[置顶] java微信开发-之如何获取openid 和用户信息

首先我们要先看一下文档 https://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/17/c0f37d5704f0b64713d5d2c37b468d75.html

重点的话就是这里的授权页面的参数，文档的话希望自己去看和理解，比较这个方面的话，前辈已经写了很多了，我只是想把我自己的写出来提供参考。

  


首先肯定的配置微信公众号里面的内容，这里就不多说了也就是域名，js域名，token，这方面的东西，都好之后我这里是从菜单说去，应该挺详细的。
创建微信的一二级菜单，具体的话可能要自己去找资料了。这里只有一级菜单。
接下来我就来解释一下就是通过url得到code，通过code得到openid 然后得到用户信息这样一个思路.

当我们点击，每个人都有的按钮 通过url 后面的域名   redirect_uri=http://www.vicp.com/task/technician/check 
进入我们的 task/technician/check  这个方法传一个code值过去，同时参数appid是填写自己公众号的，其它的基本可以默认，就行.

//授权页面
buttonBuys.put("url", "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?"+ "appid="+appid+"&redirect_uri="
+ "http://www.vicp.com/task/technician/check&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_userinfo&state=1#wechat_redirect");

/**
* 创建自定义菜单
*/
public static void createMenu() throws Exception {
String appid = WxConfig.APPID;

JSONObject buttonBuys = new JSONObject();
buttonBuys.put("type", "view");
buttonBuys.put("name", "每个人都有");
//授权页面
buttonBuys.put("url", "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?"
+ "appid="+appid+"&redirect_uri="
+ "http://www.vicp.com/task/technician/check&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_userinfo&state=1#wechat_redirect");

// menuKnow 一级菜单
JSONObject menuKnow = new JSONObject();
menuKnow.put("type", "view");
menuKnow.put("name", "我要发布任务");
//授权页面
menuKnow.put("url", "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?"
+ "appid="+appid+"&redirect_uri="
+ "http://www.vicp.com/task/employer/check&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_userinfo&state=1#wechat_redirect");
JSONArray buttonsAll = new JSONArray();
buttonsAll.add(buttonBuys);
buttonsAll.add(menuKnow);

JSONObject menu = new JSONObject();
menu.put("button", buttonsAll);
menu.toString();

MpApi.menuCreate(menu.toString());
MpApi.menuQuery();
}

MpApi.menuCreate(menu.toString()); //这里是调用微信的创建接口 需要自己 post 或者 get 到微信就行了
private static final String CreateMenuUrl =https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN

MpApi.menuQuery(); //这里是调用微信的查询接口
需要自己 post 或者 get 到微信就行了
private static final String QueryMenuUrl =https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/get?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN

MpApi.GetPageAccessTokenUrl //这里接口在下面 
去掉 mpapi 调用接口就行了

如上说的，我们通过url进入了我们方法得到code，接下来就是得到code了，如果url通过了我们可以直接得到code值

/**
* 技术人员任务判断
*
* @param session
* @param model
* @param code
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/technician/check")
public String check(HttpSession session, Map<String, Object> model,) {
String openId = null;
String code = request.getParameter("code");//我们要的code
try {
openId = getTheCode(session, code, openId);

} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return view;
}
private String getTheCode(HttpSession session, String code, String openId) {
if (code != null)
{
openId = userService.getOpenid(code);// 调用根据用户的code得到信息
}
// 获取基础刷新的接口访问凭证
AccessToken accessToken = AccessTokenUtil.queryAccessToken();
User userinfo = userinof.getUserInfo(accessToken.getAccess_token(),openId);
System.out.println("昵称：" + userinfo.getNickname());

if (userinfo.getOpenid() == null)
{
// 得到保存在session的微信信息
User loginUser = BaseUserController.getLoginUser(session);
openId = loginUser.getOpenid();
System.out.println(openId + "你是");
}

else
{
addSessionUser(session, userinfo);
}

return openId;
}


getOpenid 方法
/**
* 识别得到用户id必须的一个值
*
* @param code
* @return
*/
// 根据用户的code得到用户OpenId
public String getOpenid(String code) {
UserinofService weixinGetCode = new UserinofService();
Map<String, Object> result = weixinGetCode.oauth2GetOpenid(code);
String OpenId = (String) result.get("Openid");// 得到用户id

return OpenId;
}

UserinofServicele类

package xyz.ibenben.parttime.common.weixxintool;

import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import xyz.ibenben.parttime.common.weixinapi.HttpUtil;
import xyz.ibenben.parttime.common.weixinapi.MpApi;
import xyz.ibenben.parttime.user.entity.User;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.ResponseHandler;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicResponseHandler;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

