如何创建Nginx服务的Centos Docker镜像
2016-11-01 14:57
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Nginx是一个高性能的Web和反向代理服务器，它具有很多非常优越的特性，下面我就分步骤向大家介绍如何创建带Nginx服务的Centos Docker镜像.基础镜像：[root@localhost ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZEsshd-centos latest 64136bdc0cc8 45 hours ago 261.8 MBcentos latest 0f73ae75014f 5 weeks ago 172.3 MB其中镜像sshd-centos是以镜像centos为基础的开放SSH服务的镜像。第一部分，手工配置并生成镜像一 、以镜像sshd-centos为基础新建容器，并指定容器的ssh端口22映射到宿主机的2222端口上
docker run -d -p 2222:22 sshd-centos /usr/sbin/sshd -D
查看容器运行情况：
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ed9361b598c8 sshd-centos "/usr/sbin/sshd -D" 16 minutes ago Up 16 minutes 0.0.0.0:2222->22/tcp distracted_mclean
二、在宿主机上通过ssh登录容器
ssh localhost -p 222211
如果提示没有ssh命令请安装openssh-clients
yum install -y openssh-clients11
三、下载Nginx源码包，编译安装
1、安装wget
yum install -y wget11
2、下载源码包
cd /usr/local/src
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz1212
3、解压源码包
tar -zxvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gzcd nginx-1.8.0
4、安装gcc 、make编译器和Nginx依赖包
由于下载的docker镜像是简化版，所以连最基本的gcc和make都没有带，只好自已安装； 同时需要安装Nginx依赖包pcre和zlib
yum install -y gcc make pcre-devel zlib-devel11
5、编译
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-pcremake
make install12341234
四，启动nginx服务
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
查看是安装是否正常，能否访问默认页:
[root@ed9361b598c8 nginx-1.8.0]# curl localhost<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Welcome to nginx!</title><style>
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto; font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }</style></head><body><h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1><p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p><p>For online documentation and support please refer to<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>Commercial support is available at<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p><p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p></body></html>测试成功！五，修改Ngnix配置文件
设置生成容器时，Nginx以非daemon启动
echo "\ndaemon off;">>/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf11
六、编写启动ssh和Nginx服务的脚本
cd /usr/local/sbin
vi run.sh1212
脚本内容
#!/bin/bash/usr/sbin/sshd &
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx123123
改变脚本权限，使其可以运行
chmod 755 run.sh11
七、创建带有Nginx和ssh服务的镜像
1、查看当前容器的 Container ID
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ed9361b598c8 sshd-centos "/usr/sbin/sshd -D" 16 minutes ago Up 16 minutes 0.0.0.0:2222->22/tcp distracted_mclean123123
2、根据容器CONTAINER ID生成新的镜像
docker commit ed9361b598c8 nginx:centos
3、查看新生成的镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZEnginx centos b61204959427 10 seconds ago 369.9 MBsshd-centos latest 64136bdc0cc8 45 hours ago 261.8 MBcentos latest 0f73ae75014f 5 weeks ago 172.3 MB1234512345
八、根据新生成的镜像生成容器
分别映射容器的22端口和80端口到宿主机的2223端口和8000端口
docker run -d -p 2223:22 -p 8000:80 nginx:centos /usr/local/sbin/run.sh11
查看生成的容器：
[root@localhost ~]#docker ps -aCONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
f5a87e085a0b nginx:centos "/usr/local/sbin/run 6 seconds ago Up 5 seconds 0.0.0.0:2223->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8000->80/tcp
stoic_kirch
ed9361b598c8 sshd-centos "/usr/sbin/sshd -D" 37 minutes ago Up 37 minutes 0.0.0.0:2222->22/tcp
distracted_mclean
测试Nginx服务：
[root@localhost ~]# curl localhost:8000<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Welcome to nginx!</title><style>
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto; font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }</style></head><body><h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1><p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p><p>For online documentation and support please refer to<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>Commercial support is available at<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p><p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p></body></html>12345678910111213141516171819202122232425261234567891011121314151617181920212223242526
测试ssh服务
