C.Primer.Plus(第六版)第16章 编程练习

//16.1
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
bool isPalindrome(const string &);
int main(){
cout<<"Please enter a string type data:";
string str1;
while(cin>>str1 && str1 != "quit"){
for(int i=0;i<str1.length();++i){
if(!islower(str1[i])){
cout<<"The input must be a lowercase character,bye!"<<endl;
return 0;
}
}
isPalindrome(str1);
cout<<"Please enter a string type data:";
}
}
bool isPalindrome(const string & str){
for(int i = 0,j = str.length()-1; i<=j;++i,--j)
if(str[i] != str[j]){
cout<<"the string dont't match Palindrome type,bye!"<<endl;
return 0;
}
cout<<"Input string is a Palindrome number."<<endl;
return 1;
}

//16.2
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
bool isPalindrome(const string &);
int main(){
cout<<"Please enter a string type data:";
string str1;
while(cin>>str1 && str1 != "quit"){
string temp;
for(int i=0;i<str1.length();++i){
if(isalpha(str1[i]))
temp.push_back(tolower(str1[i]));
}
str1 =temp;
isPalindrome(str1);
cout<<"Please enter a string type data:";
}
}
bool isPalindrome(const string & str){
for(int i = 0,j = str.length()-1; i<=j;++i,--j)
if(str[i] != str[j]){
cout<<"the string dont't match Palindrome type,bye!"<<endl;
return 0;
}
cout<<"Input string is a Palindrome number."<<endl;
return 1;
}

//16.3
// hangman.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
#include <cctype>
using std::string;
const int NUM = 26;
int main()
{
using namespace std;
std::srand(std::time(0));
vector<std::string> str_arr;
string temp;
ifstream fopen;
fopen.open("data.txt");
if(!fopen.is_open())
{
cout<<"Could not open the data file"<<endl;
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
fopen>>temp;
while(fopen.good())
{
str_arr.push_back(temp);
fopen>>temp;
}
char play;
cout<<"Will you play a word game? <y/n> ";
cin>>play;
play = tolower(play);
while(play == 'y')
{
string target = str_arr[std::rand() % str_arr.size()];
int length = target.length();
string attempt(length,'-');
string badchars;
int guesses = 6;
cout<<"Guess my secret word. It has "<<length
<<" length, and you guess\n"
<<"one letter at a time.You get "<<guesses
<<" wrong guesses.\n";
cout<<"Your word: "<<attempt<<endl;
while(guesses > 0 && attempt != target)
{
char letter;
cout<<"Guess a letter: ";
cin>>letter;
if(badchars.find(letter) != string::npos || attempt.find(letter) !=string::npos)
{
cout<<"You already guessed that. Try again.\n";
continue;
}
int loc = target.find(letter);
if(loc == string::npos)
{
cout<<"Oh,bad guess!\n";
--guesses;
badchars += letter;
}
else
{
cout<<"Good guess!\n";
attempt[loc] = letter;
loc = target.find(letter,loc+1);
while(loc != string::npos)
{
attempt[loc] = letter;
loc = target.find(letter,loc+1);
}
}
cout<<"Your word: "<<attempt<<endl;
if(attempt != target)
{
if(badchars.length()>0)
cout<<"Bad choices:"<<badchars<<endl;
cout<<guesses<<"bad guesses left\n";
}
}
if(guesses > 0)
cout<<"That's right!\n";
else
co
4000
ut<<"Sorry,the word is "<<target<<".\n";
cout<<"Will you plat another? <y/n>";
cin>>play;
play = tolower(play);
}
cout<<"Bye\n";
return 0;
}

//16.4
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;

int reduce(long ar[],int n);
bool compare(long a,long b)
{
return a<b;//increase
//return a>b;//decrease
}
int main()
{
long lo[6] = {2,3,44,3,3,2};
int count = reduce(lo,6);
for(int i = 0;i<count;++i)
cout<<lo[i]<<" ";
cout<<endl;
}

int reduce(long ar[],int n)
{
vector<long> arr;
for(int i = 0;i<n;i++)
arr.push_back(ar[i]);
sort(arr.begin(),arr.end(),compare);
vector<long>::iterator new_end = unique(arr.begin(),arr.end());//将有效数据排序,将有效结尾存储下来
arr.erase(new_end,arr.end());//删除多余的数据
int count = 0;
for(vector<long>::iterator temp = arr.begin();temp != arr.end();++temp)
ar[count++] = (*temp);
return count;
}

