Spring Boot 学习之环境搭建

引言：

SpringBoot 、可以快速的搭建 Spring 框架环境，官方推荐使用配置类的方式去配置或自定义配置，所以需要学习的人有一定的Spring框架使用基础，注解使用的基础

搭建：

IDE：IntelliJ IDEA

管理工具：Maven、Git/GitHub  具体使用请参考其他文章

一、pom.xml 文件

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>spring</groupId>
<artifactId>springboot</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

<!-- 默认继承自 Spring Boot 官方的指定版本 -->
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<name>springboot Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Add typical dependencies for a web application. spring-boot-starter-web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- Add test dependencies for this wen application. spring-boot-starter-test -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!-- additional json style message converter. -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.28</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

<!-- Package as an executable jar -->
<build>
<finalName>springboot</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-maven-plugin -->
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>

二、目录结构



三、启动文件：Application  (自定义类名)

package com.springboot.boot;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializerFeature;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.support.config.FastJsonConfig;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter4;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;

import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
* This is where the spring boot start.
* The references of the annotation '@SpringBootApplication' in Spring Official Docs.
* "Many Spring Boot developers always have their main class annotated with @Configuration, @EnableAutoConfiguration and @ComponentScan.
*  Since these annotations are so frequently used together (especially if you follow the best practices above), Spring Boot provides a convenient @SpringBootApplication alternative.
*  The @SpringBootApplication annotation is equivalent to using @Configuration, @EnableAutoConfiguration and @ComponentScan with their default attributes
* Created by Vincent on 2017/3/13.
* @author Vincent
* @version 1.0.0
* Description: Spring Boot Starter
*/
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter{

/**
* this is a method of the WebMvcConfigurerAdapter.class
* we can override the default value/achievements of spring boot
* and customize our own HttpMessageConverters.
* @param converters
*/
@Override
public void configureMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) {
/*
using the StringHttpMessageConverter to handle with simple String message.
*/

StringHttpMessageConverter stringConverter= new StringHttpMessageConverter();
stringConverter.setDefaultCharset(Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
converters.add(stringConverter);
/*
using the FastJsonHttpMessageConverter to handle these below.
1. text/html;charset=UTF-8                              a page(htm/html/jsp etc.)
2. application/json;charset=utf-8                       json data type response
3. text/plain;charset=UTF-8                             a text or string etc.
4. application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8      standard encoding type. convert form data to a key-value.
...
*/
FastJsonHttpMessageConverter4 fastJsonConverter = new FastJsonHttpMessageConverter4();

FastJsonConfig fastJsonConfig = new FastJsonConfig()
c1c6
;
fastJsonConfig.setCharset(Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
fastJsonConfig.setSerializerFeatures(SerializerFeature.PrettyFormat);

fastJsonConverter.setFastJsonConfig(fastJsonConfig);

List<MediaType> supportedMediaTypes = new ArrayList<MediaType>();
MediaType text_plain = new MediaType(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN, Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
MediaType text_html = new MediaType(MediaType.TEXT_HTML, Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
MediaType x_www_form_urlencoded_utf8 = new MediaType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED, Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
supportedMediaTypes.add(text_html);
supportedMediaTypes.add(text_plain);
supportedMediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8);
supportedMediaTypes.add(x_www_form_urlencoded_utf8);

fastJsonConverter.setSupportedMediaTypes(supportedMediaTypes);

converters.add(fastJsonConverter);
super.configureMessageConverters(converters);
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}

四、application.properties    配置文件

server.port=9000
server.servlet-path=/springboot
spring.mvc.servlet.load-on-startup=1

五、HelloWorldController

package com.springboot.boot;

import com.springboot.model.Users;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
* Created by Vincent on 2017/3/13.
* Version 1.0.0
* Description a simple controller demo using spring boot annotations.
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class HelloWorldController {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloWorldController.class);

