linux 运维shell习题

1. linux如何挂在windows下的共享目录？

#匿名共享
[root@node2 ~]# mount.cifs //192.168.174.1/isos /media/
[root@node2 media]# ls
CentOS-6.8-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso                             ubuntu-16.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso
CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-1511.iso                        win_7激活工具.exe
coreos_production_iso_image.iso                            系统映像WindowsServer2003SP2EnterpriseEdition.iso
SW_DVD5_Win_Pro_7w_SP1_64BIT_ChnSimp_-2_MLF_X17-59526.iso
#认证共享
[root@node2 /]# umount /media/
[root@node2 /]# cd /media/
[root@node2 media]# ls
[root@node2 media]# cd ..
[root@node2 /]# mount.cifs //192.168.174.1/isos /media/ -o username=ftp1
Password for ftp1@//192.168.174.1/isos:  *********
[root@node2 /]# cd /media/
[root@node2 media]# ls
CentOS-6.8-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso                             ubuntu-16.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso
CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-1511.iso                        win_7激活工具.exe
coreos_production_iso_image.iso                            系统映像WindowsServer2003SP2EnterpriseEdition.iso
SW_DVD5_Win_Pro_7w_SP1_64BIT_ChnSimp_-2_MLF_X17-59526.iso
[root@node2 media]#

2.使用for循环在/oldboy目录下通过随机小写10个字母加固定字符串oldboy批量创建10个html文件，名称例如为：

[root@localhost ~]# sh create_html.sh
[root@localhost ~]# ls /oldboy/
bdjcfhebff_oldboy.html  dffgcabcci_oldboy.html  fgjeaafbaf_oldboy.html  iadfffigib_oldboy.html
bjggfdaafa_oldboy.html  dfhbffaaaa_oldboy.html  gfbabcadjc_oldboy.html
cbdeaacfdd_oldboy.html  efeaffhgab_oldboy.html  hbcdjicacg_oldboy.html
[root@localhost ~]# cat create_html.sh
#!/bin/bash
for i in {1..10}
do
name=`echo $RANDOM|md5sum|cut -c 1-10 |tr '[0-9]' '[a-z]'`
touch /oldboy/"$name"'_oldboy.html'
done
[root@localhost ~]#

3.请使用两种方法将上题的oldboy改成oldgirl并将html该为HTML。

#方法一
[root@localhost ~]# sh modify_html.sh
[root@localhost ~]# ll /oldboy/
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 27 19:47 bdjcfhebff_oldgirl.HTML
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 27 19:47 bjggfdaafa_oldgirl.HTML
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 27 19:47 cbdeaacfdd_oldgirl.HTML
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 27 19:47 dffgcabcci_oldgirl.HTML
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 27 19:47 dfhbffaaaa_oldgirl.HTML
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 27 19:47 efeaffhgab_oldgirl.HTML
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 27 19:47 fgjeaafbaf_oldgirl.HTML
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 27 19:47 gfbabcadjc_oldgirl.HTML
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 27 19:47 hbcdjicacg_oldgirl.HTML
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jul 27 19:47 iadfffigib_oldgirl.HTML
[root@localhost ~]# cat modify_html.sh
#!/bin/bash
cd /oldboy/
for name in `ls`
do
x=`echo $name |sed 's/html$/HTML/g'`
y=`echo $x | sed 's/boy/girl/g'`
mv "$name" "$y"
done
[root@localhost ~]#

#方法二
[root@localhost ~]# cat modify_html_2.sh
#!bin/bash
cd /oldboy/
rename 'html' 'HTML' *
rename 'boy'  'girl' *
[root@localhost ~]#

4.批量创建10个账号oldboy01-oldboy10 密码为随机8个字符串。

[root@localhost ~]# sh useradd_batch.sh
Changing password for user oldboy01.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
Changing password for user oldboy02.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
Changing password for user oldboy03.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
Changing password for user oldboy04.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
Changing password for user oldboy05.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
Changing password for user oldboy06.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
Changing password for user oldboy07.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
Changing password for user oldboy08.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
Changing password for user oldboy09.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
Changing password for user oldboy10.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@localhost ~]# cat useradd_batch.sh
#!/bin/bash
for i in {01..10}
do
PassWord=`echo $RANDOM|md5sum|cut -c 1-8`
UserName='oldboy'"$i"
useradd -M $UserName
echo $PassWord |passwd --stdin $UserName
done
[root@localhost ~]# grep 'oldboy' /etc/passwd
oldboy01:x:1000:1000::/home/oldboy01:/bin/bash
oldboy02:x:1001:1001::/home/oldboy02:/bin/bash
oldboy03:x:1002:1002::/home/oldboy03:/bin/bash
oldboy04:x:1003:1003::/home/oldboy04:/bin/bash
oldboy05:x:1004:1004::/home/oldboy05:/bin/bash
oldboy06:x:1005:1005::/home/oldboy06:/bin/bash
oldboy07:x:1006:1006::/home/oldboy07:/bin/bash
oldboy08:x:1007:1007::/home/oldboy08:/bin/bash
oldboy09:x:1008:1008::/home/oldboy09:/bin/bash
oldboy10:x:1009:1009::/home/oldboy10:/bin/bash
[root@localhost ~]#