[root@localhost ~]# ssh localhost -p 2223The authenticity of host '[localhost]:2223 ([::1]:2223)' can't be established.RSA key fingerprint is d7:fd:3d:40:46:b6:0c:c9:ee:f1:fb:9e:08:c4:12:57.Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '[localhost]:2223' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.root@localhost's password:123456123456
测试通过！
第二部分，通过Dockerfile生成镜像
在宿主机上准备的文件清单：
Dockerfile#启动ssh和apache服务的角本run.sh123123
以上文件都放到/root/nginx_centos目录下
mkdir -p /root/nginx_centoscd /root/nginx_centos1212
一、准备run.sh文件
在/root/nginx_centos目录新建run.sh
vim run.sh11
角本内容如下：
#!/bin/bash/usr/sbin/sshd &
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx123123
二、准备Dockerfile
在/root/nginx_centos目录新建Dockerfile
vim Dockerfile11
文件内容如下：
#新生成的镜像是基于sshd:dockerfile镜像FROM sshd-centos
MAINTAINER by cmzsteven
WORKDIR /usr/local/src#安装wgetRUN yum install -y wget#下载并解压源码包RUN wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gzRUN tar -zxvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
WORKDIR nginx-1.8.0#编译安装nginxRUN yum install -y gcc make pcre-devel zlib-devel
RUN ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-pcre
RUN make
RUN make install#启动Nginx服务RUN /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx#修改Nginx配置文件,以非daemon方式启动RUN echo "daemon off;">>/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf#复制服务启动脚本并设置权限ADD run.sh /usr/local/sbin/run.sh
RUN chmod 755 /usr/local/sbin/run.sh#设置生成容器时需要执行的脚本CMD ["/usr/local/sbin/run.sh"]#开放22、80、443端口EXPOSE 22EXPOSE 80EXPOSE 4431234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272812345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728
需要注意的是：在Dockerfile文件中更换当前目录不可以用“cd”命令，而要改用“WORKDIR”.
三、根据Dockerfile生成镜像
docker build -t nginx_dockerfile:centos .
查看镜像：
[root@localhost nginx_centos]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZEnginx_dockerfile centos 9ad55461b2fe 5 minutes ago 386.1 MBnginx centos b738cec02b29 47 minutes ago 369.9 MBsshd-centos latest 64136bdc0cc8 46 hours ago 261.8 MBcentos latest 0f73ae75014f 5 weeks ago 172.3 MB123456123456
四、根据镜像生成的容器并进行测试
1、生成新的容器
[root@localhost nginx_centos]#docker run -d -p 2224:22 -p 8001:80 -p 4443:443 nginx_dockerfile:centos /usr/local/sbin/run.sh
将容器的22端口、80端口和443端口分别映射到到宿主机上的2224端口、8001端口和4443端口,并运行服务脚本。
也可以使用-P参数来让系统随机指定端口映射到22、80和443端口：
docker run -d -P nginx_dockerfile:centos11
因为在Dockerfile中指定了EXPOSE所以系统会自动将指定的端口映射出来；同时使用CMD来指定生成容器时所需要执行的角本，所以这里省略了“/usr/local/sbin/run.sh”。
2、查看新生成的容器：
[root@localhost nginx_centos]# docker ps -aCONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS
NAMES
c69d42541f52 nginx_dockerfile:centos "/usr/local/sbin/run 26 seconds ago Up 25 seconds 0.0.0.0:2224->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8001->80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:4443->443/tcp
high_colden
f5a87e085a0b nginx:centos "/usr/local/sbin/run 49 minutes ago Up 49 minutes 0.0.0.0:2223->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8000->80/tcp
stoic_kirch
ed9361b598c8 sshd-centos "/usr/sbin/sshd -D" About an hour ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:2222->22/tcp
distracted_mclean12345678910111213141234567891011121314
3、测试
测试nignx:
[root@localhost nginx_centos]# curl localhost:8001<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Welcome to nginx!</title><style>
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto; font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }</style></head><body><h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1><p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p><p>For online documentation and support please refer to<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>Commercial support is available at<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p><p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p></body></html>12345678910111213141516171819202122232425261234567891011121314151617181920212223242526
测试成功！
测试ssh
