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Java网络编程-IO多路复用(多线程)

2017-04-28 11:06 501 查看


1. 简述

IO复用网路模型中的角色Handler,将以状态模式(State Pattern)实现,

并且将Handler接收完网络消息后的业务逻辑处理交由工作线程实现,所有的工作线程以线程池来维护。


2. 网络模型




3. 代码实现

[TCPReactor.Java]

[java] view
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// Reactor線程

package server;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.net.InetSocketAddress;

import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;

import java.nio.channels.Selector;

import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;

import java.util.Iterator;

import java.util.Set;

public class TCPReactor implements Runnable {

private final ServerSocketChannel ssc;

private final Selector selector;

public TCPReactor(int port) throws IOException {

selector = Selector.open();

ssc = ServerSocketChannel.open();

InetSocketAddress addr = new InetSocketAddress(port);

ssc.socket().bind(addr); // 在ServerSocketChannel綁定監聽端口

ssc.configureBlocking(false); // 設置ServerSocketChannel為非阻塞

SelectionKey sk = ssc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT); // ServerSocketChannel向selector註冊一個OP_ACCEPT事件,然後返回該通道的key

sk.attach(new Acceptor(selector, ssc)); // 給定key一個附加的Acceptor對象

}

@Override

public void run() {

while (!Thread.interrupted()) { // 在線程被中斷前持續運行

System.out.println("Waiting for new event on port: " + ssc.socket().getLocalPort() + "...");

try {

if (selector.select() == 0) // 若沒有事件就緒則不往下執行

continue;

} catch (IOException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

Set<SelectionKey> selectedKeys = selector.selectedKeys(); // 取得所有已就緒事件的key集合

Iterator<SelectionKey> it = selectedKeys.iterator();

while (it.hasNext()) {

dispatch((SelectionKey) (it.next())); // 根據事件的key進行調度

it.remove();

}

}

}

/*

* name: dispatch(SelectionKey key)

* description: 調度方法,根據事件綁定的對象開新線程

*/

private void dispatch(SelectionKey key) {

Runnable r = (Runnable) (key.attachment()); // 根據事件之key綁定的對象開新線程

if (r != null)

r.run();

}

}

[Acceptor.java]

[java] view
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// 接受連線請求線程

package server;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;

import java.nio.channels.Selector;

import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;

import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;

public class Acceptor implements Runnable {

private final ServerSocketChannel ssc;

private final Selector selector;

public Acceptor(Selector selector, ServerSocketChannel ssc) {

this.ssc=ssc;

this.selector=selector;

}

@Override

public void run() {

try {

SocketChannel sc= ssc.accept(); // 接受client連線請求

System.out.println(sc.socket().getRemoteSocketAddress().toString() + " is connected.");

if(sc!=null) {

sc.configureBlocking(false); // 設置為非阻塞

SelectionKey sk = sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ); // SocketChannel向selector註冊一個OP_READ事件,然後返回該通道的key

selector.wakeup(); // 使一個阻塞住的selector操作立即返回

sk.attach(new TCPHandler(sk, sc)); // 給定key一個附加的TCPHandler對象

}

} catch (IOException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

[TCPHandler.java]

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// Handler線程

package server;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;

import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;

import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;

import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class TCPHandler implements Runnable {

private final SelectionKey sk;

private final SocketChannel sc;

private static final int THREAD_COUNTING = 10;

private static ThreadPoolExecutor pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(

THREAD_COUNTING, THREAD_COUNTING, 10, TimeUnit.SECONDS,

new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>()); // 線程池

HandlerState state; // 以狀態模式實現Handler

public TCPHandler(SelectionKey sk, SocketChannel sc) {

this.sk = sk;

this.sc = sc;

state = new ReadState(); // 初始狀態設定為READING

pool.setMaximumPoolSize(32); // 設置線程池最大線程數

}

@Override

public void run() {

try {

state.handle(this, sk, sc, pool);

} catch (IOException e) {

System.out.println("[Warning!] A client has been closed.");

closeChannel();

