Spring使用POI实现Excel导入导出

Apache POI 是创建和维护操作各种符合Office Open XML（OOXML）标准和微软的OLE 2复合文档格式（OLE2）的Java API。用它可以使用Java读取和创建,修改MS Excel文件.而且,还可以使用Java读取和创建MS Word和MSPowerPoint文件。Apache POI 提供Java操作Excel解决方案（适用于Excel97-2008）。

简单理解就是通过POI，java可以与office建立联系。

本次项目实践基于SSM框架，简单封装了Excel批量导入导出功能，实现过程如下

1. maven导入java包：

[html] view
plain copy

<dependency>

<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>

<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>

<version>3.5-FINAL</version>

</dependency>

2. 建立Excel实体--ExcelBean

[java] view
plain copy

/**

*

* @Description: 导入导出excel

* @author haipeng

* @date 2017年4月11日

*/

public class ExcelBean implements java.io.Serializable {

private String headTextName;//列头（标题）名

private String propertyName;//对应字段名

private Integer cols;//合并单元格数

private XSSFCellStyle cellStyle;

public ExcelBean(){

}

public ExcelBean(String headTextName, String propertyName){

this.headTextName = headTextName;

this.propertyName = propertyName;

}

public ExcelBean(String headTextName, String propertyName, Integer cols) {

super();

this.headTextName = headTextName;

this.propertyName = propertyName;

this.cols = cols;

}

public String getHeadTextName() {

return headTextName;

}

public void setHeadTextName(String headTextName) {

this.headTextName = headTextName;

}

public String getPropertyName() {

return propertyName;

}

public void setPropertyName(String propertyName) {

this.propertyName = propertyName;

}

public Integer getCols() {

return cols;

}

public void setCols(Integer cols) {

this.cols = cols;

}

public XSSFCellStyle getCellStyle() {

return cellStyle;

}

public void setCellStyle(XSSFCellStyle cellStyle) {

this.cellStyle = cellStyle;

}

}

3. 封装Excel工具类--ExcelUtils

[java] view
plain copy

public class ExcelUtils {

private final static String excel2003L =".xls"; //2003- 版本的excel

private final static String excel2007U =".xlsx"; //2007+ 版本的excel

/*************************************文件上传****************************/

public static List<List<Object>> getBankListByExcel(InputStream in,String fileName) throws Exception{

List<List<Object>> list = null;

//创建Excel工作薄

Workbook work = getWorkbook(in,fileName);

if(null == work){

throw new Exception("创建Excel工作薄为空！");

}

Sheet sheet = null;

Row row = null;

Cell cell = null;

list = new ArrayList<List<Object>>();

//遍历Excel中所有的sheet

for (int i = 0; i < work.getNumberOfSheets(); i++) {

sheet = work.getSheetAt(i);

if(sheet==null){continue;}

//遍历当前sheet中的所有行

for (int j = sheet.getFirstRowNum(); j < sheet.getLastRowNum(); j++) {

row = sheet.getRow(j);

if(row==null||row.getFirstCellNum()==j){continue;}

//遍历所有的列

List<Object> li = new ArrayList<Object>();

for (int y = row.getFirstCellNum(); y < row.getLastCellNum(); y++) {

cell = row.getCell(y);

li.add(getCellValue(cell));

}

list.add(li);

}

}

// work.close();

return list;

}

/**

* 描述：根据文件后缀，自适应上传文件的版本

* @param inStr,fileName

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

public static Workbook getWorkbook(InputStream inStr,String fileName) throws Exception{

Workbook wb = null;

String fileType = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("."));

if(excel2003L.equals(fileType)){

wb = new HSSFWorkbook(inStr); //2003-

}else if(excel2007U.equals(fileType)){

wb = new XSSFWorkbook(inStr); //2007+

}else{

throw new Exception("解析的文件格式有误！");

}

return wb;

}

/**

* 描述：对表格中数值进行格式化

* @param cell

* @return

*/

public static Object getCellValue(Cell cell){

Object value = null;

DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("0"); //格式化number String字符

SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyy-MM-dd"); //日期格式化

DecimalFormat df2 = new DecimalFormat("0.00"); //格式化数字

switch (cell.getCellType()) {

case Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:

value = cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString();

break;

case Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:

if("General".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())){

value = df.format(cell.getNumericCellValue());

}else if("m/d/yy".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())){

value = sdf.format(cell.getDateCellValue());

}else{

value = df2.format(cell.getNumericCellValue());

}

break;

case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:

value = cell.getBooleanCellValue();

break;

case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:

value = "";

break;

default:

break;

}

return value;

}

/****************************************上传结束***************************************

/**

* 多列头创建EXCEL

*

* @param sheetName 工作簿名称

* @param clazz 数据源model类型

* @param objs excel标题列以及对应model字段名

* @param map 标题列行数以及cell字体样式

* @return

* @throws IllegalArgumentException

* @throws IllegalAccessException

* @throws InvocationTargetException

* @throws ClassNotFoundException

* @throws IntrospectionException

* @throws ParseException

*/

public static XSSFWorkbook createExcelFile(Class clazz, List objs,Map<Integer, List<ExcelBean>> map,String sheetName) throws IllegalArgumentException,IllegalAccessException,

InvocationTargetException, ClassNotFoundException, IntrospectionException, ParseException{

// 创建新的Excel 工作簿

XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();

// 在Excel工作簿中建一工作表，其名为缺省值, 也可以指定Sheet名称

XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(sheetName);

// 以下为excel的字体样式以及excel的标题与内容的创建，下面会具体分析;

createFont(workbook);//字体样式

createTableHeader(sheet, map);//创建标题（头）

createTableRows(sheet, map, objs, clazz);//创建内容

return workbook;

}

private static XSSFCellStyle fontStyle;

private static XSSFCellStyle fontStyle2;

public static void createFont(XSSFWorkbook workbook) {

// 表头

fontStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();

XSSFFont font1 = workbook.createFont();

font1.setBoldweight(XSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);

font1.setFontName("黑体");

font1.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 14);// 设置字体大小

fontStyle.setFont(font1);

fontStyle.setBorderBottom(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); // 下边框

fontStyle.setBorderLeft(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 左边框

fontStyle.setBorderTop(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 上边框

fontStyle.setBorderRight(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 右边框

fontStyle.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER); // 居中

// 内容

fontStyle2=workbook.createCellStyle();

XSSFFont font2 = workbook.createFont();

font2.setFontName("宋体");

font2.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 10);// 设置字体大小

fontStyle2.setFont(font2);

fontStyle2.setBorderBottom(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); // 下边框

fontStyle2.setBorderLeft(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 左边框

fontStyle2.setBorderTop(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 上边框

fontStyle2.setBorderRight(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);// 右边框

fontStyle2.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER); // 居中

}

/**

* 根据ExcelMapping 生成列头（多行列头）

*

* @param sheet

* 工作簿

* @param map

* 每行每个单元格对应的列头信息

*/

public static final void createTableHeader(XSSFSheet sheet, Map<Integer, List<ExcelBean>> map) {

int startIndex=0;//cell起始位置

int endIndex=0;//cell终止位置

for (Map.Entry<Integer, List<ExcelBean>> entry : map.entrySet()) {

XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(entry.getKey());

List<ExcelBean> excels = entry.getValue();

for (int x = 0; x < excels.size(); x++) {

//合并单元格

if(excels.get(x).getCols()>1){

if(x==0){

endIndex+=excels.get(x).getCols()-1;

CellRangeAddress range=new CellRangeAddress(0,0,startIndex,endIndex);

sheet.addMergedRegion(range);

startIndex+=excels.get(x).getCols();

}else{

endIndex+=excels.get(x).getCols();

CellRangeAddress range=new CellRangeAddress(0,0,startIndex,endIndex);

sheet.addMergedRegion(range);

startIndex+=excels.get(x).getCols();

}

XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(startIndex-excels.get(x).getCols());

cell.setCellValue(excels.get(x).getHeadTextName());// 设置内容

if (excels.get(x).getCellStyle() != null) {

cell.setCellStyle(excels.get(x).getCellStyle());// 设置格式

}

cell.setCellStyle(fontStyle);

