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分布式架构学习之:Redis的linux安装与使用(单节点)

2017-05-19 14:53 681 查看
Redis 的安装与使用(单节点) 
IP:192.168.4.111

环境:CentOS 6.6

Redis 版本:redis-3.0 (考虑到 Redis3.0 在集群和性能提升方面的特性,rc 版为正式版的候选版,而且很快就出正式版)

安装目录:/usr/local/redis

用户:root

编译和安装所需的包

# yum install gcc tcl

下载 3.0 版 Redis(当前最新版 redis-3.0.0-rc5.tar.gz,请学员们在安装时自行选用最新版)

# cd /usr/local/src
# wget https://github.com/antirez/redis/archive/3.0.0-rc5.tar.gz 创建安装目录:

# mkdir /usr/local/redis

解压:

# tar -zxvf 3.0.0-rc5.tar.gz
# mv redis-3.0.0-rc5 redis3.0
# cd redis3.0
安装(使用 PREFIX 指定安装目录):

# make PREFIX=/usr/local/redis install

安装完成后,可以看到/usr/local/redis 目录下有一个 bin 目录,bin 目录里就是 redis 的命令脚本:redis-benchmark
redis-check-aof redis-check-dump redis-cli redis-server

将 Redis 配置成服务:按上面的操作步骤,Redis 的启动脚本为:/usr/local/src/redis3.0/utils/redis_init_script

将启动脚本复制到/etc/rc.d/init.d/目录下,并命名为redis:

# cp /usr/local/src/redis3.0/utils/redis_init_script /etc/rc.d/init.d/redis

编辑/etc/rc.d/init.d/redis,修改相应配置,使之能注册成为服务:

# vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/redis 
#!/bin/sh

# Simple Redis init.d script conceived to work on Linux systems
# as it does use of the /proc filesystem.
REDISPORT=6379

EXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-server

CLIEXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-cli

PIDFILE=/var/run/redis_${REDISPORT}.pid

CONF="/etc/redis/${REDISPORT}.conf"

case "$1" in start)

if [ -f $PIDFILE ] then

echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed"

else

echo "Starting Redis server..." $EXEC $CONF

fi

;;

stop)

if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ] then

echo "$PIDFILE does not exist, process is not running"

else

PID=$(cat $PIDFILE) echo "Stopping ..."

$CLIEXEC -p $REDISPORT shutdown while [ -x /proc/${PID} ]

do

echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown ..." sleep 1

done

echo "Redis stopped"

fi

;;

*)

echo "Please use start or stop as first argument"

;;

esac

查看以上 redis 服务脚本,关注标为橙色的几个属性,做如下几个修改的准备:

(1) 在脚本的第一行后面添加一行内容如下:
#chkconfig: 2345 80 90
(如果不添加上面的内容,在注册服务时会提示:service redis does not support chkconfig)
(2) REDISPORT端口保持 6379 不变;(注意,端口名将与下面的配置文件名有关)
(3) EXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-server 改为 EXEC=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server
(4) CLIEXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-cli 改为 CLIEXEC=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli
(5) 配置文件设置:
创建 redis 配置文件目录

# mkdir /usr/local/redis/conf

复制 redis 配置文件/usr/local/src/redis3.0/redis.conf 到/usr/local/redis/conf 目录并按端口号重命名为6379.conf

# cp /usr/local/src/redis3.0/redis.conf /usr/local/redis/conf/6379.conf

做了以上准备后,再对 CONF 属性作如下调整:

CONF="/etc/redis/${REDISPORT}.conf" 改为 CONF="/usr/local/redis/conf/${REDISPORT}.conf"

(6) 更改 redis 开启的命令,以后台运行的方式执行: $EXEC $CONF& #“&”作用是将服务转到后面运行

修改后的/etc/rc.d/init.d/redis 服务脚本内容为:

#!/bin/sh

#chkconfig: 2345 80 90

#

# Simple Redis init.d script conceived to work on Linux systems
# as it does use of the /proc filesystem.
REDISPORT=6379

EXEC=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server

CLIEXEC=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli

PIDFILE=/var/run/redis_${REDISPORT}.pid

CONF="/usr/local/redis/conf/${REDISPORT}.conf"

case "$1" in start)

if [ -f $PIDFILE ] then

echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed"

else

echo "Starting Redis server..." $EXEC $CONF&

fi

;;

stop)

if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ] then

echo "$PIDFILE does not exist, process is not running"

else

PID=$(cat $PIDFILE) echo "Stopping ..."