/**
* 扫描就获取用户信息
*
* @param accessToken
* 接口访问凭证
* @param openId
* 用户标识
* @return WeixinUserInfo
*/
@Service
public class UserinofService {

/**
* 得到微信用户信息
* @param accessToken
* @param openId
* @return
*/
public User getUserInfo(String accessToken, String openId) {

Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpUtil.class);
User weixinUserInfo = null;
// 拼接请求地址
String requestUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/info?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&openid=OPENID";
requestUrl = requestUrl.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", accessToken).replace(
"OPENID", openId);
// 获取用户信息
JSONObject jsonObject = HttpUtil
.httpsRequest(requestUrl, "GET", null);

if (null != jsonObject) {
try {
weixinUserInfo = new User();
// 用户的标识
weixinUserInfo.setOpenid(jsonObject.getString("openid"));
// 昵称
weixinUserInfo.setNickname(jsonObject.getString("nickname"));
// 用户的性别（1是男性，2是女性，0是未知）
weixinUserInfo.setSex(jsonObject.getInt("sex"));
// 用户所在国家
weixinUserInfo.setCountry(jsonObject.getString("country"));
// 用户所在省份
weixinUserInfo.setProvince(jsonObject.getString("province"));
// 用户所在城市
weixinUserInfo.setCity(jsonObject.getString("city"));
// 用户头像
weixinUserInfo.setHeadImage(jsonObject.getString("headimgurl"));
} catch (Exception e) {
if (0 == weixinUserInfo.getSubscribe())
log.error("用户{}已取消关注", weixinUserInfo.getOpenid());
else {
int errorCode = jsonObject.getInt("errcode");
String errorMsg = jsonObject.getString("errmsg");
log.error("获取用户信息失败 errcode:{} errmsg:{}", errorCode,
errorMsg);
}
}
}
return weixinUserInfo;
}

/**
*
* @param code 识别得到用户id必须的一个值
* 得到网页授权凭证和用户id
* @return
*/
public static Map<String,Object> oauth2GetOpenid(String code) {
String appid = WxConfig.APPID;//自己的配置appid
String a
cdef
ppsecret = WxConfig.APPSECRET;//自己的配置APPSECRET;
String requestUrl = MpApi.GetPageAccessTokenUrl.replace("APPID", appid).replace("SECRET", appsecret).replace("CODE", code);
HttpClient client = null;
Map<String,Object> result =new HashMap<String,Object>();
try {
client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(requestUrl);
ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
String response = client.execute(httpget, responseHandler);
JSONObject OpenidJSONO=JSONObject.fromObject(response);

//OpenidJSONO可以得到的内容：access_token expires_in refresh_token openid scope

String Openid =String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("openid"));
String AccessToken=String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("access_token"));
String Scope=String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("scope"));//用户保存的作用域
String refresh_token=String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("refresh_token"));

result.put("Openid", Openid);
result.put("AccessToken", AccessToken);
result.put("scope",Scope);
result.put("refresh_token", refresh_token);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
client.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
}
return result;
}
// 网页授权获取code
public final static String GetPageCode = "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?
appid=APPID&redirect_uri=URL&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_userinfo&state=1#wechat_redirect";

// 网页授权接口
public final static String GetPageAccessTokenUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?
appid=APPID&secret=SECRET&code=CODE&grant_type=authorization_code";

// 网页授权得到用户基本信息接口
public final static String GetPageUsersUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&openid=OPENID&lang=zh_CN";
}


上面就是根据code得到openid，现在就是根据openid得到用户信息了

user类

/**
* 类名: WeixinUserInfo <br/>
* 描述: 微信用户的基本信息 <br/>
* 开发人员： zdl <br/>
* 创建时间： 2015-11-27 </br> 发布版本：V1.0 <br/>
*/
public class Userof {
// 用户的标识
private String openId;
// 关注状态（1是关注，0是未关注），未关注时获取不到其余信息
private int subscribe;
// 用户关注时间，为时间戳。如果用户曾多次关注，则取最后关注时间
private String subscribeTime;
// 昵称
private String nickname;
// 用户的性别（1是男性，2是女性，0是未知）
private int sex;
// 用户所在国家
private String country;
// 用户所在省份
private String province;
// 用户所在城市
private String city;
// 用户的语言，简体中文为zh_CN
private String language;
// 用户头像
private String headImgUrl;

