PowerShell：30行代码轻松实现SQL Server数据库容量监控

本文介绍如何用PowerShell脚本实现SQL Server数据库容量监控

闲话就不多说，直入主题

一、建表
为每台服务器创建一个表，用于记录服务器各个数据库的容量，以服务器名作为表名。

CREATE TABLE table_name(
[LOG_DATE] [varchar](20) NULL,
[DB_NAME] [varchar](50) NULL,
[TOTAL_SIZE_MB] [numeric](15, 2) NULL,
[USE_SIZE_MB] [numeric](15, 2) NULL,
[FREE_SIZE_MB] [numeric](15, 2) NULL,
[DAILY_GROWTH_MB] [numeric](15, 2) NULL DEFAULT ((0))
)

二、数据收集

要点：
1. 主要利用sp_msforeachdb、sp_spaceused循环获取各数据库容量数据，简化代码
2. today_use_size = total_szie - free_size
3. growth_szie = today_use_size - yesterday_use_size
4. chkservers.txt存放服务器名
5. 创建作业，每天定时执行(如需调整为每周、月执行，修改$yesterday=$today.adddays(-1)及作业频率即可)

$MonitorServer=''
$servers=gc F:\DBA\chkservers.txt
$today=Get-Date
$log_date=$today.toString('yyyyMMdd')
$yesterday=$today.adddays(-1)
$compare_date=$yesterday.toString('yyyyMMdd')
Foreach($server in $servers){
if($server.length -gt 0){
$results=invoke-sqlcmd "exec sp_msforeachdb 'if(db_id(''?'') not in(1,2,3,4)) begin exec [?]..sp_spaceused end'" -ServerInstance $server
For($n=0;$n -lt $results.length;$n=$n+2){
$db_name=$results[$n].database_name
$db_total_size=$results[$n].database_size
$db_free_size=$results[$n].'unallocated space'
$total_size=$db_total_size.substring(0,$db_total_size.length-3)
$free_size=$db_free_size.substring(0,$db_free_size.length-3)
$today_use_size=$total_size-$free_size
$count=invoke-sqlcmd "select count(1) as count from DBMonitor..$server where LOG_DATE='$compare_date' and DB_NAME='$db_name'" -ServerInstance $MonitorServer
if($count.count -gt 0){
$comp_results=invoke-sqlcmd "select MAX(USE_SIZE_MB) as USE_SIZE_MB from DBMonitor..$server where LOG_DATE='$compare_date' and DB_NAME='$db_name'" -ServerInstance $MonitorServer
$yesterday_use_size=$comp_results.USE_SIZE_MB
$growth_size=$today_use_size-$yesterday_use_size
}
else{
$growth_size=0
}
invoke-sqlcmd "insert into DBMonitor..$server select '$log_date','$db_name',$total_size,$today_use_size,$free_size,$growth_size" -ServerInstance $MonitorServer
}
}
}

效果图：