Java使用代理进行网络连接

需求是这样的：

一、界面上要有这样几种代理类型可以选。

1.HTTP代理

2.Socks代理

3.不使用代理（直连）

4.使用浏览器设置（浏览器也是HTTP、Socks、直连三种）。

可参考QQ登录设置里的代理能，其实跟qq的代理功能是一样的。

二、测试使用所填写的代理配置信息是否可连接

三、记录用户上次选择的代理配置，默认使用用户上次使用的代理配置进行网络连接。

程序运行环境是WindowsXP、Windows7、Windows8系统。

使用的技术为Java7，Swing，CXF。

难点：

1.如何进行全居的代理设置：

/**
* 网络代理Bean
*
* @author tang
*/
public class NetworkBean implements Serializable {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
// private static sun.misc.BASE64Encoder base64Encoder = new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder();

private Proxy.Type type;// 代理类型
private String address;// ip 地址
private String port;// 端口号
private String username;// 代理服务器用户名
private String password;// 代理服务器用户密码
private String domain;// 域
private String typeText;// 代理类型显示的文本

public NetworkBean() {
}

public NetworkBean(Type type, String address, String port, String username, String password) {
this.type = type;
this.address = address;
this.port = port;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}

public NetworkBean(Type type, String address, String port, String username, String password, String domain) {
super();
this.type = type;
this.address = address;
this.port = port;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
this.domain = domain;
}

public Proxy.Type getType() {
return type;
}

public void setType(Proxy.Type type) {
this.type = type;
}

public String getAddress() {
return address;
}

public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}

public String getPort() {
return port;
}

public void setPort(String port) {
this.port = port;
}

public String getUsername() {
return username;
}

public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}

public String getPassword() {
return password;
}

public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}

public String getDomain() {
return domain;
}

public void setDomain(String domain) {
this.domain = domain;
}

public String getTypeText() {
return typeText;
}

public void setTypeText(String typeText) {
this.typeText = typeText;
}

/**
* return domain + "\" + username
*/
public String getDomainAndUsername() {
return (Utils.toString(domain).trim().isEmpty()) ? username : domain.trim() + "\\" + username;
}

/**
* return domain + "\" + username + ":" + password
*/
public String getDomainAndUsernameAndPassword() {
return getDomainAndUsername() + ":" + password;
}

/**
* return username + ":" + password
*/
public String getUsernameAndPassword() {
return username + ":" + password;
}

/**
* return (domain + "\" + username + ":" + password) to 64 bit
*/
public String getDomainAndUsernameAndPassword64() {
return org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64.encodeBase64String(getDomainAndUsernameAndPassword().getBytes());
}

@Override
public String toString() {
return "NetworkBean [type=" + type + ", typeText=" + typeText + ", address=" + address + ", port=" + port + ", username=" + username + ", password="
+ password + ", domain=" + domain + "]";
}
}

/**
* 根据指定的代理信息设置系统全局的网络代理
*
* @param networkBean
*/
public static void setNetworkProxyBySystem(NetworkBean networkBean) {
System.out.println("System Set Proxy : " + networkBean);
if (isUserProxy(networkBean)) {
if (networkBean.getType() == Proxy.Type.SOCKS) {
System.getProperties().remove("http.proxyHost");
System.getProperties().remove("http.proxyPort");

System.getProperties().setProperty("socksProxyHost", networkBean.getAddress());
System.getProperties().setProperty("socksProxyPort", networkBean.getPort());
} else {
System.getProperties().setProperty("http.proxyHost", networkBean.getAddress());
System.getProperties().setProperty("http.proxyPort", networkBean.getPort());
}

Authenticator.setDefault(new BairuiAuthenticator(networkBean.getDomainAndUsername(), networkBean.getPassword()));
} else if (networkBean != null) {
System.getProperties().remove("proxySet");
System.getProperties().remove("socksProxySet");

System.getProperties().remove("http.proxyHost");
System.getProperties().remove("http.proxyPort");

System.getProperties().remove("socksProxyHost");
System.getProperties().remove("socksProxyPort");
}
}

