SSM(Spring+Spring MVC+Mybatis)框架整合过程

最近做一个项目用到了SSM框架，在此记录一下。本人萌新，错误之处，欢迎大家交流指正。

这里将实现一个简单的登录功能。

一、代码结构

为了方便管理，这里使用Maven来管理整个项目。代码结构如下图所示：



entity定义各种实体类。

dao数据接入，定义各种操作数据库的接口。

mapper存放mybatis数据库映射配置。

service业务层，定义各种业务接口。

serviceImpl对业务层接口的实现。

controller控制层，用于对业务模块的流程控制。

二、Mybatis与Spring的整合

1、pom.xml配置

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>cn.ipoc</groupId>
<artifactId>ssmtest</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>Maven Webapp Archetype</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring.version>4.1.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
<jackson.version>2.5.0</jackson.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>

<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<!-- spring配置 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<!-- mybatis 包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.2.8</version>
</dependency>

<!--mybatis spring 插件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>

<!-- mysql连接 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.44</version>
</dependency>

<!-- 数据源 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5-pre8</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.8.4</version>
</dependency>

<!-- servlet -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0-alpha-1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>

</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>ssmtest</finalName>
<plugins>
<!-- define the project compile level -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>

2、web.xml配置

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">
<!-- <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> -->

<!-- Spring配置 -->
<!-- 配置Spring配置文件路径，让ContextLoaderListener进行解析 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

<!-- 配置Spring上下文监听器，再启动WEB容器时，
自动装载applicationContext.xml配置 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<!-- 配置Spring字符编码过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>

3、applicationContext配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> 
<!-- 引入jdbc配置 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>

<!-- 扫描文件-->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.ipoc"/>

<!--配置数据源-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc_driverClassName}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc_url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc_username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc_password}"/>
<!--连接池中保存的最大连接数目-->
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="${maxPoolSize}"/>
<!--连接池中保存的最少连接数目-->
<property name="minPoolSize" value="${minPoolSize}"/>
<!-- 初始化连接大小 -->
<property name="initialPoolSize" value="${initialPoolSize}"/>
<!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->
<property name="maxConnectionAge" value="${maxConnectionAge}"/>
<!-- 连接池最大空闲 -->
<property name="maxIdleTime" value="${maxIdleTime}"/>
</bean>

<!--配置sqlSessionFactory 并将数据源注入-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!--注入数据源-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!--指定要使用到的mybatis配置文件-->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
<!--用于配置mapper映射xml-->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:cn/ipoc/mapper/*.xml"/>
</bean>

<!-- 创建数据映射器-->
<bean  class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="cn.ipoc.dao"/>
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 对数据源进行事务管理 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>

</beans>

4、jdbc.properties配置

jdbc.properties保存数据库相关信息，需要根据数据库配置进行修改。

jdbc_driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc_url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test_my?characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc_username=root
jdbc_password=123456
maxPoolSize=20
minPoolSize=2
initialPoolSize=2
maxConnectionAge=6000
maxIdleTime=60

5、mybatis-config配置

为了方便后续编程，在mybatis的配置文件中为实体类设置简短别名。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

<!--为cn.ipoc.entity.User 设置别名 User 方便调用-->
<typeAliases>
<typeAlias alias="User" type="cn.ipoc.entity.User"/>
</typeAliases>

</configuration>

配置完成后，可以开始设计相关数据库表结构。

6、User类

现在开始实现entity下的User类。

package cn.ipoc.entity;

public class User {
private String uid;
private String password;

public User() {
super();
}

//初始化构造函数
public User(String uid,String password) {
this.uid=uid;
this.password=password;
}

public String getUid() {
return uid;
}
public void setUid(String uid) {
this.uid=uid;
}

public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password=password;
}
}

7、dao接口

在"cn.ipoc.dao"中定义UserDao接口。

package cn.ipoc.dao;

import cn.ipoc.entity.User;

public interface UserDao {
public User selectById(String uid);
}

8、映射文件

在"cn.ipoc.mapper"中配置mybatis映射文件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<!--namespace用于与DAO层的接口类进行绑定,这样我们无需实现DAO层的接口
类,其接口类就能够自动的找到相关的SQL语句进行绑定实现-->

