线性表的基本操作及其作用

typedef struct
{
char stuID[ID_SIZE];        //学生学号
char stuName[NAME_SIZE];    //学生姓名
double stuScore;        //学生成绩
} StuData;

/*
* 顺序表
* 一个简陋的学生信息管理程序
* Data: 10/13/2017  20:42
*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#define STU_NUM_MAX 100
#define ID_SIZE 8
#define NAME_SIZE 20

typedef struct
{
char stuID[ID_SIZE];        //学生学号
char stuName[NAME_SIZE];    //学生姓名
double stuScore;        //学生成绩
} StuData;
typedef StuData* stuPtr;

typedef struct
{
StuData *elem;      //指向动态分配的内存的首地址
int length;     //保存已存储的数据据元素的数目
} SqList;

void welcome(int *p_choose);
/*
* 功能：输出欢迎界面，并提示用户执行相应的操作
* 参数：指向choose的指针，通过指针改变变量choose的值，根据其值执行相应的操作
* 返回值：无
*/

void InitList(SqList *p_seq);
/*
* 功能：一次性分配所有的储存空间，初始化
* 参数：SqList的指针
* 返回值：无
*/

void add(SqList *p_seq);
/*
* 功能：
*
*
*/

stuPtr info_input(stuPtr info);
/*
* 功能：对数组赋值，其长度不超过len
* 参数：stuID: 指向数组的指针   size_t
* 返回值：传入的指针
*/

void NodeDelete(SqList *p_seq, int locate);
/*
* 功能：删除指定序号的数据元素
* 参数：p_seq: SqList的指针   locate: 序号(第几个)
* 返回值：无
*/

StuData *search(stuPtr p, size_t len, char *target);
/*
* 功能：根据指定的字符串遍历查找是否存在相应的ID or Name
* 参数：p: 指向第一个顺序元素   len: 已存储的数据元素的长度   target: 需要查找的字符
* 返回值：指向查找到的节点，不存在则返回NULL
*/

void print(StuData *elem, size_t len);
/*
* 功能：打印一定长度的数据元素
* 参数：elem: 指向某个数据元素   len: 需要打印多少个数据元素(长度)
* 返回值：无
*/

void save(FILE *stream, stuPtr p, size_t len);
/*
* 功能：将输入的信息保存到文件中
* 参数：stream: 指定的文件输入流  p: 指向第一个数据元素   len: 数据元素的长度
* 返回值：无
*/

int main(void)
{
int choose;
char ans = 'y';
SqList L;

InitList(&L);
system("color 2F");
while (1)
{
fflush(stdin);
ans = 'y';
welcome(&choose);
switch (choose)
{
case 1:
{
while (ans == 'y')
{
if (L.length >= STU_NUM_MAX)
{
printf("\a\n\tWarning: Memory is full!\n");
break;
}
else
{
//info_input(&info);
add(&L);
printf("\n\nAdd succeefully!               stu's num %u\n", L.length);
printf("Continue?[y]\n");
fflush(stdin);
ans = getchar( );
if (ans == '\n')
{
ans = 'y';
}
system("cls");
}
}
break;
}
case 2:
{
int locate;
while (ans == 'y')
{
printf("Please enter the node number you want to delete: ");
scanf("%d", &locate);
NodeDelete(&L, locate);
printf("\a\n\n\t\tDelete Successfully\n");
printf("Continue?[y]");
fflush(stdin);
ans = getchar( );
if (ans == '\n')
{
ans = 'y';
}
system("cls");
}
break;
}
case 3:
{
StuData *locate;
char target[NAME_SIZE];
while (ans == 'y')
{
printf("Please enter the
4000
ID/Name of the student you want to find: ");
scanf("%s", target);
locate = search(L.elem, L.length, target);
if (locate == NULL)
{
printf("\a\n\t\tSorry! There is no such person!\n");
}
else
{
printf("\aFind successfully!\n");
print(locate, 1);
}
printf("Continu?[y] ");
fflush(stdin);
ans = getchar( );
if (ans == '\n')
{
ans = 'y';
}
system("cls");
}
break;
}
case 4:
{
printf("All of the stu's info are:\n\n");
print(L.elem, L.length);
getchar( );
getchar( );
system("cls");
break;
}
case 5:
{
FILE *stream;
if ((stream = fopen("info.dat", "w+")) == NULL)
{
perror("\a\n\n\t\tSorry: Open fail!\n");
break;
}
else
{
save(stream, L.elem, L.length);
getchar( );
sleep(3);
fclose(stream);
system("cls");
break;
}
}
case 6:
{
free(L.elem);
L.elem = NULL;
printf("\a\n\n\t\tBye Bye!\n\n");
sleep(2);
system("cls");
system("color 0F");
exit(0);
}
default :
{
printf("\a\n\tSorry! I have not develop the function what you want!\n");
sleep(2);
system("cls");
break;
}
}
}