//16.5
#include <iostream>
#include <string> //忘记定义string类...
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;

template <class T>
int reduce(T ar[],int n);
int main()
{
string test[6] = {"just","different","amazing","MDF","Magic","amazing"};
int count = reduce(test,6);
for(int i = 0;i<count;++i)
cout<<test[i].c_str()<<" ";
cout<<endl;
long lo[6] = {2,3,44,3,3,2};
int size = reduce(lo,6);
for(int i = 0;i<size;++i)
cout<<lo[i]<<" ";
cout<<endl;
return 0;
}
template <class T>
int reduce(T ar[],int n)
{
vector<T> arr;
for(int i = 0;i<n;i++)
arr.push_back(ar[i]);
sort(arr.begin(),arr.end());
vector<T>::iterator new_end = unique(arr.begin(),arr.end());//将有效数据排序,将有效结尾存储下来
arr.erase(new_end,arr.end());//删除多余的数据
int count = 0;
for(vector<T>::iterator temp = arr.begin();temp != arr.end();++temp)
ar[count++] = (*temp);
return count;
}

// 16.6  仅仅是简单的使用queue模板类的方法
#include <iostream>
#include <queue>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>

const int MIN_PER_HR = 60;
bool newcustomer(double x);

class Customer
{
private:
long arrive;// arrival time for customer
int processtime;//processing time for customer 交易时间
public:
Customer(){arrive = processtime = 0;}
void set(long when)
{
processtime = std::rand() % 3 + 1;
arrive = when;
}
long when() const {return arrive;}
int ptime() const {return processtime;}
};

typedef Customer Item;
int main()
{
using namespace std;
std::srand(std::time(0));
cout<<"Case Study:Bank of Heather Automatic Teller\n";
cout<<"Enter maximum size of queue:";
int qs;
cin>>qs;
queue<Item> line;//
cout<<"Enter the number of simulation hours: ";
int hours;
cin>>hours;//测试时间
// simulation will run 1 cycle per minute
long cyclelimit = MIN_PER_HR * hours;//循环次数
cout<<"Enter the average number of customer per hour: ";
double perhour;
cin>>perhour;//一小时多少客户
double min_per_cust;
min_per_cust = MIN_PER_HR / perhour;//每分钟多少客户

Item temp;// new customer data
long turnaways = 0;//turned away by full queue 被拒绝的客户
long customers = 0;//joined the queue
long served = 0;//served during the simulation  服务人数
long sum_line = 0;//cumulative line lentgth 累计长度
int wait_time = 0;//time until autoteller is free
long line_wait = 0;//cumulative time in line
for(int cycle = 0;cycle<cyclelimit;cycle++)
{
if(newcustomer(min_per_cust))//有客户访问
{
if(line.size() == qs)//队列是否满员//
turnaways++;
else
{
customers++;
temp.set(cycle);//将进队时的时间记录下来，用于记录在队列中的时间,以及操作时间
line.push(temp);//入队//
}
}
if(wait_time<=0 && !line.empty())//如果客户操作完成
{
line.pop();//出队并将指针指向新的头结点
wait_time = temp.ptime();//得到被释放头结点的操作时间
line_wait += cycle - temp.when();//从排队到开始操作的时间
served++;
}

if(wait_time>0)
wait_time--;
sum_line += line.size();//
}
if(customers>0)
{
cout<<"customers accepted: "<<customers<<endl;
cout<<" customers served: "<<served<<endl;
cout<<"    turnaways:"<<turnaways<<endl;
cout<<"average queue size:";
cout.precision(2);
cout.setf(ios_base::fixed,ios_base::floatfield);
cout<<(double)sum_line/cyclelimit <<endl;
cout<<"average wait time: "
<<(double)line_wait /served <<" minutes\n";
}
else
cout<<"No customers!\n";
cout<<"Done!\n";
return 0;
}
bool newcustomer(double x)
{
return (std::rand() * x / RAND_MAX <1);
}

//16.7
#include <iostream>
#include <ctime>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;

vector<int> lotto(int x,int y);

int main()
{
srand(time(0));
vector<int> winners;
winners = lotto(51,6);
for(int i =0;i<winners.size();i++)
cout<<winners[i]<<" ";
cout<<endl;
}

vector<int> lotto(int x, int y)
{
vector<int> temp;
vector<int> output;
for(int i =0;i<x;++i)
temp.push_back(i+1);
for(int i =0;i<y;++i)
{
random_shuffle(temp.begin(),temp.end());
output.push_back(temp[0]);
}
return output;
}

//16.8
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <list>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
int main()
{
using namespace std;
list<string> mat,pat;
cout<<"please enter mat's friend list(\"quit\" to end):";
string temp;
while(cin>>temp && temp != "quit"){
mat.push_back(temp);
cout<<"please enter mat's friend list:";
}
cout<<"please enter pat's friend list(\"quit\" to end):";
while(cin>>temp && temp != "quit"){
pat.push_back(temp);
cout<<"please enter pat's friend list(\"quit\" to end):";
}
mat.sort(),mat.unique();
pat.sort(),pat.unique();
for(list<string>::iterator it = mat.begin();it != mat.end();++it)
cout<<(*it)<<" , ";
cout<<endl;
for(list<string>::iterator it = pat.begin();it != pat.end();++it)
cout<<(*it)<<" , ";
cout<<endl;
vector<string> sum(pat.size()+mat.size());
copy(mat.begin(),mat.end(),sum.begin());
copy(pat.begin(),pat.end(),(sum.begin()+mat.size()));
sort(sum.begin(),sum.end());
vector<string>::iterator new_end = unique(sum.begin(),sum.end());
sum.erase(new_end,sum.end());
copy(sum.begin(),sum.end(),ostream_iterator<string>(cout," "));
cout<<endl;
return 0;
}

