Spring Boot 使用 Junit

JUnit是一个Java语言的单元测试框架。它由Kent Beck和Erich Gamma建立，逐渐成为源于Kent Beck的sUnit的xUnit家族中最为成功的一个。 JUnit有它自己的JUnit扩展生态圈。多数Java的开发环境都已经集成了JUnit作为单元测试的工具。

通过观看https://my.oschina.net/sdlvzg/blog/1154281创建项目，再执行以下操作

在pom.xml中引入依赖包

<!-- 测试依赖包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

编写代码：

编写Service

package org.lvgang.service;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
* 测试类
* @author Administrator
*/
@Service
public class HelloService {

public String getName() {
return "hello";
}
}

编写Controller

package org.lvgang.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
* Hello测试类
* @author Administrator
*
*/
@RestController   // 等价于@Controller+@RequstMapping
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello(){
return "Hello world test!";
}
}

测试类编写及运行：

测试Service

package org.lvgang.service;

import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

/**
* 测试类
* @author Administrator
*
*/
//SpringBoot1.4版本之前用的是SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
//SpringBoot1.4版本之前用的是@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = Application.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class HelloServiceTest {

@Autowired
private HelloService helloService;

/**
* 测试HelloService类的getName方法
*/
@Test
public void testGetName() {
Assert.assertEquals("hello", helloService.getName());
}
}

在上面类中右击==》Run As ==》1Junit Test ，执行测试类，结果如下：



测试Controller(两个方法)

方法一：

package org.lvgang.controller;

import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalTo;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.AutoConfigureMockMvc;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;

/**
* 测试类
* @author Administrator
*
*/
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
public class HelloControllerTest {

@Autowired
private MockMvc mvc;

@Test
public void testHello() throws Exception {
String uri = "/hello";
MvcResult mvcResult = mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get(uri).accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
.andReturn();
int status = mvcResult.getResponse().getStatus();
String content = mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString();
System.out.println("content："+content);
System.out.println("status："+status);
assertEquals("错误，正确的返回值为200", status, 200);
assertThat(content, equalTo("\"Hello world test!\""));

}
}

在上面类中右击==》Run As ==》1Junit Test ，执行测试类，结果如下：



方法二：

package org.lvgang.controller;

import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalTo;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;

import java.net.URL;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.LocalServerPort;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplate;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

/**
* 测试类
*
* @author Administrator
*
*/
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class HelloControllerTest2 {
@LocalServerPort
private int port;

private URL base;

@Autowired
private TestRestTemplate template;

@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
this.base = new URL("http://localhost:" + port + "/hello");
}

@Test
public void testHello() throws Exception {
System.out.println("base.toString():"+base.toString());
ResponseEntity<String> response = template.getForEntity(base.toString(), String.class);
int status = response.getStatusCodeValue();
String content = response.getBody();
assertEquals("错误，正确的返回值为200", status, 200);
assertThat(content, equalTo("Hello world test!"));
}
}

在上面类中右击==》Run As ==》1Junit Test ，执行测试类，结果如下：