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JavaWeb项目实现文件上传动态显示进度

2017-08-28 10:02 639 查看


JavaWeb项目实现文件上传动态显示进度

当我学习JavaWeb文件上传的时候,我就一直有一个疑问,网站上那些博客的图片是怎么上传的,因为当提交了表单之后网页就跳转了。后来我学习到了Ajax,我知道了浏览器可以异步的发送响应,这时我又有新的疑问,那就是在我上传一些文件的时候,那些网站的上传进度是怎么做到的,因为servlet直到上传完成之后才完成响应。

  最近我们的项目中有一个地方中需要用到一个功能,当用户点击一个处理按钮时,前台会实时的显示后台处理动态,由于servlet一次只能接受一个请求,而且在servlet的生命周期结束时才会把响应数据发送到前台(这一点大家可以做个这样的测试:

1 response.getWriter().print("hello");
2 Thread.sleep(10000);
3 response.getWriter().print("world");


,你们会发现前台在等待了约10s后收到了"helloworld")。所以我想到了一个方法:使用单例保存实时信息。具体的实现方法就是,当用户点击了处理按钮时,在后台开启一个线程进行处理,并且每进行到一步,就向单例中写入当前状态信息。然后编写一个servlet,用于返回单例中的信息,前台循环发送请求,这样就能实现实时显示进度的效果。

  好了,啰嗦了这么多,下面进入正题,如何实现上传文件动态显示进度,其实思想和上面的功能是一致的,我将这个功能分为三个点:
单例:用于保存进度信息;
上传servlet:用于上传文件并实时写入进度;
进度servlet:用于读取实时进度信息;

  上代码,前台:

1 <!DOCTYPE html>
2 <html>
3 <head>
4 <meta charset="UTF-8">
5 <title>Insert title here</title>
6 <style type="text/css">
7     #progress:after {
8         content: '%';
9     }
10 </style>
11 </head>
12 <body>
13     <h3>File upload demo</h3>
14     <form action="TestServlet" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" id="dataForm">
15         <input type="file" name="file" id="fileInput"> <br>
16         <input type="submit" value="submit" id="submit">
17     </form>
18     <div id="progress"></div>
19     <script type="text/javascript" src="scripts/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
20     <script type="text/javascript">
21     (function () {
22         var form = document.getElementById("dataForm");
23         var progress = document.getElementById("progress");
24
25         $("#submit").click(function(event) {
26             //阻止默认事件
27             event.preventDefault();
28             //循环查看状态
29             var t = setInterval(function(){
30                 $.ajax({
31                     url: 'ProgressServlet',
32                     type: 'POST',
33                     dataType: 'text',
34                     data: {
35                         filename: fileInput.files[0].name,
36                     },
37                     success: function (responseText) {
38                         var data = JSON.parse(responseText);
39                         //前台更新进度
40                         progress.innerText = parseInt((data.progress / data.size) * 100);
41                     },
42                     error: function(){
43                         console.log("error");
44                     }
45                 });
46             }, 500);
47             //上传文件
48             $.ajax({
49                 url: 'UploadServlet',
50                 type: 'POST',
51                 dataType: 'text',
52                 data: new FormData(form),
53                 processData: false,
54                 contentType: false,
55                 success: function (responseText) {
56                     //上传完成,清除循环事件
57                     clearInterval(t);
58                     //将进度更新至100%
59                     progress.innerText = 100;
60                 },
61                 error: function(){
62                     console.log("error");
63                 }
64             });
65             return false;
66         });
67     })();
68     </script>
69 </body>
70 </html>


  后台,单例:

1 import java.util.Hashtable;
2
3 public class ProgressSingleton {
4     //为了防止多用户并发,使用线程安全的Hashtable
5     private static Hashtable<Object, Object> table = new Hashtable<>();
6
7     public static void put(Object key, Object value){
8         table.put(key, value);
9     }
10
11     public static Object get(Object key){
12         return table.get(key);
13     }
14
15     public static Object remove(Object key){
16         return table.remove(key);
17     }
18 }


  上传servlet:

1 import java.io.File;
2 import java.io.FileOutputStream;
3 import java.io.IOException;
4 import java.io.InputStream;
5 import java.util.List;
6
7 import javax.servlet.ServletException;
8 import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
9 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
10 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
11 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
12
13 import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.fileupload.FileItem;
14 import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.fileupload.FileUploadException;
15 import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
16 import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
17 import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.fileupload.servlet.ServletRequestContext;
18
19 import singleton.ProgressSingleton;
20
21 @WebServlet("/UploadServlet")
22 public class UploadServlet extends HttpServlet {
23     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
24
25     public UploadServlet() {
26     }
27
28     protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
29
30         DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
31         factory.setSizeThreshold(4*1024);
32
33         ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
34
35         List<FileItem> fileItems;
36         try {
37             fileItems = upload.parseRequest(new ServletRequestContext(request));
38             //获取文件域
39             FileItem fileItem = fileItems.get(0);
40             //使用sessionid + 文件名生成文件号
41             String id = request.getSession().getId() + fileItem.getName();
42             //向单例哈希表写入文件长度和初始进度
43             ProgressSingleton.put(id + "Size", fileItem.getSize());
44             //文件进度长度
45             long progress = 0;
46             //用流的方式读取文件,以便可以实时的获取进度
47             InputStream in = fileItem.getInputStream();
48             File file = new File("D:/test");
49             file.createNewFile();
50             FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(file);
51             byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
52             int readNumber = 0;
53             while((readNumber = in.read(buffer)) != -1){
54                 //每读取一次,更新一次进度大小
55                 progress = progress + readNumber;
56                 //向单例哈希表写入进度
57                 ProgressSingleton.put(id + "Progress", progress);
58                 out.write(buffer);
59             }
60             //当文件上传完成之后,从单例中移除此次上传的状态信息
61             ProgressSingleton.remove(id + "Size");
62             ProgressSingleton.remove(id + "Progress");
63             in.close();
64             out.close();
65         } catch (FileUploadException e) {
66             e.printStackTrace();
67         }
68
69         response.getWriter().print("done");
70     }
71
72     protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
73         doGet(request, response);
74     }
75
76 }


  进度servlet:

1 import java.io.IOException;
2
3 import javax.servlet.ServletException;
4 import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
5 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
6 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
7 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
8
9 import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
10 import singleton.ProgressSingleton;
11
12 @WebServlet("/ProgressServlet")
13 public class ProgressServlet extends HttpServlet {
14     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
15
16     public ProgressServlet() {
17         super();
18         // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
19     }
20
21     protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
22
23         String id = request.getSession().getId();
24         String filename = request.getParameter("filename");
25         //使用sessionid + 文件名生成文件号,与上传的文件保持一致
26         id = id + filename;
27         Object size = ProgressSingleton.get(id + "Size");
28         size = size == null ? 100 : size;
29         Object progress = ProgressSingleton.get(id + "Progress");
30         progress = progress == null ? 0 : progress;
31         JSONObject json = new JSONObject();
32         json.put("size", size);
33         json.put("progress", progress);
34         response.getWriter().print(json.toString());
35     }
36
37     protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
38         doGet(request, response);
39     }
40
41 }
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