return 0;
}

void welcome(int *p_choose)
{
printf("\n\n\n                       WELCOME\n");
printf("------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("--                1.增加指定学生信息\n");
printf("--                2.删除指定位置信息\n");
printf("--                3.按学号或姓名查找\n");
printf("--                4.显示所有学生信息\n");
printf("--                5.保存\n");
printf("--                6.退出\n");
printf("------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("请输入那想要执行的操作的序号: ");
scanf("%d", p_choose);
system("cls");
}

void InitList(SqList *p_seq)
{
p_seq->elem = (StuData *)malloc(STU_NUM_MAX*sizeof(StuData));
if (p_seq->elem == NULL)
{
perror("\n\n\t\tError: memory may full");   //perror??????????????
_exit(1);
}
else
{
p_seq->length = 0;
}
}

void add(SqList *p_seq)
{
printf("Please enter information:\n");

while (1)
{
printf("ID: ");
scanf("%s", p_seq->elem[p_seq->length].stuID);
if (strlen(p_seq->elem[p_seq->length].stuID) >= ID_SIZE)
{
printf("It's too long, enter again\n");
sleep(1);
system("cls");
}
else
{
break;
}
}
while (1)
{
printf("Name: ");
scanf("%s", p_seq->elem[p_seq->length].stuName);
if (strlen(p_seq->elem[p_seq->length].stuName) >= NAME_SIZE)
{
printf("It's too long, enter again\n");
sleep(1);
system("cls");
}
else
{
break;
}
}
while (1)
{
printf("Score: ");
scanf("%lf", &p_seq->elem[p_seq->length].stuScore);
if (p_seq->elem[p_seq->length].stuScore <0 || p_seq->elem[p_seq->length].stuScore > 100)
{
printf("The score is percentage system\n");
sleep(1);
system("cls");
}
else
{
break;
}
}
p_seq->length++;
}

void NodeDelete(SqList *p_seq, int locate)
{
for (int i=locate; i<=p_seq->length; i++)
{
memccpy((p_seq->elem[i-1]).stuID, (p_seq->elem[i]).stuID, '\0', ID_SIZE);
memccpy((p_seq->elem[i-1]).stuName, (p_seq->elem[i]).stuName, '\0', NAME_SIZE);
(p_seq->elem[i-1]).stuScore = (p_seq->elem[i]).stuScore;
}
p_seq->length--;
}

stuPtr search(stuPtr p, size_t len, char *target)
{
for (unsigned i=0; i<len; i++)
{
if (strcmp(p[i].stuID, target) == 0)
{
return (p+i);
}
else if (strcmp(p[i].stuName, target)== 0)
{
return (p+i);
}
}
return NULL;
}

void print(StuData *elem, size_t len)
{
printf("      ID                Name                Score\n");
printf("    -----------------------------------------------\n");
if (len <= 0)
{
printf("\a\n\t\tWarning: NO data exist!\n");
}
else
{
unsigned count = 0;
for (unsigned i=0; i<len; i++)
{
printf("%3d-", ++count);
printf(" %s\t\t", elem[i].stuID);
printf(" %s\t\t", elem[i].stuName);
printf(" %.2lf\n", elem[i].stuScore);
}
printf("    num: %lu\n", len);
}
printf("    -----------------------------------------------\n");
}

void save(FILE *stream, stuPtr p, size_t len)
{
if (len <= 0)
{
printf("\a\n\n\t\tSorry: No data exist!\n");
sleep(2);
return;
}
else
{
unsigned count = 0;
fprintf(stream, "      ID                  Name                 Score\n");
fprintf(stream, "    -------------------------------------------------\n");
for (unsigned i=0; i<len; i++)
{
fprintf(stream, "%3d-", ++count);
fprintf(stream, " %s\t\t", p[i].stuID);
fprintf(stream, " %s\t\t", p[i].stuName);
fprintf(stream, " %.2lf\n", p[i].stuScore);
}
fprintf(stream,"\n    -------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("\a\n\n\tSave successfully!\n\n");
}
}