[root@localhost nginx_centos]# ssh localhost -p 2224The authenticity of host '[localhost]:2224 ([::1]:2224)' can't be established.RSA key fingerprint is d7:fd:3d:40:46:b6:0c:c9:ee:f1:fb:9e:08:c4:12:57.Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '[localhost]:2224' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.root@localhost's password:12345671234567
测试成功！
docker run -d -p 2222:22 sshd-centos /usr/sbin/sshd -D
查看容器运行情况：
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ed9361b598c8 sshd-centos "/usr/sbin/sshd -D" 16 minutes ago Up 16 minutes 0.0.0.0:2222->22/tcp distracted_mclean
二、在宿主机上通过ssh登录容器
ssh localhost -p 222211
如果提示没有ssh命令请安装openssh-clients
yum install -y openssh-clients11
三、下载Nginx源码包，编译安装
1、安装wget
yum install -y wget11
2、下载源码包
cd /usr/local/src
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz1212
3、解压源码包
tar -zxvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gzcd nginx-1.8.0
4、安装gcc 、make编译器和Nginx依赖包
由于下载的docker镜像是简化版，所以连最基本的gcc和make都没有带，只好自已安装； 同时需要安装Nginx依赖包pcre和zlib
yum install -y gcc make pcre-devel zlib-devel11
5、编译
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-pcremake
make install12341234
四，启动nginx服务
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
查看是安装是否正常，能否访问默认页:
[root@ed9361b598c8 nginx-1.8.0]# curl localhost<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Welcome to nginx!</title><style>
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto; font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }</style></head><body><h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1><p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p><p>For online documentation and support please refer to<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>Commercial support is available at<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p><p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p></body></html>测试成功！五，修改Ngnix配置文件
设置生成容器时，Nginx以非daemon启动
echo "\ndaemon off;">>/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf11
六、编写启动ssh和Nginx服务的脚本
cd /usr/local/sbin
vi run.sh1212
脚本内容
#!/bin/bash/usr/sbin/sshd &
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx123123
改变脚本权限，使其可以运行
chmod 755 run.sh11
七、创建带有Nginx和ssh服务的镜像
1、查看当前容器的 Container ID
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ed9361b598c8 sshd-centos "/usr/sbin/sshd -D" 16 minutes ago Up 16 minutes 0.0.0.0:2222->22/tcp distracted_mclean123123
2、根据容器CONTAINER ID生成新的镜像
docker commit ed9361b598c8 nginx:centos
3、查看新生成的镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZEnginx centos b61204959427 10 seconds ago 369.9 MBsshd-centos latest 64136bdc0cc8 45 hours ago 261.8 MBcentos latest 0f73ae75014f 5 weeks ago 172.3 MB1234512345
八、根据新生成的镜像生成容器
分别映射容器的22端口和80端口到宿主机的2223端口和8000端口
docker run -d -p 2223:22 -p 8000:80 nginx:centos /usr/local/sbin/run.sh11
查看生成的容器：
[root@localhost ~]#docker ps -aCONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
f5a87e085a0b nginx:centos "/usr/local/sbin/run 6 seconds ago Up 5 seconds 0.0.0.0:2223->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8000->80/tcp
stoic_kirch
ed9361b598c8 sshd-centos "/usr/sbin/sshd -D" 37 minutes ago Up 37 minutes 0.0.0.0:2222->22/tcp
distracted_mclean
测试Nginx服务：
[root@localhost ~]# curl localhost:8000<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Welcome to nginx!</title><style>
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto; font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }</style></head><body><h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1><p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p><p>For online documentation and support please refer to<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>Commercial support is available at<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p><p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p></body></html>12345678910111213141516171819202122232425261234567891011121314151617181920212223242526
测试ssh服务
[root@localhost ~]# ssh localhost -p 2223The authenticity of host '[localhost]:2223 ([::1]:2223)' can't be established.RSA key fingerprint is d7:fd:3d:40:46:b6:0c:c9:ee:f1:fb:9e:08:c4:12:57.Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '[localhost]:2223' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.root@localhost's password:123456123456