//16.9
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <ctime>
#include <algorithm>
const int NUM = 100000;
int main()
{
using namespace std;
srand(time(0));
vector<int> vi0(NUM);
for(int i =0;i<vi0.size();++i)
vi0[i]= rand() % 100 + 1;
vector<int> vi(vi0);
list<int> li(vi0.begin(),vi0.end());

clock_t start = clock();
sort(vi.begin(),vi.end());
clock_t end = clock();
cout<<"STL algorithm time cost is "<<(double)(end-start)/CLOCKS_PER_SEC<<endl;
start = clock();
li.sort();
end = clock();
cout<<"list member function time cost is"<<(double)(end-start)/CLOCKS_PER_SEC<<endl;

copy(vi0.begin(),vi0.end(),li.begin());
start = clock();
copy(li.begin(),li.end(),vi.begin());
sort(vi.begin(),vi.end());
copy(vi.begin(),vi.end(),li.begin());
end = clock();
cout<<"Compromise method time cost is"<<(double)(end-start)/CLOCKS_PER_SEC<<endl;
return 0;
}

//16.10
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <memory>
struct Review{
std::string title;
int rating;
double price;
};

bool FillReview(Review & rr);
bool operator<( const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r1,const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r2);
bool showRating(const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r1, const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r2);
bool showPrice(const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r1, const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r2);
void ShowReview(const std::shared_ptr<Review> & rr);
void Showmenu();

int main()
{
using namespace std;
vector<shared_ptr<Review>> books;
Review temp;
while(FillReview(temp))
books.push_back(shared_ptr<Review>(new Review(temp)));
vector<shared_ptr<Review>> new_ord(books); //按照题目要求分别创建对应的shared_ptr对象
sort(new_ord.begin(),new_ord.end()); //按字母排序
vector<shared_ptr<Review>> new_pri(books);//按价格排序对象
sort(new_pri.begin(),new_pri.end(),showPrice);
vector<shared_ptr<Review>> new_rat(books);//按评分排序的对象
sort(new_rat.begin(),new_rat.end(),showRating);

if(books.size() > 0)
{
cout<< "Thank you,You entered the following "
<< books.size() << " ratings.\n";
Showmenu();
char key;
cin>>key;
while(key != 'q')
{
cout<<"title\t"<<"rating\t"<<"price\n";
switch(key)
{
case'1':for_each(books.begin(),books.end(), ShowReview);
break;
case'2': for_each(new_ord.begin(),new_ord.end(), ShowReview);
break;
case'3':for_each(new_pri.begin(), new_pri.end(), ShowReview);
break;
case'4':for_each(new_rat.begin(), new_rat.end(), ShowReview);
break;
case'5':for_each(new_pri.rbegin(), new_pri.rend(), ShowReview);//反向输出
break;
case'6':for_each(new_rat.rbegin(), new_rat.rend(), ShowReview);
break;
case 'q':break;
default: std::cout << "Error input,please enter the true type:\n";
break;
}
Showmenu();
cin >> key;
}
}
else
cout<<"books is empty,end!\n";
return 0;
}
bool FillReview(Review & rr)
{
std::cout<<"Enter book title (quit to quit): ";
std::getline(std::cin,rr.title);
if(rr.title == "quit")
return false;
std::cout<<"Enter book rating: ";
std::cin>>rr.rating;
if(!std::cin)
return false;
while(std::cin.get() != '\n')
continue;
std::cout<<"Enter book price: ";
std::cin>>rr.price;
if(!std::cin)
return false;
while(std::cin.get() != '\n')
continue;
return true;
}
bool operator<( const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r1,const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r2)
{
if (r1->title < r2->title)
return true;
else
return false;
}

bool showRating(const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r1, const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r2) //默认升序
{
if (r1->rating < r2->rating)
return true;
else
return false;
}
bool showPrice(const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r1, const std::shared_ptr<Review> & r2)
{
if (r1->price < r2->price)
return true;
else
return false;
}
void ShowReview(const std::shared_ptr<Review> & rr)
{
std::cout<<rr->title<<"\t"<<rr->rating<<"\t"<<rr->price<<std::endl;
}
void Showmenu()
{
std::cout<<"display by different choice:\n"
<<"1:ordinary order        "<<"2:Alphabetical order\t"<<"        3:Ascending price\n"<<"4:Ascending rating\t"
<<"5:Descending order price\t"<<"6:Descending order rating\n"<<"q:quit\n";
}