您的位置：首页 > 编程语言 > Java开发

Spring MVC实现mysql数据库增删改查完整实例

2017-06-27 00:00 736 查看

最近刚学了springmvc框架，感觉确实方便了不少，减少了大量的冗余代码。就自己做了个小项目练练手，这是个初级的springmvc应用的项目，没有用到mybatis，项目功能还算完善，实现了基本的增删改查的功能。

项目环境：

-系统：win10

-开发环境：eclipseOxygenReleaseCandidate3（4.7）

-jdk版本：java1.8(121)

-mysql：5.7

-spring:4.0

-tomcat:8.5

用到的技术：

springmvcspringjspjdbcjavaBeanjsjstl

访问地址：http://localhost:8080/你的项目名/all

声明：我只是一个刚入门不久的新手，所写代码难免有出错之处，如发现欢迎各位指出，谢谢大家。

下面就贴上详细过程

1.首先创建一个web项目(DynamicWebProject)

项目名字就自己写了，不再详细写

2. 这是我的已完成项目结构

我只是为了实现功能，没有用到接口，只用了简单的三个类，bean包下的实体类，dao层数据库访问类，controller层的界面控制类，

所有引用的jar包都在/WebContent/WEB-INF/lib文件夹下，这点与普通的java项目不同。

3. 具体java代码

1.Student类，实体类首先要写一个javaBean，我的是Student作为javaBean，详细代码如下：

package bean;
public class Student {
private Integer id;//学生id
private String name;//学生姓名
private Double javaScore;//java成绩
private Double htmlScore;//html成绩
private Double cssScore;//css成绩
private Double totalScore;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Double getJavaScore() {
return javaScore;
}
public void setJavaScore(Double javaScore) {
this.javaScore = javaScore;
}
public Double getHtmlScore() {
return htmlScore;
}
public void setHtmlScore(Double htmlScore) {
this.htmlScore = htmlScore;
}
public Double getCssScore() {
return cssScore;
}
public void setCssScore(Double cssScore) {
this.cssScore = cssScore;
}
public Double getTotalScore() {
return totalScore;
}
public void setTotalScore(Double totalScore) {
this.totalScore = totalScore;
}
}

2. StudentDao,数据库访问操作类然后是dao层即数据访问层的代码，这里使用的是spring封装的一个类(JdbcTemplate)，里面有一些操作数据库的方法，不用再自己写大量重复代码，只要写SQL语句。下面是具体代码：

package dao;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Types;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import bean.Student;
public class StudentDao {
/**
* @Fields jdbcTemplate : TODO
*/
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
/**
* spring提供的类
*
* @param jdbcTemplate
*      返回值类型： void
* @author janinus
*/
public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
}
/**
* 查询所有学生
*
* @return 返回值类型： List<Student>
* @author janinus
*/
public List<Student> queryAll() {
String sql = "select id,name,javaScore,htmlScore,cssScore from student";
//将查询结果映射到Student类中，添加到list中，并返回
return jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new StudentMapper());
}
/**
* 通过姓名查询
*
* @param name
* @return 返回值类型： List<Student>
* @author janinus
*/
public List<Student> queryByName(String name) {
String sql = "select id,name,javaScore,htmlScore,cssScore from student where name like '%" + name + "%'";
return jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new StudentMapper());
}
/**
* 添加学生
*
* @param student
* @return 返回值类型： boolean
* @author janinus
*/
public boolean addStu(Student student) {
String sql = "insert into student(id,name,javaScore,htmlScore,cssScore) values(0,?,?,?,?)";
return jdbcTemplate.update(sql,
new Object[] { student.getName(), student.getJavaScore(), student.getHtmlScore(),
student.getCssScore() },
new int[] { Types.VARCHAR, Types.DOUBLE, Types.DOUBLE, Types.DOUBLE }) == 1;
}
/**
* 删除学生
*
* @param id
* @return 返回值类型： boolean
* @author janinus
*/
public boolean deleteStu(Integer id) {
String sql = "delete from student where id = ?";
return jdbcTemplate.update(sql, id) == 1;
}
/**
* 更新学生信息
*
* @param student
* @return 返回值类型： boolean
* @author janinus
*/
public boolean updateStu(Student student) {
String sql = "update student set name=? ,javaScore=?,htmlScore = ? ,cssScore = ? where id = ?";
Object stuObj[] = new Object[] { student.getName(), student.getJavaScore(), student.getHtmlScore(),
student.getCssScore(), student.getId() };
return jdbcTemplate.update(sql, stuObj) == 1;
}
/**
* 返回总成绩前n名学生
*
* @param num
* @return 返回值类型： List<Student>
* @author janinus
*/
public List<Student> topNum(int num) {
String sql = "select id,name,javaScore+htmlScore+cssScore from student order by javaScore+htmlScore+cssScore desc ,name asc limit ?";
return jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new RowMapper<Student>() {
@Override
public Student mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Student student = new Student();
student.setId(rs.getInt(1));
student.setName(rs.getString(2));
student.setTotalScore(rs.getDouble(3));
return student;
}
}, num);
}
/**
*
* StudentMapper数据库映射
*
* @ClassName StudentMapper
* @author janinus
* @date 2017年6月27日
* @Version V1.0
*/
class StudentMapper implements RowMapper<Student> {
@Override
public Student mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Student student = new Student();
student.setId(rs.getInt(1));
student.setName(rs.getString(2));
student.setJavaScore(rs.getDouble(3));
student.setHtmlScore(rs.getDouble(4));
student.setCssScore(rs.getDouble(5));
return student;
}
}
}

