Hbase Java API使用

一、推荐书目：HBase权威指南

里面示例和说明挺详细的，但实际使用时会有个别过期方法，记得更换。

二、实例和说明

1.配置项

public static Configuration configuration;
static {
configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
//端口号8021
configuration.set("hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort", "8021");
//设置zookeeper主机（单数性能好），主机之间以逗号分隔
configuration.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "192.168.1.100");
//配置hbase的master主机名和端口
configuration.set("hbase.master", "192.168.1.100:600000");
}

2.建表

public void createTable(String tableName, List<String> columnFamilyList) {
try {
//获取连接，连接可以在一批操作前创建并复用，此处为方便演示
Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(config);
//实例化admin--------------------1
//过期用法：HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(config);
Admin admin = connection.getAdmin();
//创建表TableDescriptor----------2
HTableDescriptor tableDescriptor = new HTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
//增加列族-----------------------3
for (String columnFamilyName : columnFamilyList) {
tableDescriptor.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(columnFamilyName));
}
//建表---------------------------4
admin.createTable(tableDescriptor);
} catch (ZooKeeperConnectionException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}

3.添加数据
3.1添加一行

public static void addRecord(String tableName, String rowKey, String family, String qualifier1, String value1,
String qualifier2, String value2, String qualifier3, String value3) throws Exception {
try {
//获取连接
Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(config);
//建立表对象，用于和HBase通信-------1
//过期获取方式：HTable table = new HTable(configuration, tablename);
Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
//创建Put对象-----------------------2
Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
//----------------------------------3
//添加数据数据，add()函数三个参数分别代表：列族、列、值
//put.add()方法已过期，最新使用addColumn()代替
put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(family), Bytes.toBytes(qualifier1), Bytes.toBytes(value1));
put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(family), Bytes.toBytes(qualifier2), Bytes.toBytes(value2));
put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(family), Bytes.toBytes(qualifier3), Bytes.toBytes(value3));
//保存------------------------------4
table.put(put);
//别忘了关闭------------------------5
table.close();
System.out.println("insert recored " + rowKey + " to table " + tableName + " ok.");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

4.删除
4.1删除一行（多行）
 

public static void deleteRow(String tablename, String rowkey) {
try {
//获取连接
Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(config);
//建立表对象，用于和HBase通信-------1
Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
List list = new ArrayList();
Delete d1 = new Delete(rowkey.getBytes());
//删除多行则将多行rowkey加入列表----2
list.add(d1);
//删除------------------------------3
table.delete(list);
//----------------------------------4
table.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

4.2删表

public static void dropTable(String tableName) {
try {
//获取连接，连接可以在一批操作前创建并复用，此处为方便演示
Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(config);
//实例化admin--------------------1
Admin admin = connection.getAdmin();
//关闭表-------------------------2
admin.disableTable(tableName);
//删除表-------------------------3
admin.deleteTable(tableName);
} catch (MasterNotRunningException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ZooKeeperConnectionException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

5.修改数据

//修改表格数据（表中某一行的某一列）
public void updateTable() throws IOException {
//表名
String tbName = "tableName";
//列族
String colFamily = "colFamily";
//列名
String column = "columnName";
//rowKey
String rowKey = "rowKey";
//更新值
String strNewValue = "NewValues";
//获取连接
Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(config);
//建立表对象，用于和HBase通信-------1
Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
//----------------------------------2
Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
//插入操作（列族，列，新值）--------3
put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(colFamily), Bytes.toBytes(column), Bytes.toBytes(strNewValue));
//----------------------------------4
table.put(put);
//----------------------------------5
table.close();
}

6.查询
6.1根据RowKey

public void getRow() throws IOException {
//表名
String tbName = "tableName";
//rowKey
String rowKey = "rowKey";
//-----------------------------------1
HTable table = new HTable(configuration, tbName);

//查询器，查询指定行-----------------2
Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
//获取结果---------------------------3
Result result = table.get(get);
//指定行的所有列
List<Cell> listCells = result.listCells();

//遍历取值---------------------------4
for (Cell cell : listCells) {
System.out.println("列  族：" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell)));
System.out.println("列  名:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell)));
System.out.println("列  值：" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)));
System.out.println("时间戳：" + cell.getTimestamp());
}
//关闭table-------------------------5
table.close();
}

7.扫描

public  void scan(String tableName) throws IOException{
//获取连接
Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(config);

//建立表对象，用于和HBase通信--------1
Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
//建立Scan对象----------------------2
Scan scan = new Scan();
// 设置要查询的列族、列--------------3
scan.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("cardInfo"), Bytes.toBytes("cardNo"));
// 获取结果-------------------------4
ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
// 读取结果-------------------------5
for (Result result:resultScanner)
System.out.println("Found row : " + result);

//关闭ResultScanner----------------6
resultScanner.close();
}

8.过滤器

public void scan(String tableName) throws IOException {
//获取连接
Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(config);
//建立表对象，用于和HBase通信--------1
Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
//建立Scan对象----------------------2
Scan scan = new Scan();
// 设置要查询的列簇、列--------------3
scan.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("cardInfo"), Bytes.toBytes("cardNo"));

//创建Filter------------------------3.1
Filter filter = new RowFilter(CompareFilter.CompareOp.LESS_OR_EQUAL,
new BinaryComparator(Bytes.toBytes("0")));
//----------------------------------3.2
scan.setFilter(filter);

// 获取结果-------------------------4
ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
// 读取结果-------------------------5
for (Result result : resultScanner)
System.out.println("Found row : " + result);
//关闭ResultScanner----------------6
resultScanner.close();
}