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Django + Uwsgi + Nginx 实现生产环境 项目部署

2016-12-25 13:57 1326 查看
内容:

uwsgi 介绍

uwsgi安装使用

nginx安装配置

django with nginx

如何在生产上部署Django项目?

Django项目的部署可以有很多方式,采用nginx+uwsgi的方式是其中比较常见的一种方式。

uwsgi介绍

uWSGI是一个Web服务器,它实现了WSGI协议、uwsgi、http等协议。Nginx中HttpUwsgiModule的作用是与uWSGI服务器进行交换。

要注意 WSGI / uwsgi / uWSGI 这三个概念的区分。

WSGI是一种Web服务器网关接口。它是一个Web服务器(如nginx,uWSGI等服务器)与web应用(如用Flask框架写的程序)通信的一种规范。

uwsgi是一种线路协议而不是通信协议,在此常用于在uWSGI服务器与其他网络服务器的数据通信。

而uWSGI是实现了uwsgi和WSGI两种协议的Web服务器。

uwsgi协议是一个uWSGI服务器自有的协议,它用于定义传输信息的类型(type of information),每一个uwsgi packet前4byte为传输信息类型描述,它与WSGI相比是两样东西。

uwsgi性能非常高



uWSGI的主要特点如下

超快的性能

低内存占用(实测为apache2的mod_wsgi的一半左右)

多app管理(终于不用冥思苦想下个app用哪个端口比较好了-.-)

详尽的日志功能(可以用来分析app性能和瓶颈)

高度可定制(内存大小限制,服务一定次数后重启等)

总而言之uwgi是个部署用的好东东,正如uWSGI作者所吹嘘的:

If you are searching for a simple wsgi-only server, uWSGI is not for you, but if you are building a real (production-ready) app that need to be rock-solid, fast and easy to distribute/optimize for various load-average, you will pathetically and morbidly fall in love (we hope) with uWSGI.


Uwsgi 安装使用

基本测试

Create a file called
test.py
:

运行

用uwsgi 启动django

  

可以把参数写到配置文件里

启动

  

Nginx安装使用  

为你的项目生成Nginx配置文件

You will need the
uwsgi_params
file, which is available in the
nginx
directory of the uWSGI distribution, or from https://github.com/nginx/nginx/blob/master/conf/uwsgi_params

Copy it into your project directory. In a moment we will tell nginx to refer to it.

Now create a file called mysite_nginx.conf, and put this in it:

This conf file tells nginx to serve up media and static files from the filesystem, as well as handle requests that require Django’s intervention. For a large deployment it is considered good practice to let one server handle static/media files, and another handle Django applications, but for now, this will do just fine.

Symlink to this file from /etc/nginx/sites-enabled so nginx can see it:

Deploying static files

Before running nginx, you have to collect all Django static files in the static folder. First of all you have to edit mysite/settings.py adding:

and then run

  

此时启动Nginx 和Uwsgi,你的django项目就可以实现高并发啦!
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