3. StudentController ，前后端交互类最后是与用户交互有关的控制层StudentController类，这个类主要用来将前后端联合，实现完整的交互。下面是具体代码：

package controller;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import bean.Student;
import dao.StudentDao;
@Controller
public class StudentController {
/**
*
* 从数据库中获取全部学生信息，将数据返回给主页index,jsp
*
* @param model
* @return 返回值类型： String
* @author janinus
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/all")
public String queryAll(Model model) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
//从ioc容器中获取dao
StudentDao dao = (StudentDao) context.getBean("dao");
model.addAttribute("students", dao.queryAll());
model.addAttribute("tops", dao.topNum(3));
return "index.jsp";
}
/**
* 通过姓名查找学生，使用模糊查找，将结果返回给index.jsp
*
* @param name
* @param model
* @return 返回值类型： String
* @author janinus
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/queryByName")
public String queryByName(String name, Model model) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
//从ioc容器中获取dao
StudentDao dao = (StudentDao) context.getBean("dao");
model.addAttribute("students", dao.queryByName(name));
model.addAttribute("tops", dao.topNum(3));
return "index.jsp";
}
/**
* 添加新学生，并将结果返回给all页面，由all转发到主页
* @param name
* @param javaScore
* @param htmlScore
* @param cssScore
* @param model
* @return 返回值类型： String
* @author janinus
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/add")
public String addStu(String name, String javaScore, String htmlScore, String cssScore, Model model) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
StudentDao dao = (StudentDao) context.getBean("dao");
Student student = new Student();
student.setName(name);
student.setJavaScore(Double.parseDouble(javaScore));
student.setHtmlScore(Double.parseDouble(htmlScore));
student.setCssScore(Double.parseDouble(cssScore));
boolean result = dao.addStu(student);
if (result)
model.addAttribute("msg", "<script>alert('添加成功！')</script>");
else
model.addAttribute("msg", "<script>alert('添加成功！')</script>");
return "all";
}
/**
* 通过id删除学生
* @param id
* @param model
* @return 返回值类型： String
* @author janinus
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/deleteById")
public String deleteById(String id, Model model) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
StudentDao dao = (StudentDao) context.getBean("dao");
boolean result = dao.deleteStu(Integer.parseInt(id));
if (result)
model.addAttribute("msg", "<script>alert('删除成功！')</script>");
else
model.addAttribute("msg", "<script>alert('删除成功！')</script>");
return "all";
}
/**
*
* @param id
* @param name
* @param javaScore
* @param htmlScore
* @param cssScore
* @param model
* @return 返回值类型： String
* @author janinus
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/update")
public String updateStu(String id, String name, String javaScore, String htmlScore, String cssScore, Model model) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
StudentDao dao = (StudentDao) context.getBean("dao");
Student student = new Student();
student.setId(Integer.parseInt(id));
student.setName(name);
student.setJavaScore(Double.parseDouble(javaScore));
student.setHtmlScore(Double.parseDouble(htmlScore));
student.setCssScore(Double.parseDouble(cssScore));
boolean result = dao.updateStu(student);
if (result)
model.addAttribute("msg", msg("修改成功"));
else
model.addAttribute("msg", msg("修改失败"));
return "all";
}
/**
* 要弹出的页面消息
* @param msg
* @return 返回值类型： String
* @author janinus
*/
public String msg(String msg) {
return "<script>alert('" + msg + "')</script>";
}
}