5.写一个脚本，判断192.168.174.0/24 有多少在线IP？

[root@localhost ~]# sh ping_batch_2.sh
UP: 4 DOWN: 250

#单进程的ping耗时太长
#本来想用命名管道的，但是没有成功
#借助一个文件来实现并发的ping，但是这个文件没有加锁，这样不安全
[root@localhost ~]# cat ping_batch_2.sh
#!/bin/bash
ip=192.168.174
UP=0
DOWN=0
for i in {1..254}
do
IP="$ip"'.'"$i"
ping -c 3 $IP >/dev/null 2>&1 && echo "1 $IP" >> .npipe_ping || echo "0 $IP" >> .npipe_ping &
done
wait
cat .npipe_ping |awk '{host[$1]++;} END{print "UP: "host[1],"DOWN: "host[0];}'
rm -f .npipe_ping
[root@localhost ~]#

6.请用两种方法实现for循环打印下面这句话字母数不大于 6的单词。

I am oldboy teacher welcome to oldboy training class

[root@localhost ~]# x="I am oldboy teacher welcome to oldboy training class"
[root@localhost ~]# echo $x | awk 'END{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){if(length($i)<=6){print $i}}}'
I
am
oldboy
to
oldboy
class
[root@localhost ~]# for((i=1;;i++));do split=`echo $x|cut -d" " -f$i`;if [ "$split" == "" ];then break;fi; echo $split;done
I
am
oldboy
teacher
welcome
to
oldboy
training
class

7.提取文件test.log中FAILD与SUCCESSFUL的字符但不包括DONE的行，然后以:为隔符，提取第三列

[root@localhost ~]# cat text.log
FAILD:SUCCESSFUL:DONE:CRITICAL
FAILD:SUCCESSFUL:NO:GOOD
FAILD:NO:DO:QINGYUN
SUCCESSFUL:DONE:CRITICAL::CRITICAL

[root@localhost ~]# cat text.log |grep -E "(SUCCESSFUL|FAILD)"|grep -v "DONE" |cut -d":" -f3
NO
DO
[root@localhost ~]# cat text.log |grep -E "(SUCCESSFUL|FAILD)"|grep -v "DONE" |awk -F':' '{print $3}'
NO
DO
[root@localhost ~]#

8.mysql多实例启动脚本

[root@localhost ~]# cat mysql_muti.sh
#!/bin/bash
PORT=(3306 3307)
user=root
passwd=12345678
function start() {
for port in ${PORT[*]}
do
mysqld_safe --defaults-file="/data/$port/conf/my.cnf" &>/dev/null &
[ $? -eq 0 ] && { echo -e "mysql:$port Start \033[32m Success... \033[0m"; } || echo -e  "mysql:$port Start \033[33m Failed... \033[0m"
done
}
function stop() {
for port in ${PORT[*]}
do
mysqladmin -u$user -p$passwd -S "/data/$port/mysql.sock" shutdown &>/dev/null
[ $? -eq 0 ] && echo  -e "mysql:$port Stop \033[32m Success... \033[0m" || echo -e  "mysql:$port Stop \033[33m Failed...\033[0m"
done
}
function restart() {
stop
sleep 3
start
}
case $1 in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
restart
;;
*)
full_path=`cd $( dirname $0) &&  pwd`
echo "Use: sh $full_path/`basename $0` start|stop|restart"
;;
esac

9.shell 简单跳板机

[root@localhost ~]# cat signal_trapper.sh
#!/bin/bash
function trapper()
{
trap '' INT EXIT TSTP TERM HUP
}
function describe()
{
echo '
1) k8s_2
2) exit
'
read -p '  Choice: ' C
return $C
}
function action()
{
case $1 in
1)
ssh `whoami`@'192.168.174.131'
;;
2)
exit
;;
*)
clear
;;
esac
}
function main() {
while true
do

trapper
describe
action $?
done
}
if [ $UID -ne 0 ]
then
main
fi

10.统计最常用的命令

[root@localhost ~]#  history | awk '{CMD[$2]++;count++;} END { for(a in CMD) {print CMD[a] " " CMD[a]/count*100 "% " a}}' |grep -v "./"|column -c3 -s " " -t|sort -nr |nl|head -10