}

}

public void closeChannel() {

try {

sk.cancel();

sc.close();

} catch (IOException e1) {

e1.printStackTrace();

}

}

public void setState(HandlerState state) {

this.state = state;

}

}

Handler要以状态模式实现还需要定义状态接口(interface)和状态实现类(ConcreteState
Class)

[HandlerState.java]

[java] view
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package server;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;

import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;

import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;

public interface HandlerState {

public void changeState(TCPHandler h);

public void handle(TCPHandler h, SelectionKey sk, SocketChannel sc,

ThreadPoolExecutor pool) throws IOException ;

}

[ReadState.java]

[java] view
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package server;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.nio.ByteBuffer;

import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;

import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;

import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;

public class ReadState implements HandlerState{

private SelectionKey sk;

public ReadState() {

}

@Override

public void changeState(TCPHandler h) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

h.setState(new WorkState());

}

@Override

public void handle(TCPHandler h, SelectionKey sk, SocketChannel sc,

ThreadPoolExecutor pool) throws IOException { // read()

this.sk = sk;

// non-blocking下不可用Readers,因為Readers不支援non-blocking

byte[] arr = new byte[1024];

ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.wrap(arr);

int numBytes = sc.read(buf); // 讀取字符串

if(numBytes == -1)

{

System.out.println("[Warning!] A client has been closed.");

h.closeChannel();

return;

}

String str = new String(arr); // 將讀取到的byte內容轉為字符串型態

if ((str != null) && !str.equals(" ")) {

h.setState(new WorkState()); // 改變狀態(READING->WORKING)

pool.execute(new WorkerThread(h, str)); // do process in worker thread

System.out.println(sc.socket().getRemoteSocketAddress().toString()

+ " > " + str);

}

}

/*

* 執行邏輯處理之函數

*/

synchronized void process(TCPHandler h, String str) {

// do process(decode, logically process, encode)..

// ..

h.setState(new WriteState()); // 改變狀態(WORKING->SENDING)

this.sk.interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_WRITE); // 通過key改變通道註冊的事件

this.sk.selector().wakeup(); // 使一個阻塞住的selector操作立即返回

}

/*

* 工作者線程

*/

class WorkerThread implements Runnable {

TCPHandler h;

String str;

public WorkerThread(TCPHandler h, String str) {

this.h = h;

this.str=str;

}

@Override

public void run() {

process(h, str);

}

}

}

[WorkState.java]

[java] view
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package server;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;

import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;

import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;

public class WorkState implements HandlerState {

public WorkState() {

}

@Override

public void changeState(TCPHandler h) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

h.setState(new WriteState());

}

@Override

public void handle(TCPHandler h, SelectionKey sk, SocketChannel sc,

ThreadPoolExecutor pool) throws IOException {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

}

[WriteState.java]

[java] view
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package server;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.nio.ByteBuffer;

import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;

import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;

import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;

public class WriteState implements HandlerState{

public WriteState() {

}

@Override

public void changeState(TCPHandler h) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

h.setState(new ReadState());

}

@Override

public void handle(TCPHandler h, SelectionKey sk, SocketChannel sc,

ThreadPoolExecutor pool) throws IOException { // send()

// get message from message queue

String str = "Your message has sent to "

+ sc.socket().getLocalSocketAddress().toString() + "\r\n";

ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.wrap(str.getBytes()); // wrap自動把buf的position設為0,所以不需要再flip()

while (buf.hasRemaining()) {

sc.write(buf); // 回傳給client回應字符串,發送buf的position位置 到limit位置為止之間的內容

}

h.setState(new ReadState()); // 改變狀態(SENDING->READING)

sk.interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_READ); // 通過key改變通道註冊的事件

sk.selector().wakeup(); // 使一個阻塞住的selector操作立即返回

}

}

最後是主程序

[Main.java]

[java] view
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package server;

import java.io.IOException;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

try {

TCPReactor reactor = new TCPReactor(1333);

reactor.run();

} catch (IOException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}
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