所有的java代码已经完成，下面只剩下具体的xml配置和前端页面。

4.前端页面

由于是一个简单的小项目，我的js，css都在同一个页面，没有分开，只有两个页面，

1.index.jsp

主页，截图

编辑

详细代码：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="fn"
uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c"
uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>学生管理</title>
</head>
<style type="text/css">
body{
text-align: center;
}
.all{
width:40%;
margin: 20px 100px;
text-align: center;
height: 300px;
float: left;
}
table{
width: 80%;
margin: 20px auto;
font-size: 14px;
overflow: auto;
}
#tab02{
width: 80%;
margin: 20px auto;
font-size: 14px;
}
table th,table td{
border-bottom: 1px #000 solid;
line-height: 23px;
}
#edit_comm{
width: 500px;
margin: 20px auto;
border-left: 3px solid #000;
display: none;
}
#add_comm{
width: 500px;
margin: 20px auto;
border-left: 3px solid #000;
}
#all_comm{
height:600px;
}
.edit_stu{
width:200px;
height: 30px;
background: #fff;
font-family: "微软雅黑 Light", "Arial Black";
font-size: 18px;
border: none;
border-bottom: 1px solid #000;
margin: 20px 10px;
}
</style>
<script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
$("#cancel").click(function(){
$("#add_comm").fadeIn();
$("#edit_comm").fadeOut();
})
$("input").addClass("edit_stu");
})
function refush(){
window.location.href="all" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" ;
}
function add_reg(){
var name = $("#add_edit_name").val();
var javaScore = $("#add_edit_java").val();
var htmlScore = $("#add_edit_html").val();
var cssScore=$("#add_edit_css").val();
var nameNot = name!=null&&name!='';
var javaScoreNot = javaScore!=null && javaScore != '';
var htmlScoreNot = htmlScore!=null && htmlScore !='';
var cssScoreNot = cssScore !=null && cssScore != '';
if(nameNot&&javaScoreNot&&htmlScoreNot&&cssScoreNot)
return true;
else
return false;
}
function delete_stu(id){
var result = confirm("是否删除？");
if(result)
window.location.href="deleteById?id=" rel="external nofollow" +id;
}
function edit_stu(id){
var name = $("#name"+id).text();
var java = $("#java"+id).text();
var html = $("#html"+id).text();
var css = $("#css"+id).text();
$("#edit_id").val( id);
$("#edit_name").val(name);
$("#edit_java").val(java);
$("#edit_html").val(html);
$("#edit_css").val(css);
$("#add_comm").fadeOut();
$("#edit_comm").fadeIn();
}
</script>
<body>
${msg }
<h1 align="center">学生管理</h1>
<div id="all_comm" class="all" >
<h2>所有学生</h2>
<table id="items" >
<tr>
<td>id</td>
<td>名称</td>
<td>java分数</td>
<td>html分数</td>
<td>css分数</td>
<td>操作</td>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${students }" var="student" >
<tr>
<td id="id${student.id }">${student.id }</td>
<td id="name${student.id }">${student.name }</td>
<td id="java${student.id}">${student.javaScore }</td>
<td id="html${student.id }">${student.htmlScore }</td>
<td id="css${student.id}">${student.cssScore }</td>
<td ><a onclick="delete_stu(${student.id})">删除</a>|<a onclick="edit_stu(${student.id})">编辑</a></td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
<table id="tab02">
<h2>前三名</h2>
<tr>
<td>排名</td>
<td>id</td>
<td>姓名</td>
<td>总分数</td>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${tops }" var="student" varStatus="i">
<tr>
<td>第${i.index+1 }名</td>
<td id="id${student.id }t">${student.id }</td>
<td>${student.name }</td>
<td id="name${student.id }t">${student.totalScore }</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
如不显示请：<a onclick="refush()" >点此刷新</a>
</div>
<div id="add_comm" class="all">
<h2>查找学生</h2>
<form action="queryByName" method="post" >
<input type="text" placeholder="学生姓名" name="name" >
<input type="submit" value="查找学生" >
</form>
<h2 id="edit_title">添加学生</h2>
<form action="add" method="post" >
<input type="text" placeholder="学生姓名" name="name" />
<input type="text" placeholder="java成绩" name="javaScore" />
<input type="text" placeholder="html成绩" name="htmlScore" />
<input type="text" placeholder="css成绩" name="cssScore" />
<input type="submit" value="确定添加" />
</form>
</div>
<div id="edit_comm" class="all">
<h2 id="edit_title">编辑学生</h2>
<form action="update" method="post">
<input type="text" placeholder="要修改的id为" id="edit_id" name="id" value="要修改的id为" readonly="readonly"/><br>
<input type="text" placeholder="学生姓名" id="edit_name" name="name" />
<input type="text" placeholder="java成绩" id="edit_java" name="javaScore" >
<input type="text" placeholder="html成绩" id="edit_html" name="htmlScore" />
<input type="text" placeholder="css成绩" id="edit_css" name="cssScore" />
<input type="submit" value="确定修改" />
<input type="button" value="取消修改" id="cancel" class="edit_stu"/>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

