C++基础学习笔记：自定义数组模板类

//!时间：2017年9月12日（周二）下午
//!内容：数组模板类
/*
修改：2017年9月13上午
成员方法中delete未正确匹配
改进：2017年9月13晚上
数组总量改为固定
*/
#define _CRTDBG_MAP_ALLOC
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include "ArrayTemplate.h"
#include "Arr.h"
#include <ctime>
int main()
{
using namespace std;
{
clock_t one = clock();
Arr<int, 1> testOne(1);
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
{
testOne.Add(5, 1);
}
clock_t two = clock();
Array<int, 1> testTwo(1);
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
{
testTwo.Add(5, 1);
}
clock_t three = clock();
cout << "Add(5, 1)*10000固定大小arr: " << (double)(two - one) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC << endl;
cout << "Add(5, 1)*10000不固定Array: " << (double)(three - two) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC << endl<<endl;
cout << "测试int:" << endl;
cout << "声明一个长度为5的int型数组并赋值:";
Arr<int, 5> test;
for (int i = 0; i < test.Size(); i++)
{
test[i] = i;
cout << "  " << test[i];
}
cout << endl << "间隔插入数字6:";
for (int i = 5; i >= 0; i--)
{
test.Add(6,i);
}
for (int i = 0; i < test.Size(); i++)
{
cout << "  " << test[i];
}
cout << endl << "第一个数字4位于:位" << test.Search(4);
test.Delete(9);//删除位9的4
test.Reset(4, 2);//将位2设置为4
cout << endl << "Reset(4, 2）后4位于:位" << test.Search(4) << endl << endl;

cout << "测试char *:" << endl;
cout << "声明一个长度为3的char型数组并赋值:\n";
Arr<char *, 3> str("aa");
for (int i = 0; i < str.Size(); i++)
{
cout << str[i]<<"  ";
}
str.Add("add");
str.Reset("reset", 1);
cout << "\n现在数组内容为:\n";
for (int i = 0; i <str.Size(); i++)
{
cout << str[i]<<"  ";
}

cout << endl<<endl<<"测试string:\n";
Arr<string, 3> ss("string");
for (int i = 3; i >= 0; i--)
{
ss.Add("aa", i);
}
ss.Reset("111", 1);
for (int i = 0; i <ss.Size(); i++)
{
cout << ss[i] << endl;
}
cout << endl;
}
system("pause");
_CrtDumpMemoryLeaks();
return 0;
}

#pragma once
template <typename T, int n>
class Arr
{
private:
static const int LIMIT = 11000;
int count = n;
T *arr;
public:
Arr()//构造
{
if (n > LIMIT) throw "丢一个异常";
arr = new T[LIMIT];
}
explicit Arr(const T&t)//构造
{
if (n > LIMIT) throw "丢一个异常";
arr = new T[LIMIT];
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
arr[i] = t;
}
~Arr()//析构
{
delete[]arr;
}
//下标访问
T&operator[](int i);
//插入or增加一个元素
bool Add(const T&t, int i = -1);
//删除某个元素
bool Delete(int i = -1);
//重置某个元素
bool Reset(const T&t, int i);
//查询某个元素第一个下标
int Search(const T&t);
//查询数组长度
int Size();
};
template <typename T, int n>
T& Arr<T, n>::operator[](int i)
{
if (i<0 || i >= count)
{
throw "out of limits";
}
return arr[i];
}
template <typename T, int n>
bool Arr<T, n>::Add(const T&t, int i)
{
if (count + 1 > LIMIT)
{
return false;
}
else if (i < 0 || i >= count)
{
count++;
arr[count - 1] = t;
return true;
}
else if (i >= 0 && i<count)
{
count++;
for (int x = count - 1; x > i; x--)
arr[x] = arr[x - 1];
arr[i] = t;
return true;
}
else return false;
}
template <typename T, int n>
bool Arr<T, n>::Delete(int i)
{
if (i < 0 && count>0)
{
count--;
return true;
}
else if (i >= 0 && count>0 && i<count)
{
count--;
for (int x = i; x < count; x++)
arr[x] = arr[x + 1];
return true;
}
else return false;
}
template <typename T, int n>
bool Arr<T, n>::Reset(const T&t, int i)
{
if (i >= 0 && i < count)
{
arr[i] = t;
return true;
}
else return false;
}
template <typename T, int n>
int Arr<T, n>::Search(const T&t)
{
for (int i = 0; i<count; i++)
if (arr[i] == t)
{
return i;
}
return -1;
}
template <typename T, int n>
int Arr<T, n>::Size()
{
return count;
}