$CLIEXEC -p $REDISPORT shutdown while [ -x /proc/${PID} ]

do

echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown ..."

sleep 1

done

echo "Redis stopped"

fi

;;

*)

echo "Please use start or stop as first argument"

;;

esac

以上配置操作完成后,便可将 Redis 注册成为服务:

# chkconfig --add redis

防火墙中打开对应的端口

# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables

添加:

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 6379 -j ACCEPT

重启防火墙:

# service iptables restart

修改 redis 配置文件设置:

# vi /usr/local/redis/conf/6379.conf

修改如下配置

daemonize no 改为>daemonize yes

pidfile /var/run/redis.pid 改为>pidfile /var/run/redis_6379.pid

启动 Redis 服务

# service redis start

将 Redis 添加到环境变量中:

# vi /etc/profile

在最后添加以下内容:

## Redis env

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/redis/bin

使配置生效:

# source /etc/profile

现在就可以直接使用redis-cli 等redis 命令了:

关闭 Redis 服务

# service redis stop

默认情况下,Redis 开启安全认证,可以通过/usr/local/redis/conf/6379.conf 的requirepass 指定一个验证密码。

 


java代码测试

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public class RedisTest {  

    private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(RedisTest.class);  

  

    public static void main(String[] args) {  

          

        Jedis jedis = new Jedis("192.168.4.111");  

          

        String key = "wusc";  

        String value = "";  

          

        jedis.del(key); // 删数据  

          

        jedis.set(key, "WuShuicheng"); // 存数据  

        value = jedis.get(key); // 取数据  

        log.info(key + "=" + value);  

          

        jedis.set(key, "WuShuicheng2"); // 存数据  

        value = jedis.get(key); // 取数据  

        log.info(key + "=" + value);  

          

        //jedis.del(key); // 删数据  

        //value = jedis.get(key); // 取数据  

        //log.info(key + "=" + value);  

    }  

}  


spring整合



spring-redis.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  

    xsi:schemaLocation="  

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">  

  

    <!-- Jedis链接池配置 -->  

      

    <bean id="jedisPoolConfig" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig">  

        <property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" />  

        <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="60000" />  

        <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="30000" />  

        <property name="numTestsPerEvictionRun" value="-1" />  

        <property name="maxTotal" value="8" />  

        <property name="maxIdle" value="8" />  

        <property name="minIdle" value="0" />  

    </bean>  

  

    <bean id="shardedJedisPool" class="redis.clients.jedis.ShardedJedisPool">  

        <constructor-arg index="0" ref="jedisPoolConfig" />  

        <constructor-arg index="1">  

            <list>  

                <bean class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisShardInfo">  

                    <constructor-arg index="0" value="192.168.4.111" />  

                    <constructor-arg index="1" value="6379" type="int" />  

                </bean>  

            </list>  

        </constructor-arg>  

    </bean>  

</beans>  

测试代码

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public class RedisSpringTest {  

    private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(RedisSpringTest.class);  

  

    public static void main(String[] args) {  

        try {  

            ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:spring/spring-context.xml");  

            context.start();  

              

            ShardedJedisPool pool = (ShardedJedisPool) context.getBean("shardedJedisPool");  

            ShardedJedis jedis = pool.getResource();  

              

            String key = "wusc";  

            String value = "";  

              

            jedis.del(key); // 删数据  

              

            jedis.set(key, "WuShuicheng"); // 存数据  

            value = jedis.get(key); // 取数据  

            log.info(key + "=" + value);  

              

            jedis.set(key, "WuShuicheng2"); // 存数据  

            value = jedis.get(key); // 取数据  

            log.info(key + "=" + value);  

              

            jedis.del(key); // 删数据  

            value = jedis.get(key); // 取数据  

            log.info(key + "=" + value);  

  

            context.stop();  

        } catch (Exception e) {  

            log.error("==>RedisSpringTest context start error:", e);  

            System.exit(0);  

        } finally {  

            log.info("===>System.exit");  

            System.exit(0);  

        }  

    }  

}  
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