2. login.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1 align="center"><a href="all" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >进入主页</a></h1>
</body>
</html>

5. 详细文件配置

1. applicationContext.xml

这是spring的ioc容器的配置文件，用来实现依赖注入，下面是具体代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"
default-autowire="byName" default-lazy-init="true" >
<!--数据库数据源配置-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<!--加载驱动类-->
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
<!--数据库访问地址-->
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"></property>
<!--数据库访问用户名-->
<property name="username" value="root"></property>
<!--数据库访问密码-->
<property name="password" value="123123"></property>
</bean>
<!-- spring 提供的数据库事务管理 -->
<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/>
<!-- 配置javaBean实体类 -->
<bean id="studentBean" class="bean.Student">
<!--属性自动配置 -->
</bean>
<!--spring提供的数据库访问操作类 -->
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"></bean>
<!-- dao层类 -->
<bean id="dao" class="dao.StudentDao"></bean>
<!-- 控制层类 ，这个配置无效-->
<bean id="controller" class="controller.StudentController">
<property name="dao" ref="dao"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

2. springMVC-servlet.xml,spring mvc配置类，

为我们实现了servlet的大部分代码，我们只需要写业务实现即可。下面是具体代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 自动扫描指定包下的类 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="controller" />
</beans>

3. web.xml

这是web工程的配置文件，下面是主要代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<!--配置字符编码过滤器 ，由spring提供 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<!-- 配置欢迎界面 -->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>/all</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- 配置springmvc servlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

6.项目总结及附录

这个项目是个我的日常练习项目，为了更加熟练，我把完整的过程又回顾了一遍，又熟悉了很多，

项目用的jar包附录：

除了spring的包外，还有mysql-jbdc的jar包和jstl的jar包

下载地址:

spring框架jar包(可选版本）：spring官网

mysql-jdbc.jar（可选版本）：MySQL官网

jstl.jar(可选版本）:maven官方地址

以上就是本文关于Spring MVC实现mysql数据库增删改查完整实例的全部内容，希望对大家有所帮助。感兴趣的朋友可以继续参阅本站：

Spring之WEB模块配置详解

springmvc Rest风格介绍及实现代码示例

SpringMVC拦截器实现单点登录