}else{

XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(x);

cell.setCellValue(excels.get(x).getHeadTextName());// 设置内容

if (excels.get(x).getCellStyle() != null) {

cell.setCellStyle(excels.get(x).getCellStyle());// 设置格式

}

cell.setCellStyle(fontStyle);

}

}

}

}

/**

*

* @param sheet

* @param map

* @param objs

* @param clazz

*/

@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")

public static void createTableRows(XSSFSheet sheet, Map<Integer, List<ExcelBean>> map, List objs, Class clazz)

throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, IntrospectionException,

ClassNotFoundException, ParseException {

int rowindex = map.size();

int maxKey = 0;

List<ExcelBean> ems = new ArrayList<>();

for (Map.Entry<Integer, List<ExcelBean>> entry : map.entrySet()) {

if (entry.getKey() > maxKey) {

maxKey = entry.getKey();

}

}

ems = map.get(maxKey);

List<Integer> widths = new ArrayList<Integer>(ems.size());

for (Object obj : objs) {

XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(rowindex);

for (int i = 0; i < ems.size(); i++) {

ExcelBean em = (ExcelBean) ems.get(i);

// 获得get方法

PropertyDescriptor pd = new PropertyDescriptor(em.getPropertyName(), clazz);

Method getMethod = pd.getReadMethod();

Object rtn = getMethod.invoke(obj);

String value = "";

// 如果是日期类型 进行 转换

if (rtn != null) {

if (rtn instanceof Date) {

value = DateUtils.date2String((Date) rtn,"yyyy-MM-dd");

} else if(rtn instanceof BigDecimal){

NumberFormat nf = new DecimalFormat("#,##0.00");

value=nf.format((BigDecimal)rtn).toString();

} else if((rtn instanceof Integer) && (Integer.valueOf(rtn.toString())<0 )){

value="--";

}else {

value = rtn.toString();

}

}

XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);

cell.setCellValue(value);

cell.setCellType(XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);

cell.setCellStyle(fontStyle2);

// 获得最大列宽

int width = value.getBytes().length * 300;

// 还未设置，设置当前

if (widths.size() <= i) {

widths.add(width);

continue;

}

// 比原来大，更新数据

if (width > widths.get(i)) {

widths.set(i, width);

}

}

rowindex++;

}

// 设置列宽

for (int index = 0; index < widths.size(); index++) {

Integer width = widths.get(index);

width = width < 2500 ? 2500 : width + 300;

width = width > 10000 ? 10000 + 300 : width + 300;

sheet.setColumnWidth(index, width);

}

}

}

4. 在HTML页面导入需要的js

[html] view
plain copy

<script type="text/javascript" src="${ctxPath}/js/jquery-form.js"></script>

5. 在HTML添加测试控件

[java] view
plain copy

<form id="uploadForm" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">

<input id="upfile" type="file" name="upfile">

<input type="button" value="导入" id="upLoadPayerCreditInfoExcel" name="btn">

</form>

<a href="${ctxPath}/creditInfo/downLoadReceverCreditInfoExcel.html">导出</a>

6. 导出通过a标签的get请求即可以实现，导入则通过ajax的post请求实现：

[java] view
plain copy

$('#upLoadPayerCreditInfoExcel').click(function(){

var cacheVersion=$("#cacheVersion").val();

if(checkData()){

$('#uploadForm').ajaxSubmit({

url:$("#root").val()+'/creditInfo/uploadReceiverCreditInfoExcel.html',

data:{'cacheVersion':cacheVersion},

dataType: 'text'

});

}

});

//JS校验form表单信息

function checkData(){

var fileDir = $("#upfile").val();

var suffix = fileDir.substr(fileDir.lastIndexOf("."));

if("" == fileDir){

alert("选择需要导入的Excel文件！");

return false;

}

if(".xls" != suffix && ".xlsx" != suffix ){

alert("选择Excel格式的文件导入！");

return false;

}

return true;

}

7. controller端实现

导出：

[java] view
plain copy

@RequestMapping(value = "/downLoadPayerCreditInfoExcel", method = RequestMethod.GET)

@ResponseBody

public void downLoadPayerCreditInfoExcel(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,HttpSession session){

response.reset();

SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddhhmmssms");

String dateStr = sdf.format(new Date());

