深入jdk——追踪Collections.sort 引发的bug（1）mergeSort

上篇博客介绍了因为重写比较方法引发的bug，这篇博客，咱们深入以下jdk对Collections.sort的实现，看看这个异常产生的原因，废话不多，先看源码：

1，Collections.sort

public static <T> void sort(List<T> list, Comparator<? super T> c) {
Object[] a = list.toArray();
Arrays.sort(a, (Comparator)c);
ListIterator i = list.listIterator();
for (int j=0; j<a.length; j++) {
i.next();
i.set(a[j]);
}
}

可以看到只转化为数组，利用数据的排序实现，继续深入：

2，Arrays.sort

public static <T> void sort(T[] a, Comparator<? super T> c) {
if (LegacyMergeSort.userRequested)
legacyMergeSort(a, c);
else
TimSort.sort(a, c);
}

LegacyMergeSort.userRequested的意思就是是否使用jdk6以前的经典算法啊，本篇文章先看经典算法：

3，legacyMergeSort

private static <T> void legacyMergeSort(T[] a, Comparator<? super T> c) {
T[] aux = a.clone();
if (c==null)
mergeSort(aux, a, 0, a.length, 0);
else
mergeSort(aux, a, 0, a.length, 0, c);
}

关键排序就是mergeSort

4,mergeSort

private static void mergeSort(Object[] src,
Object[] dest,
int low,
int high,
int off) {
int length = high - low;

// Insertion sort on smallest arrays
if (length < INSERTIONSORT_THRESHOLD) {
for (int i=low; i<high; i++)
for (int j=i; j>low &&
((Comparable) dest[j-1]).compareTo(dest[j])>0; j--)
swap(dest, j, j-1);
return;
}

// Recursively sort halves of dest into src
int destLow  = low;
int destHigh = high;
low  += off;
high += off;
int mid = (low + high) >>> 1;
mergeSort(dest, src, low, mid, -off);
mergeSort(dest, src, mid, high, -off);

// If list is already sorted, just copy from src to dest.  This is an
// optimization that results in faster sorts for nearly ordered lists.
if (((Comparable)src[mid-1]).compareTo(src[mid]) <= 0) {
System.arraycopy(src, low, dest, destLow, length);
return;
}

// Merge sorted halves (now in src) into dest
for(int i = destLow, p = low, q = mid; i < destHigh; i++) {
if (q >= high || p < mid && ((Comparable)src[p]).compareTo(src[q])<=0)
dest[i] = src[p++];
else
dest[i] = src[q++];
}
}

第一部分：

INSERTIONSORT_THRESHOLD标记采用简单插入算法的数组长度，因为简单插入算法在小范围内的计算效率是优于其他算法。

简单插入算法：

if (length < INSERTIONSORT_THRESHOLD) {
for (int i=low; i<high; i++)
for (int j=i; j>low &&
((Comparable) dest[j-1]).compareTo(dest[j])>0; j--)
swap(dest, j, j-1);
return;
}

第二部分：归并排序：

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ss="brush:java;toolbar:true">
// Recursively sort halves of dest into src
int destLow  = low;
int destHigh = high;
low  += off;
high += off;
int mid = (low + high) >>> 1;
mergeSort(dest, src, low, mid, -off);
mergeSort(dest, src, mid, high, -off);

// If list is already sorted, just copy from src to dest.  This is an
// optimization that results in faster sorts for nearly ordered lists.
if (((Comparable)src[mid-1]).compareTo(src[mid]) <= 0) {
System.arraycopy(src, low, dest, destLow, length);
return;
}

// Merge sorted halves (now in src) into dest
for(int i = destLow, p = low, q = mid; i < destHigh; i++) {
if (q >= high || p < mid && ((Comparable)src[p]).compareTo(src[q])<=0)
dest[i] = src[p++];
else
dest[i] = src[q++];
}

大家可以看我的博客，通过舞蹈的形式。了解插入算法的计算过程：
牛！用舞蹈演绎排序

总结：

这部分是经典的排序算法，在效率上的提升还是在jdk7中的TimSort，留个悬念，咱们下个博客不见不散！！