Java解析Excel表格（支持xls和xlsx格式），并转换为Json数据

首先，我们看一下我们程序的结构和运行结果：

1. 项目结构：



2. studen.xls视图：



3. user.xls视图：



4. 解析结果：

（1）students.xlsx 解析结果：

[
{
"name": "Jack",
"age": "12.0",
"hight": "155.6",
"dream": "当一名科学家"
},
{
"name": "mara",
"age": "14.0",
"hight": "162.0",
"dream": "去太空旅行"
}
]

（2）user.xls解析结果：

[
{
"name": "张三",
"age": "12.0",
"sex": "男",
"birth": "33495.0",
"city": "成都",
"money": "17.5"
},
{
"name": "李四",
"age": "13.0",
"sex": "女",
"birth": "1991-06-05 00:00:00",
"city": "北京",
"money": "17.5"
},
{
"name": "王五",
"age": "15.0",
"sex": "男",
"birth": "33492",
"city": "上海",
"money": "17.5"
},
{
"name": "刘六",
"age": "12.0",
"sex": "女",
"birth": "1991-06-05 12:35:00",
"city": "西安",
"money": "23.6"
}
]

接下来，正式揭开代码面纱：

1. 准备jar包（Maven依赖）：

PS：不是Maven工程的请戳这里获取Jar包

<!-- Junit（测试用，非必须） -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<!-- Poi（解析Excle表格用） -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>3.11-beta1</version>
</dependency>

<!-- Json（组装Json用）-->
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
<artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<classifier>jdk15</classifier>
</dependency>

2. 功能类代码：
package com.zyq.excel;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDateUtil;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

public class ExcelTool {

public static final String XLSX = ".xlsx";
public static final String XLS=".xls";

/**
* 获取Excel文件（.xls和.xlsx都支持）
* @param file
* @return 解析excle后的Json数据
* @throws IOException
* @throws FileNotFoundException
* @throws InvalidFormatException
*/
public static JSONArray readExcel(File file) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException, InvalidFormatException{
int res = checkFile(file);
if (res == 0) {
throw new NullPointerException("the file is null.");
}else if (res == 1) {
return readXLSX(file);
}else if (res == 2) {
return readXLS(file);
}
throw new IllegalAccessError("the file["+file.getName()+"] is not excel file.");
}

/**
* 判断File文件的类型
* @param file 传入的文件
* @return 0-文件为空，1-XLSX文件，2-XLS文件，3-其他文件
*/
public static int checkFile(File file){
if (file==null) {
return 0;
}
String flieName = file.getName();
if (flieName.endsWith(XLSX)) {
return 1;
}
if (flieName.endsWith(XLS)) {
return 2;
}
return 3;
}

/**
* 读取XLSX文件
* @param file
* @return
* @throws IOException
* @throws InvalidFormatException
*/
public static JSONArray readXLSX(File file) throws InvalidFormatException, IOException{
Workbook book = new XSSFWorkbook(file);
Sheet sheet = book.getSheetAt(0);
return read(sheet, book);
}

/**
* 读取XLS文件
* @param file
* @return
* @throws IOException
* @throws FileNotFoundException
*/
public static JSONArray readXLS(File file) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException{
POIFSFileSystem poifsFileSystem = new POIFSFileSystem(new FileInputStream(file));
Workbook book = new HSSFWorkbook(poifsFileSystem);
Sheet sheet = book.getSheetAt(0);
return read(sheet, book);
}

/**
* 解析数据
* @param sheet 表格sheet对象
* @param book 用于流关闭
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static JSONArray read(Sheet sheet,Workbook book) throws IOException{
int rowStart = sheet.getFirstRowNum(); // 首行下标
int rowEnd = sheet.getLastRowNum(); // 尾行下标
// 如果首行与尾行相同，表明只有一行，直接返回空数组
if (rowStart == rowEnd) {
book.close();
return new JSONArray();
}
// 获取第一行JSON对象键
Row firstRow = sheet.getRow(rowStart);
int cellStart = firstRow.getFirstCellNum();
int cellEnd = firstRow.getLastCellNum();
Map<Integer, String> keyMap = new HashMap<Integer, String>();
for (int j = cellStart; j < cellEnd; j++) {
keyMap.put(j,getValue(firstRow.getCell(j), rowStart, j, book, true));
}
// 获取每行JSON对象的值
JSONArray array = new JSONArray();
for(int i = rowStart+1; i <= rowEnd ; i++) {
Row eachRow = sheet.getRow(i);
JSONObject obj = new JSONObject();
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
for (int k = cellStart; k < cellEnd; k++) {
if (eachRow != null) {
String val = getValue(eachRow.getCell(k), i, k, book, false);
sb.append(val); // 所有数据添加到里面，用于判断该行是否为空
obj.put(keyMap.get(k),val);
}
}
if (sb.toString().length() > 0) {
array.add(obj);
}
}
book.close();
return array;
}

/**
* 获取每个单元格的数据
* @param cell 单元格对象
* @param rowNum 第几行
* @param index 该行第几个
* @param book 主要用于关闭流
* @param isKey 是否为键：true-是，false-不是。 如果解析Json键，值为空时报错；如果不是Json键，值为空不报错
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String getValue(Cell cell,int rowNum,int index,Workbook book,boolean isKey) throws IOException{

// 空白或空
if (cell == null ||
4000
cell.getCellType()==Cell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK ) {
if (isKey) {
book.close();
throw new NullPointerException(String.format("the key on row %s index %s is null ", ++rowNum,++index));
}else{
return "";
}
}

// 0. 数字 类型
if (cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
if (HSSFDateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {
Date date = cell.getDateCellValue();
DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
return df.format(date);
}
String val = cell.getNumericCellValue()+"";
val = val.toUpperCase();
if (val.contains("E")) {
val = val.split("E")[0].replace(".", "");
}
return val;
}

// 1. String类型
if (cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING) {
String val = cell.getStringCellValue();
if (val == null || val.trim().length()==0) {
if (book != null) {
book.close();
}
return "";
}
return val.trim();
}

// 2. 公式 CELL_TYPE_FORMULA
if (cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA) {
return cell.getStringCellValue();
}

// 4. 布尔值 CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN
if (cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN) {
return cell.getBooleanCellValue()+"";
}

// 5. 错误 CELL_TYPE_ERROR
return "";
}
}


3. 测试代码：

package com.zyq.excel;

import java.io.File;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

public class Test extends TestCase{

public void readTest() throws Exception{
File f1 = new File("user.xlsx");
File f2 = new File("student.xls");
System.out.println(ExcelTool.readExcel(f1));
System.out.println(ExcelTool.readExcel(f2));
}

}

最后，附上Demo完整实例下载链接：详情点击！