/**
* 网络用户名密码校验提供者
*/
public static class BairuiAuthenticator extends Authenticator {
private String username, password;

public BairuiAuthenticator(String username, String password) {
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}

protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password == null ? null : password.toCharArray());
}
}

2.如何让CXF的Service使用系统的代理：

/**
* 为WebService接口添加网络代理支持：httpClientPolicy.setAllowChunking(false);
*
* @param client
*/
public static void setWebServiceSupportProxy(Client client) {
HTTPConduit conduit = (HTTPConduit) client.getConduit();
HTTPClientPolicy httpClientPolicy = new HTTPClientPolicy();
httpClientPolicy.setAllowChunking(false);
conduit.setClient(httpClientPolicy);
}

3.使用浏览器设置：

/**
* 读取用户注册表获取浏览器的代理设置
*
* @return 该方法不会返回null值也不会抛出异常
*/
public static NetworkBean getBrowserProxy() {
NetworkBean networkBean = new NetworkBean();
networkBean.setTypeText(typeTexts[3]);
networkBean.setType(Proxy.Type.DIRECT);
String key = "reg query \"HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\"";// 注册表浏览器代理key
try {
Process exec = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(key);
try (InputStreamReader i = new InputStreamReader(exec.getInputStream()); BufferedReader ir = new BufferedReader(i)) {
for (String line = ir.readLine(); line != null; line = ir.readLine()) {
if (line.indexOf("ProxyServer") >= 0) {
String[] split1 = line.split("    ");
if (split1.length > 3) {
String[] split2 = split1[3].trim().split(":");
if (split2.length > 1) {
if (!Utils.toString(split2[0]).isEmpty() && !Utils.toString(split2[1]).isEmpty()) {
networkBean.setAddress(split2[0]);
networkBean.setPort(split2[1]);
networkBean.setType(Proxy.Type.HTTP);
break;
}
}
}
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} catch (Exception e) {// 从注册表读取失败
e.printStackTrace();
}
return networkBean;
}

4.测试代理是否可用

因为程序中使用了服务器的两个不同的端口，所以需要测试两个端口是否都可连。

如果使用了多台服务器，更加需要分别测试了。

/**
* 测试网络代理是否能通过连接,如果不通过抛出异常
*
* @throws Exception
*/
private static void testNetworkProxy() throws Exception {
testWebService();
testURLConnection();
}

/**
* 测试CXF Service接口50367端口
*
* @param networkBean
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void testWebService() throws Exception {
JcptLoginService service = WebServiceUtils.getService(JcptLoginService.class, GeneralWebServiceAddress.LOGIN_SERVICE_URL_ADD);
String result = service.getLoginPicture();
System.out.println(result);
}

/**
* 从HttpURLConnection对象读取指定字符，如果不匹配则抛出异常
*
* @param connection
* @throws Exception
*/
private static void checkConnectionContent(HttpURLConnection connection) throws Exception {
try (InputStream inputStream = connection.getInputStream()) {
byte[] b = new byte[1024];
boolean success = false;
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = inputStream.read(b); i > 0; i = inputStream.read(b)) {
String tempStr = new String(b, 0, i);
sb.append(tempStr);
if (tempStr.indexOf("3,file not found") >= 0) {// service固定返回这个字符串，如果service作了更改此处也应更改
success = true;
break;
}
}
if (!success) {
String str = sb.toString();
if (str.length() > 3) {
char char0 = str.charAt(0);
char char1 = str.charAt(1);
if (Utils.isNumber(char0 + "") && char1 == ',') {
success = true;
}
}
}
if (!success) {
throw new RuntimeException("result content does not meet expectations.");
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
throw ex;
}
}

/**
* 测试文件下载接口9067端口
*
* @param networkBean
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void testURLConnection() throws Exception {
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(GeneralWebServiceAddress.FILE_DOWN_URL_ADD + "path=").openConnection();
checkConnectionContent(connection);
}