@RequestMapping("/hello")
public Object hello(){
logger.info("Hello World! Which means you have build the web application with spring boot 'AutoConfiguration' mode successfully.");
/*
step 1 : test the request, the response value should be
"Hello World! Which means you have build the web application with spring boot 'AutoConfiguration' mode successfully"
with quotes
*/
//        return "Hello World! Which means you have build the web application with spring boot 'AutoConfiguration' mode successfully. 你好";
/*
step 2 test fastJson json serialization/formatter
*/
Users user = new Users();
user.setUid(1);
user.setUname("Vincent Wang 汉字测试");
return user;                                        //  response on thte page should be {"uid":1,"uname":"Vincent Wang"}
/*
step 3 test simple String response
1. make the application.class extends the WebMvcConfigurerAdapter
2. override the method 'configureMessageConverters' to reset the 'List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters'.
3. disable step 2, enable step 1, sending a request on the browse or somewhere, see what happened.
*/
}
}

六、Users

package com.springboot.model;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.annotation.JSONField;

/**
* Created by Vincent on 2017/3/14.
*/
public class Users {
public int uid;

/**
* By adding this annotation '@JSONField(serialize = false)', we can figure out whether the configuation of fastJsonMessageConverter is effective or not.
* if it worked, the result we got at the page should not contain the uname field
* before add: { "uid":1, "uname":"Vincent Wang" }, after add: { "uid":1 }
*/
public String uname;

public int getUid() {
return uid;
}

public void setUid(int uid) {
this.uid = uid;
}

public String getUname() {
return uname;
}

public void setUname(String uname) {
this.uname = uname == null ? "" : uname;
}

@Override
public String toString() {
return "Users{" +
"uid=" + uid +
", uname='" + uname + '\'' +
'}';
}
}

七、运行Application.class

.   ____          _            __ _ _
/\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
\\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
'  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
:: Spring Boot ::        (v1.5.2.RELEASE)

2017-03-15 15:09:17.356  INFO 3004 --- [           main] com.springboot.boot.Application          : Starting Application on Vincent-PC with PID 3004 (started by Vincent in E:\Intellij Workspace\springboot)
2017-03-15 15:09:17.359  INFO 3004 --- [           main] com.springboot.boot.Application          : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2017-03-15 15:09:17.498  INFO 3004 --- [           main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@24cd504e: startup date [Wed Mar 15 15:09:17 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
2017-03-15 15:09:18.667  INFO 3004 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 9000 (http)
2017-03-15 15:09:18.675  INFO 3004 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service Tomcat
2017-03-15 15:09:18.676  INFO 3004 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.11
2017-03-15 15:09:18.757  INFO 3004 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2017-03-15 15:09:18.757  INFO 3004 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1264 ms
2017-03-15 15:09:18.873  INFO 3004 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean  : Mapping servlet: 'dispatcherServlet' to [/springboot/*]
2017-03-15 15:09:18.877  INFO 3004 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'characterEncodingFilter' to: [/*]
2017-03-15 15:09:18.877  INFO 3004 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'hiddenHttpMethodFilter' to: [/*]
2017-03-15 15:09:18.877  INFO 3004 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'httpPutFormContentFilter' to: [/*]
2017-03-15 15:09:18.877  INFO 3004 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'requestContextFilter' to: [/*]
init server port:9000
2017-03-15 15:09:19.177  INFO 3004 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@24cd504e: startup date [Wed Mar 15 15:09:17 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
2017-03-15 15:09:19.227  INFO 3004 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/test/hello]}" onto public java.lang.Object com.springboot.boot.HelloWorldController.hello()
2017-03-15 15:09:19.230  INFO 3004 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2017-03-15 15:09:19.230  INFO 3004 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)
2017-03-15 15:09:19.257  INFO 3004 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2017-03-15 15:09:19.257  INFO 3004 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2017-03-15 15:09:19.292  INFO 3004 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2017-03-15 15:09:19.445  INFO 3004 --- [           main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2017-03-15 15:09:19.486  INFO 3004 --- [           main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2017-03-15 15:09:19.486  INFO 3004 --- [           main] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization started
2017-03-15 15:09:19.498  INFO 3004 --- [           main] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization completed in 12 ms
2017-03-15 15:09:19.498  INFO 3004 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 9000 (http)
2017-03-15 15:09:19.501  INFO 3004 --- [           main] com.springboot.boot.Application          : Started Application in 2.504 seconds (JVM running for 2.776)

八、访问   http://localhost:9000/springboot/test/hello 得到如下结果：



未完待续...