测试通过！
第二部分，通过Dockerfile生成镜像
在宿主机上准备的文件清单：
Dockerfile#启动ssh和apache服务的角本run.sh123123
以上文件都放到/root/nginx_centos目录下
mkdir -p /root/nginx_centoscd /root/nginx_centos1212
一、准备run.sh文件
在/root/nginx_centos目录新建run.sh
vim run.sh11
角本内容如下：
#!/bin/bash/usr/sbin/sshd &
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx123123
二、准备Dockerfile
在/root/nginx_centos目录新建Dockerfile
vim Dockerfile11
文件内容如下：
#新生成的镜像是基于sshd:dockerfile镜像FROM sshd-centos
MAINTAINER by cmzsteven
WORKDIR /usr/local/src#安装wgetRUN yum install -y wget#下载并解压源码包RUN wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gzRUN tar -zxvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
WORKDIR nginx-1.8.0#编译安装nginxRUN yum install -y gcc make pcre-devel zlib-devel
RUN ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-pcre
RUN make
RUN make install#启动Nginx服务RUN /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx#修改Nginx配置文件,以非daemon方式启动RUN echo "daemon off;">>/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf#复制服务启动脚本并设置权限ADD run.sh /usr/local/sbin/run.sh
RUN chmod 755 /usr/local/sbin/run.sh#设置生成容器时需要执行的脚本CMD ["/usr/local/sbin/run.sh"]#开放22、80、443端口EXPOSE 22EXPOSE 80EXPOSE 4431234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272812345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728
需要注意的是：在Dockerfile文件中更换当前目录不可以用“cd”命令，而要改用“WORKDIR”.
三、根据Dockerfile生成镜像
docker build -t nginx_dockerfile:centos .
查看镜像：
[root@localhost nginx_centos]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZEnginx_dockerfile centos 9ad55461b2fe 5 minutes ago 386.1 MBnginx centos b738cec02b29 47 minutes ago 369.9 MBsshd-centos latest 64136bdc0cc8 46 hours ago 261.8 MBcentos latest 0f73ae75014f 5 weeks ago 172.3 MB123456123456
四、根据镜像生成的容器并进行测试
1、生成新的容器
[root@localhost nginx_centos]#docker run -d -p 2224:22 -p 8001:80 -p 4443:443 nginx_dockerfile:centos /usr/local/sbin/run.sh
将容器的22端口、80端口和443端口分别映射到到宿主机上的2224端口、8001端口和4443端口,并运行服务脚本。
也可以使用-P参数来让系统随机指定端口映射到22、80和443端口：
docker run -d -P nginx_dockerfile:centos11
因为在Dockerfile中指定了EXPOSE所以系统会自动将指定的端口映射出来；同时使用CMD来指定生成容器时所需要执行的角本，所以这里省略了“/usr/local/sbin/run.sh”。
2、查看新生成的容器：
[root@localhost nginx_centos]# docker ps -aCONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS
NAMES
c69d42541f52 nginx_dockerfile:centos "/usr/local/sbin/run 26 seconds ago Up 25 seconds 0.0.0.0:2224->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8001->80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:4443->443/tcp
high_colden
f5a87e085a0b nginx:centos "/usr/local/sbin/run 49 minutes ago Up 49 minutes 0.0.0.0:2223->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8000->80/tcp
stoic_kirch
ed9361b598c8 sshd-centos "/usr/sbin/sshd -D" About an hour ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:2222->22/tcp
distracted_mclean12345678910111213141234567891011121314
3、测试
测试nignx:
[root@localhost nginx_centos]# curl localhost:8001<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Welcome to nginx!</title><style>
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto; font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }</style></head><body><h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1><p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p><p>For online documentation and support please refer to<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>Commercial support is available at<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p><p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p></body></html>12345678910111213141516171819202122232425261234567891011121314151617181920212223242526
测试成功！
测试ssh
[root@localhost nginx_centos]# ssh localhost -p 2224The authenticity of host '[localhost]:2224 ([::1]:2224)' can't be established.RSA key fingerprint is d7:fd:3d:40:46:b6:0c:c9:ee:f1:fb:9e:08:c4:12:57.Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '[localhost]:2224' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.root@localhost's password:12345671234567
测试成功！
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