Long companyId=UserUtils.getCompanyIdBySession(session);

Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<String,Object>();

// 指定下载的文件名

response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" +dateStr+".xlsx");

response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=UTF-8");

response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");

response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");

response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);

XSSFWorkbook workbook=null;

try {

//导出Excel对象

workbook = creditInfoService.exportPayerCreditInfoExcel(companyId);

} catch (IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException

| InvocationTargetException | ClassNotFoundException

| IntrospectionException | ParseException e1) {

e1.printStackTrace();

}

OutputStream output;

try {

output = response.getOutputStream();

BufferedOutputStream bufferedOutPut = new BufferedOutputStream(output);

bufferedOutPut.flush();

workbook.write(bufferedOutPut);

bufferedOutPut.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

导入：

[java] view
plain copy

@ResponseBody

@RequestMapping(value="uploadPayerCreditInfoExcel",method={RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})

Public void uploadPayerCreditInfoExcel(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,HttpSession session) throws Exception {

MultipartHttpServletRequest multipartRequest = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request;

MultipartFile file = multipartRequest.getFile("upfile");

if(file.isEmpty()){

throw new Exception("文件不存在！");

}

Long companyId=UserUtils.getCompanyIdBySession(session);

Long userId=UserUtils.getUserIdBySession(session);

InputStream in = file.getInputStream();

creditInfoService.uploadPayerCreditInfoExcel(in,file,companyId,userId);

in.close();

PrintWriter out = null;

response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); //防止ajax接受到的中文信息乱码

out = response.getWriter();

out.print("文件导入成功！");

out.flush();

out.close();

}

8、service层

导入，从excel中获得数据放入List<List<object>>中，然后遍历放入实体，执行插入操作：

[java] view
plain copy

public void uploadPayerCreditInfoExcel(InputStream in, MultipartFile file,Long companyId,Long userId) throws Exception {

List<List<Object>> listob = ExcelUtils.getBankListByExcel(in,file.getOriginalFilename());

List<CreditInfoBean> creditInfoList=new ArrayList<CreditInfoBean>();

for (int i = 0; i < listob.size(); i++) {

List<Object> ob = listob.get(i);

CreditInfoBean creditInfoBean = new CreditInfoBean();

creditInfoBean.setCompanyName(String.valueOf(ob.get(0)));

creditInfoBean.setBillType(String.valueOf(ob.get(1)));

creditInfoBean.setBillNumber(String.valueOf(ob.get(2)));

BigDecimal bd=new BigDecimal(String.valueOf(ob.get(3)));

creditInfoBean.setBuyerBillAmount(bd.setScale(2, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP));

creditInfoBean.setReceiveTime(String.valueOf(ob.get(4)));

creditInfoBean.setBuyerRemark(String.valueOf(ob.get(5)));

creditInfoList.add(creditInfoBean);

}

}

导出：

[java] view
plain copy

public XSSFWorkbook exportPayerCreditInfoExcel(Long companyId) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, ClassNotFoundException, IntrospectionException, com.sun.tools.example.debug.expr.ParseException {

List<CreditInfoBean> creditInfoList=creditInfoDao.listAllPayerCreditInfoPage(companyId);

List<ExcelBean> ems=new ArrayList<>();

Map<Integer,List<ExcelBean>>map=new LinkedHashMap<>();

XSSFWorkbook book=null;

ems.add(new ExcelBean("供应商名称","companyName",0));

ems.add(new ExcelBean("票据类型","billType",0));

ems.add(new ExcelBean("票据号","billNumber",0));

// ems.add(new ExcelBean("买方是否参与","isBuyerIquidation",0));

ems.add(new ExcelBean("票据金额","buyerBillAmount",0));

ems.add(new ExcelBean("应付日期","buyerPayTime",0));

ems.add(new ExcelBean("剩余天数","overplusDays",0));

ems.add(new ExcelBean("状态","buyerBillStatus",0));

map.put(0, ems);

List<CreditInfoBean> afterChangeList=changeBuyerStatus(creditInfoList);

book=ExcelUtils.createExcelFile(CreditInfoBean.class, afterChangeList, map, "应付账款信息");

return book;

}