//!使用模板实现一个自定义的数组类，
//!能够新增、修改、删除、使用下标访问数据、
//!根据数据返回数据组中第一个符合的小标、
//!获取数组中当前存储的数据个数
#pragma once
#include <iostream>

template <typename T, int n>
class Array
{
private:
int count=n;
T *ar;
T *temp;
public:
int theN()
{
return n;
}
Array()
{
ar = new T[count];
temp = nullptr;
}
explicit Array(const T&t);//初始化为同一个数值
~Array()
{
delete[]ar;
ar = nullptr;
if (nullptr!=temp)
{
delete[]temp;
}
temp = nullptr;
}
//下标访问
T&operator[](int i);
//插入or增加一个元素
bool Add(const T&t, int i = -1);
//重置某个元素
bool Reset(const T&t,int i);
//删除某个元素
bool Delete(int i=-1);
//查询某个元素第一个下标
int Search(const T&t);
//查询数组长度
int Size();
};
template <typename T, int n>
Array<T, n>::Array(const T&t)
{
ar = new T[count];
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
ar[i] = t;
}
template <typename T, int n>
T& Array<T, n>::operator[](int i)
{
if (i<0||i >= count)
{
throw "out of limits";
}
return ar[i];
}
template <typename T, int n>
bool Array<T, n>::Add(const T&t,int i)
{
if (i < 0||i>=count )
{
count++;
temp = new T[count];
for (int x = 0; x < count-1; x++)
temp[x] = ar[x];
delete []ar;
ar = new T[count];
for (int x = 0; x < count-1; x++)
ar[x] = temp[x];
ar[count - 1] = t;
delete []temp;
temp = nullptr;
return true;
}
else if (i >= 0 && i<count)
{
count++;
temp = new T[count];
for (int x = 0; x <i; x++)
temp[x] = ar[x];
temp[i] = t;
for (int x = i+1; x<count; x++)
temp[x] = ar[x-1];
delete []ar;
ar = new T[count];
for (int x = 0; x < count; x++)
ar[x] = temp[x];
delete []temp;
temp = nullptr;
return true;
}
else return false;
}
template <typename T, int n>
bool Array<T, n>::Reset(const T&t,int i)
{
if (i >= 0 && i < count)
{
ar[i] = t;
return true;
}
else return false;
}
template <typename T, int n>
bool Array<T, n>::Delete( int i)
{
if (i < 0&&count>0)
{
count--;
temp = new T[count];
for (int x = 0; x < count; x++)
temp[x] = ar[x];
delete []ar;
ar = new T[count];
for (int x = 0; x < count; x++)
ar[x] = temp[x];
delete []temp;
temp = nullptr;
return true;
}
else if(i>=0&&count>0&&i<count)
{
count--;
temp = new T[count];
for (int x = 0; x < i; x++)
temp[x] = ar[x];
for(int x=i;x<count;x++)
temp[x] = ar[x+1];
delete []ar;
ar = new T[count];
for (int x = 0; x < count; x++)
ar[x] = temp[x];
delete []temp;
temp = nullptr;
return true;
}
else return false;
}
template <typename T, int n>
int Array<T, n>::Search(const T&t)
{
for(int i=0;i<count;i++)
if (ar[i] == t)
{
return i;
}
//?throw "not find";
return -1;
}
template <typename T, int n>
int Array<T, n>::Size()
{
return count;
}