编程题（待定）

//饿汉式
public class Singleton {
private static Singleton instance = new Singleton();
private Singleton (){}
public static Singleton getInstance() {
return instance;
}
}
//懒汉式 延迟加载特性
public class Singleton {
private static Singleton instance;
private Singleton (){}
public static synchronized Singleton getInstance() {
if (instance == null) {
instance = new Singleton();
}
return instance;
}
}

public class test {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
cal.add(Calendar.DATE, -1);
System.out.println(cal.getTime());

}
}

* sql:可以是单表的查询语句，也可以是多表的联合查询语句

* firstIndex:其实的索引

* pageSize:每页显示的记录数

*/

select o.* from (sql) o limit firstIndex,pageSize

* firstIndex:起始索引

* pageSize:每页显示的数量

* orderColumn:排序的字段名

* sql:可以是简单的单表查询语句，也可以是复杂的多表联合查询语句

*/

select top pageSize o.* from (select row_number() over(order by orderColumn) as rownumber,* from(sql) as o where rownumber>firstIndex;

* firstIndex:起始索引

* pageSize:每页显示的数量

* sql:可以是简单的单表查询语句，也可以是复杂的多表联合查询语句

*/
select * from(select a.*,ROWNUM rn from(sql) a where ROWNUM<=(firstIndex+pageSize)) where rn>firstIndex

有两个意义上的重复记录，

一是完全重复的记录，也即所有字段均重复的记录，

二是部分关键字段重复的记录，比如Name字段重复，而其他字段不一定重复或都重复可以忽略。

1、对于第一种重复，比较容易解决，使用

select distinct * from tableName
这样就可以得到无重复记录的结果集。

然后通过临时表实现对数据的维护。

select distinct * into #Tmp from tableName
drop table tableName
select * into tableName from #Tmp
drop table #Tmp
#Tmp为什么系统参数，tableName为要操作的表名。

2、第二类重复问题通常要求保留重复记录中的第一条记录，操作方法如下：

　 假设有重复的字段为Name,Address，要求得到这两个字段唯一的结果集

select identity(int,1,1) as autoID, * into #Tmp from tableName
select min(autoID) as autoID into #Tmp2 from #Tmp group by Name,autoID
select * from #Tmp where autoID in(select autoID from #tmp2)
最后一个select即得到了Name，Address不重复的结果集（但多了一个autoID字段，实际写时可以写在select子句中省去此列）。

用SQL语句,删除掉重复项只保留一条
在几千条记录里,存在着些相同的记录,如何能用SQL语句,删除掉重复的呢
1、查找表中多余的重复记录，重复记录是根据单个字段（peopleId）来判断
select * from people
where peopleId in (select peopleId from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId) > 1)

2、删除表中多余的重复记录，重复记录是根据单个字段（peopleId）来判断，只留有rowid最小的记录
delete from people
where   peopleName in (select peopleName    from people group by peopleName      having count(peopleName) > 1)
and   peopleId not in (select min(peopleId) from people group by peopleName     having count(peopleName)>1)

3、查找表中多余的重复记录（多个字段）
select * from vitae a
where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1)

4、删除表中多余的重复记录（多个字段），只留有rowid最小的记录
delete from vitae a
where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1)
and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*)>1)

5、查找表中多余的重复记录（多个字段），不包含rowid最小的记录
select * from vitae a
where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1)
and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*)>1)

6.消除一个字段的左边的第一位：

update tableName set [Title]=Right([Title],(len([Title])-1)) where Title like '村%'

7.消除一个字段的右边的第一位：

update tableName set [Title]=left([Title],(len([Title])-1)) where Title like '%村'

8.假删除表中多余的重复记录（多个字段），不包含rowid最小的记录
update vitae set ispass=-1
where peopleId in (select peopleId from vitae group by peopleId