public String getOpenId() {
return openId;
}

public void setOpenId(String openId) {
this.openId = openId;
}

public int getSubscribe() {
return subscribe;
}

public void setSubscribe(int subscribe) {
this.subscribe = subscribe;
}

public String getSubscribeTime() {
return subscribeTime;
}

public void setSubscribeTime(String subscribeTime) {
this.subscribeTime = subscribeTime;
}

public String getNickname() {
return nickname;
}

public void setNickname(String nickname) {
this.nickname = nickname;
}

public int getSex() {
return sex;
}

public void setSex(int sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}

public String getCountry() {
return country;
}

public void setCountry(String country) {
this.country = country;
}

public String getProvince() {
return province;
}

public void setProvince(String province) {
this.province = province;
}

public String getCity() {
return city;
}

public void setCity(String city) {
this.city = city;
}

public String getLanguage() {
return language;
}

public void setLanguage(String language) {
this.language = language;
}

public String getHeadImgUrl() {
return headImgUrl;
}

public void setHeadImgUrl(String headImgUrl) {
this.headImgUrl = headImgUrl;
}
}

// 获取用户信息 的url请求
JSONObject jsonObject = HttpUtil.httpsRequest(requestUrl, "GET", null);

// 获取用户信息 的url请求
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ConnectException;
import java.net.URL;

import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;

import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.StatusLine;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpResponseException;
import org.apache.http.client.ResponseHandler;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

/**
* 服务器端http请求工具类
*/
public class HttpUtil {
private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpUtil.class);

/**
* utf-8编码
*/
static class Utf8ResponseHandler implements ResponseHandler<String> {
public String handleResponse(final HttpResponse response)
throws HttpResponseException, IOException {
final StatusLine statusLine = response.getStatusLine();
final HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (statusLine.getStatusCode() >= 300) {
EntityUtils.consume(entity);
throw new HttpResponseException(statusLine.getStatusCode(),
statusLine.getReasonPhrase());
}
return entity == null ? null : EntityUtils
.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
}

}

/**
* 获取用户信息发送 --HTTPS请求
*
* @param requestUrl
* 请求地址
* @param requestMethod
* 请求方式（GET、POST）
* @param outputStr
* 提交的数据
* @return JSONObject(通过JSONObject.get(key)的方式获取json对象的属性值)
*/
public static JSONObject httpsRequest(String requestUrl,
String requestMethod, String outputStr) {
JSONObject jsonObject = null;
try {
// 创建SSLContext对象，并使用我们指定的信任管理器初始化
TrustManager[] tm = { new MyX509TrustManager() };
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL", "SunJSSE");
sslContext.init(null, tm, new java.security.SecureRandom());
// 从上述SSLContext对象中得到SSLSocketFactory对象
SSLSocketFactory ssf = sslContext.getSocketFactory();
URL url = new URL(requestUrl);
HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setSSLSocketFactory(ssf);
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setUseCaches(false);
// 设置请求方式（GET/POST）
conn.setRequestMethod(requestMethod);
// 当outputStr不为null时向输出流写数据
if (null != outputStr) {
OutputStream outputStream = conn.getOutputStream();
// 注意编码格式
outputStream.write(outputStr.getBytes("UTF-8"));
outputStream.close();
}
// 从输入流读取返回内容
InputStream inputStream = conn.getInputStream();
InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(
inputStream, "utf-8");
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(
inputStreamReader);
String str = null;
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
while ((str = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
buffer.append(str);
}
// 释放资源
bufferedReader.close();
inputStreamReader.close();
inputStream.close();
inputStream = null;
conn.disconnect();
jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(buffer.toString());
} catch (ConnectException ce) {
log.error("连接超时：{}", ce);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("https请求异常：{}", e);
}
return jsonObject;
}
}

package com.web.controller.io;

import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;

import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;

/**
* 类名: MyX509TrustManager <br/>
* 描述:信任管理器 <br/>
* 开发人员： ZDL <br/>
* 创建时间：2016-9-27 <br/>
* 发布版本：V1.0 <br/>
*/
public class MyX509TrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
// 检查客户端证书
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
throws CertificateException {
}

// 检查服务器端证书
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
throws CertificateException {
}

// 返回受信任的X509证书数组
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
}

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