springmvc+spring-data-jpa+hibernate环境搭建与配置

1、JPA诞生的缘由是为了整合第三方ORM框架，建立一种标准的方式，百度百科说是JDK为了实现ORM的天下归一，目前也是在按照这个方向发展，但是还没能完全实现。在ORM框架中，Hibernate是一支很大的部队，使用很广泛，也很方便，能力也很强，同时Hibernate也是和JPA整合的比较良好，我们可以认为JPA是标准，事实上也是，JPA几乎都是接口，实现都是Hibernate在做，宏观上面看，在JPA的统一之下Hibernate很良好的运行。

2、使用springmvc+spring-data-jpa+hibernate的目的是springmvc方便容器的管理和使用，spring-data-jpa主要是通过接口的方式来实现对象映射，jpa里面也自己带了常用的方法，不用直接写sql。目的是方便开发和减少程序员对数据库的直接处理。hibernate的使用主要是和jpa配合使用起到快速开发的效果。

3、环境搭建导包pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.troy</groupId>
<artifactId>springjpa</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.37</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-commons</artifactId>
<version>1.13.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
<version>1.11.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>4.3.9.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>4.3.9.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.1-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
<artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<classifier>jdk15</classifier>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot</artifactId>
<version>1.5.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.8.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.8.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.8.5</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>

4、web.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5">
<display-name>springjpa</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>

5、springmv容器xml的配置（spring-mvc.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.3.xsd">

<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.troy"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/page/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
<import resource="spring-jpa.xml"/>
</bean>
</beans>

6、spring-conf.properties配置文件配置

driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/m_model?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
username=root
password=root

7、spring-jpa.xml的相关配置、配置相对简单、可以根据需求或者业务来添加配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.3.xsd">

<!-- 读取配置文件 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="locations">
<array>
<value>classpath:conf/spring-config.properties</value>
</array>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 连接数据库 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${password}"/>
</bean>

<!-- 设置JPA实现厂商的特定属性 -->
<bean id="hibernateJpaVendorAdapter" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
<property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置entityManagerFactory -->
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter" ref="hibernateJpaVendorAdapter"/>
<property name="packagesToScan" value="com.troy.jpa.entity"/>
<property name="jpaProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy">org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop><!-- validate/update/create -->
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 事物控制 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
</bean>
<!-- Spring Data Jpa配置 -->
<jpa:repositories base-package="com.troy.jpa.repository"
entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"
transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager"/>
<!-- 开启事物注解 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>

8、目录结构



9、具体的实现和应用方式
1）entity

@Entity
public class User implements Serializable{

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Id
@Column(name="ID")
private String id;

@Column(name="NAME")
private String name;

@Column(name="AGE")
private String age;

public User() {

}

public User(String id, String name, String age) {
super();
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}

public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(String age) {
this.age = age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";
}

}

@Entity
@Table(name = "ROLE")
public class Role implements Serializable{

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

@Id
@Column(name = "id")
private Long id;
@Column(name = "ROLE_NAME")
private String roleName;

@ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
@JoinColumn(name = "USER_ID")
private User user;

public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getRoleName() {
return roleName;
}
public void setRoleName(String roleName) {
this.roleName = roleName;
}

public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Role [id=" + id + ", roleName=" + roleName + "]";
}

}

2）repositroy层(这里直接写的接口。实现JpaRepository来应用自带的方法，这里也可以自己hql实现具体的业务)

1、基础repository

@NoRepositoryBean
public interface BaseRepository<T,I extends Serializable> extends PagingAndSortingRepository<T, I>,JpaSpecificationExecutor<T>{

}

public interface UserRepository extends BaseRepository<User, Long>{

}

3）service层(这里我没有写接口，实际开发要写接口)

@Service(value="userService")
@Transactional
public class UserService {

@Resource(name="userRepositroy")
private UserRepositroy userRepositroy;

public void add(User user){
userRepositroy.save(user);
}

public void update(User user){
userRepositroy.save(user);
}

public List<User> findAll(){
return userRepositroy.findAll();
}
}

4）controller层

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

@Resource(name="userService")
private UserService userService;

@RequestMapping("/add")
public void  add(){
User user = new User("1","ll","25");
userService.add(user);
System.out.println("success");
}

@RequestMapping("/update")
public void  update(){
User user = new User("1","ld","24");
userService.update(user);
System.out.println("success");
}

@RequestMapping("/queryUser")
public void  queryUser(){
List<User> list = userService.findAll();
System.out.println(list);
}
}