/**
* 测试代理服务器连接
*/
private void testProxyConnection() {
NetworkBean readNetworkBean = NetworkProxyTool.readNetworkBean();// 先获得正在使用的NetworkBean
try {
NetworkBean networkBean = createNetworkBean();// 根据用户填写的信息创建的NetworkBean对象
showTestResultDialog(NetworkProxyTool.testNetworkProxyBySystem(networkBean));
} catch (Exception ex) {
showTestResultDialog(false);
}
NetworkProxyTool.setNetworkProxyBySystem(readNetworkBean);// 测试结束，还原原来的NetworkBean
}

5.因为java连接网络时，如果使用当前的代理连接失败，那么就会使用操作系统中缓存的代理进行网络连接，如何是测试连接时不使用操作系统缓存，但测试结束后使用操作系统缓存。

/**
* 设置长连接和验证信息缓存是否开启
*
* @param keepAlive
*/
public static void setKeepAliveAndAuthCache(boolean keepAlive) {
System.setProperty("http.keepAlive", keepAlive + "");// 设置是否开始长连接，如果为false可以防止连接被缓存（如果连接被缓存，用户名密码等所有信息都会被缓存）
if (keepAlive) {
AuthCacheValue.setAuthCache(new AuthCacheImpl());
} else {
// 设置一个空的实现AuthCache可以防止用户名密码信息被缓存
AuthCacheValue.setAuthCache(new AuthCache() {
public void remove(String pkey, AuthCacheValue entry) {
}

public void put(String pkey, AuthCacheValue value) {
}

public AuthCacheValue get(String pkey, String skey) {
return null;
}
});
}
}

在登录之前：

NetworkProxyTool.setKeepAliveAndAuthCache(false);
new.Login();

登录成功后：

NetworkProxyTool.setKeepAliveAndAuthCache(true);

6.保存用户的代理配置：

因为直接序列化自定义类型的对象，会存在版本问题（比如这个类的包名、类名改了，就死定了）。

所以不能直接序列化自定义类的对象，二是将自定义类对象的属性转成字典（Map），然后序列化map。

/**
* 读取本地网络代理设置配置文件
*
* @return
*/
public static NetworkBean readNetworkBean() {
NetworkBean networkBean = getCurrNetworkBean(readNetworkBeanMap());
if (networkBean == null) {
networkBean = new NetworkBean();
networkBean.setType(Proxy.Type.DIRECT);
}
return networkBean;
}

/**
* 获取用户上次选择网络代理设置
*
* @param map
* @return
*/
public static NetworkBean getCurrNetworkBean(Map<String, Object> map) {
putBrowserProxy(map);
return (NetworkBean) map.get(getTypeMapKey(map));
}

/**
* 将浏览器的信息存放入代理信息总配置map
*
* @param map
*/
private static void putBrowserProxy(Map<String, Object> map) {
if (browserProxyBean == null) {
browserProxyBean = getBrowserProxy();
}
NetworkBean networkBeanBrowser = (NetworkBean) map.get(key_browser);
if (networkBeanBrowser == null) {
networkBeanBrowser = browserProxyBean;
}
if ((Utils.toString(browserProxyBean.getAddress()).isEmpty() || !browserProxyBean.getAddress().equals(networkBeanBrowser.getAddress()))
|| (Utils.toString(browserProxyBean.getPort()).isEmpty() || !browserProxyBean.getPort().equals(networkBeanBrowser.getPort()))) {
networkBeanBrowser.setUsername(null);
networkBeanBrowser.setPassword(null);
networkBeanBrowser.setDomain(null);
}
networkBeanBrowser.setType(browserProxyBean.getType());
networkBeanBrowser.setTypeText(browserProxyBean.getTypeText());
networkBeanBrowser.setAddress(browserProxyBean.getAddress());
networkBeanBrowser.setPort(browserProxyBean.getPort());
map.put(key_browser, networkBeanBrowser);
}

在登录之前：

NetworkBean networkBean = NetworkProxyTool.readNetworkBean();
NetworkProxyTool.setNetworkProxyBySystem(networkBean);

NetworkProxyTool.setKeepAliveAndAuthCache(false);
new.Login();