<mapper namespace="cn.ipoc.dao.UserDao">
<!--select表示查询,它的id名称必须与DAO层接口的方法名相同,否则无法绑定-->
<select id="selectById" parameterType="String" resultType="User">
select * from user where uid = #{id}
</select>
</mapper>

9、测试

至此，Mybatis与Spring整合的相关配置已基本完成。下面在"cn.ipoc.test"下定义一个test类来测试整合是否成功。

package cn.ipoc.test;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import cn.ipoc.dao.UserDao;
import cn.ipoc.entity.User;

public class test {
private static ApplicationContext ac;
static {
ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {

UserDao mapper = (UserDao) ac.getBean("userDao");
User user = mapper.selectById("user001");
System.out.println("user="+user.getUid()+"\n"+"password="+user.getPassword());
}
}

如果整合成功，控制台会输出如下信息：

三、Mybatis与Spring MVC整合

在完成Mybatis和Spring的整合后，接下来开始Mybatis与Spring MVC的整合。

首先在web.xml中配置Spring MVC的前端控制器DispatcherServlet。

1、web.xml

<!-- springMVC 核心控制器  DispatcherServlet 配置 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<!-- 标明springmvc配置位置 -->
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<!-- 拦截所有*.do 的请求,交给DispatcherServlet处理,性能最好 -->
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<!-- 设定默认的首页 -->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>

2、spring-mvc.xml

接下来在spring-mvc.xml中配置Spring MVC的框架，存放在"src/main/resources"下。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd"> 
<!-- 配置扫描控制器， Spring自动到 cn.ipoc.controller下
扫描带有@controller @service @component等注解等类，将他们自动实例化-->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.ipoc" />

<!--<mvc:annotation-driven /> 会自动注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping与
AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter 两个bean,它解决了一些 @controller 注解使用时的提前配置-->
<mvc:annotation-driven />

<!-- 配置页面控制器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>

</beans>

3、业务实现

在"cn.ipoc.service"中编写接口类UserService。

package cn.ipoc.service;

public interface UserService {
public int login(String username,String password);
}

接下来，在"cn.ipoc.serviceImpl"中编写UserServiceImpl类实现UserService中的login方法。

package cn.ipoc.serviceIpml;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import cn.ipoc.dao.UserDao;
import cn.ipoc.entity.User;
import cn.ipoc.service.UserService;

@Service("UserService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{

//自动注入userdao 用于访问数据库
@Autowired
UserDao userDao;

public int login(String username, String password) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
User user=userDao.selectById(username);
if(null!=user) {
if(user.getUid().equals(username)&&user.getPassword().equals(password)) {
return 0; //登录成功
}else {
return 1; //用户名或密码错误
}
}else {
return 2;     //用户不存在
}
}
}

4、控制层实现

在"cn.ipoc.controller"中实现LoginCtrl类，用于处理前端提交的业务。

package cn.ipoc.controller;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import cn.ipoc.service.UserService;

//@Controller 注解表示本类为web层控制组件
@Controller
//@RequestMapping("/user") 用于标定访问时对url位置
@RequestMapping("/user")
@Scope("prototype")
public class LoginCtrl {
//自动注入业务层的UserService类
@Autowired
UserService userService;

//login业务的访问位置为  /user/login
@RequestMapping("/login")
public String login(HttpServletRequest request)
throws ServletException, IOException{
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
int loginStatus = userService.login(username, password);
if(loginStatus==0) {
request.setAttribute("msg", "登录成功");
}else if(loginStatus==1) {
request.setAttribute("msg", "用户名或密码错误");
}else {
request.setAttribute("msg", "用户不存在");
}
return "status";
}
}

5、jsp实现

login.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<form name="form" action="<%=basePath %>user/login.do" method="post" >
<table width="300" border="1" align="center">
<tr>
<td colspan="2">登入窗口</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>用户名:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="username">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密码:</td>
<td><input  type="password" name="password"/>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="登录"/>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>

status.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<br>
${msg}
<br>

</body>
</html>

至此，所有的整合工作已完成。看一下整合结果吧。

登录界面



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