size 1023412088 bytes

Database Buffers  201326592 bytes

Redo Buffers   24760320 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.