在用户配置完代理点击确定时：

/**
* 点击确定
*/
private void confirm() {

if ((isHttp() || isSocks()) && !checkIpAndPortNotNull()) {
return;
}

NetworkBean networkBean = createNetworkBean();
if (isHttp()) {// HTTP代理
if (networkBean.getDomain() != null) {
networkBean.setDomain(networkBean.getDomain().trim());
}
proxySettingMap.put(key_http, networkBean);
proxySettingMap.put(key_proxy_type, key_http);
} else if (isSocks()) {// SOCKS代理
proxySettingMap.put(key_socks, networkBean);
proxySettingMap.put(key_proxy_type, key_socks);
} else if (isBrowser()) {
proxySettingMap.put(key_browser, networkBean);
proxySettingMap.put(key_proxy_type, key_browser);
} else {
proxySettingMap.put(key_direct, networkBean);
proxySettingMap.put(key_proxy_type, key_direct);
}

userCurrShowNetworkBean = networkBean;

isConfirm = true;
setVisible(false);

NetworkProxyTool.saveNetworkProxyConfig(proxySettingMap);
}

System Properties

Java System Properties网络设置有哪些key

http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/technotes/guides/net/properties.html

http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/net/doc-files/net-properties.html

Java System Properties优先级说明

host和port比set优先级高，也就是说set可以不用去设置。

如存在http.proxyHost和http.proxyPort时，proxySet设为false无效，系统仍然可以使用http代理。

存在socksProxyHost和socksProxyPort时，socksProxySet设为false无效，系统仍然可以使用socks代理。

http比socks优先级高，即存在http.proxyHost和http.proxyPort时，socksProxySet、socksProxyHost、socksProxyPort都会失效，系统会使用http代理。

使用java.net.Proxy

如果只是单个的连接需要使用代理，那么可以采用Proxy类进行代理连接。

说明：

1.Socket只能使用socks代理不能使用http代理。

2.Socket使用使用Authenticator来进行验证。

3.URLConnection 使用RequestProperty是只对当前连接有效，不会缓存，Authenticator是全局性的，对所有网络请求都有效，会缓存，但RequestProperty的优先级比Authenticator高。

4.只有RequestProperty需要64位编码，Authenticator不需要。

5.需要清除验证缓存的，不使用验证缓存上面已经有代码了，这里就不重复写了。

6.其实，建议采用全局性的代理连接，不管是URLConnection 还是Socket 都简单方便、统一。

代码：

NetworkBean httpBean = new NetworkBean(Proxy.Type.HTTP, "192.168.77.5", "8888", "tzc", "123", null);
Proxy httpProxy = new Proxy(httpBean.getType(), new InetSocketAddress(httpBean.getAddress(), Integer.parseInt(httpBean.getPort())));

NetworkBean socksBean = new NetworkBean(Proxy.Type.SOCKS, "192.168.77.5", "9999", "tzc", "123", "ttt");
Proxy socksProxy = new Proxy(socksBean.getType(), new InetSocketAddress(socksBean.getAddress(), Integer.parseInt(socksBean.getPort())));

URLConnection httpProxyConnection = new URL("http://www.baidu.com/").openConnection(httpProxy);
//或者Authenticator.setDefault(new BairuiAuthenticator(networkBean.getDomainAndUsername(), networkBean.getPassword()));
httpProxyConnection.setRequestProperty("Proxy-Authorization", "Basic "+httpBean.getDomainAndUsernameAndPassword64());

URLConnection socksProxyConnection = new URL("http://www.baidu.com/").openConnection(socksProxy);
//或者Authenticator.setDefault(new BairuiAuthenticator(networkBean.getDomainAndUsername(), networkBean.getPassword()));
socksProxyConnection.setRequestProperty("Proxy-Authorization", "Basic "+httpBean.getDomainAndUsernameAndPassword64());

Socket socket = new Socket(socksProxy);
Authenticator.setDefault(new BairuiAuthenticator(networkBean.getDomainAndUsername(), networkBean.getPassword()));
socket.connect(new InetSocketAddress("www.baidu.com", 5555));